User:The Transhumanist

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Introduction

Tsarevitch Ivan, the Firebird and the Gray Wolf

Hi. My name is The Transhumanist.

As a transhumanist...

I love emerging and evolving technologies, and so...

I'm currently immersed in studying AI (particularly generative AI and reasoning engines), and big data.

I dabble in JavaScript, including writing user scripts from time to time.

My best user script so far, is SearchSuite...

SearchSuite provides further control over Wikipedia search results, such as on/off features to sort them, to present results one-per-line, and more. While it seems to work fairly well, there is definitely room for improvement. Comments and suggestions are welcome.

By the way, most of the scripts I've been working on are for building and augmenting outlines...

Wikipedia ad for Wikipedia:Wikiproject Outlines
Wikipedia adsfile info – #184
As an encyclopedist...

I'm interested in all knowledge, especially how to organize it so you can find whatever is most relevant at any given moment.

I've been around Wikipedia since the Fall of 2005, and have been working mostly on Wikipedia's structure, and its knowledge navigation systems, throughout that time.

Read more...

Selected articles that I've worked on

  • Image 1 This glossary of philosophy is a list of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to philosophy and related disciplines, including logic, ethics, and theology. (Full article...)
    This glossary of philosophy is a list of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to philosophy and related disciplines, including logic, ethics, and theology. (Full article...)
  • Image 2 This article explains terms used for the British Armed Forces' ordnance (weapons) and ammunition. The terms may have different meanings depending on their usage in another country's military. (Full article...)
    This article explains terms used for the British Armed Forces' ordnance (weapons) and ammunition. The terms may have different meanings depending on their usage in another country's military. (Full article...)
  • Image 3 Location of Asia Asian cuisine encompasses several significant regional cooking styles of Asia: Central Asian, East Asian, North Asian, South Asian, Southeast Asian, and West Asian. Cuisine is a distinctive way of cooking practices and customs, usually associated with a specific culture. Asia, as the largest and most populous continent, is home to many cultures, each with its own characteristic cuisine. Asian cuisine, also known as Eastern cuisine, is considered the "culture of food within a society" due to the beliefs, cooking methods, and the specific ingredients used throughout the entire process. Asian cuisines are also renowned for their spices. A key taste factor in Asian cuisine is “umami” flavor, a strong savoriness prominent in Asian cooking, which can be achieved through fermented food or meat extract. Ingredients common to many cultures in East and Southeast Asia include rice, ginger, garlic, sesame seeds, chilis, dried onions, soy, and tofu. Stir frying, steaming, and deep frying are common cooking methods. While rice is common to most Asian cuisines, different varieties are popular in the various regions. Glutinous rice is ingrained in the culture, religious tradition and national identity of Laos. Basmati rice is popular in the Indian subcontinent, jasmine rice is often found across Southeast Asia, while long-grain rice is popular in China and short-grain in Japan and Korea. Curry is a common dish in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and East Asia. Curry dishes have their origins in the Indian subcontinent. Countries in Indochina typically use a coconut milk base in their curries; countries in Southwest Asia typically use a yogurt base. (Full article...)
    Location of Asia

    Asian cuisine encompasses several significant regional cooking styles of Asia: Central Asian, East Asian, North Asian, South Asian, Southeast Asian, and West Asian. Cuisine is a distinctive way of cooking practices and customs, usually associated with a specific culture. Asia, as the largest and most populous continent, is home to many cultures, each with its own characteristic cuisine. Asian cuisine, also known as Eastern cuisine, is considered the "culture of food within a society" due to the beliefs, cooking methods, and the specific ingredients used throughout the entire process. Asian cuisines are also renowned for their spices. A key taste factor in Asian cuisine is “umami” flavor, a strong savoriness prominent in Asian cooking, which can be achieved through fermented food or meat extract.

    Ingredients common to many cultures in East and Southeast Asia include rice, ginger, garlic, sesame seeds, chilis, dried onions, soy, and tofu. Stir frying, steaming, and deep frying are common cooking methods.

    While rice is common to most Asian cuisines, different varieties are popular in the various regions. Glutinous rice is ingrained in the culture, religious tradition and national identity of Laos. Basmati rice is popular in the Indian subcontinent, jasmine rice is often found across Southeast Asia, while long-grain rice is popular in China and short-grain in Japan and Korea.

    Curry is a common dish in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and East Asia. Curry dishes have their origins in the Indian subcontinent. Countries in Indochina typically use a coconut milk base in their curries; countries in Southwest Asia typically use a yogurt base. (Full article...)
  • Image 4 Genius is a characteristic of original and exceptional insight in the performance of some art or endeavor that surpasses expectations, sets new standards for the future, establishes better methods of operation, or remains outside the capabilities of competitors. Genius is associated with intellectual ability and creative productivity. The term genius can also be used to refer to people characterised by genius, and/or to polymaths who excel across many subjects. There is no scientifically precise definition of genius. When used to refer to the characteristic, genius is associated with talent, but several authors such as Cesare Lombroso and Arthur Schopenhauer systematically distinguish these terms. Walter Isaacson, biographer of many well-known geniuses, explains that although high intelligence may be a prerequisite, the most common trait that actually defines a genius may be the extraordinary ability to apply creativity and imaginative thinking to almost any situation. In the early-19th century Carl von Clausewitz, who had a particular interest in what he called "military genius", defined "the essence of Genius" (German: der Genius) in terms of "a very high mental capacity for certain employments". (Full article...)
    Genius is a characteristic of original and exceptional insight in the performance of some art or endeavor that surpasses expectations, sets new standards for the future, establishes better methods of operation, or remains outside the capabilities of competitors. Genius is associated with intellectual ability and creative productivity. The term genius can also be used to refer to people characterised by genius, and/or to polymaths who excel across many subjects.

    There is no scientifically precise definition of genius. When used to refer to the characteristic, genius is associated with talent, but several authors such as Cesare Lombroso and Arthur Schopenhauer systematically distinguish these terms. Walter Isaacson, biographer of many well-known geniuses, explains that although high intelligence may be a prerequisite, the most common trait that actually defines a genius may be the extraordinary ability to apply creativity and imaginative thinking to almost any situation.

    In the early-19th century Carl von Clausewitz, who had a particular interest in what he called "military genius", defined "the essence of Genius" (German: der Genius) in terms of "a very high mental capacity for certain employments". (Full article...)
  • Image 5 The meaning of life is the concept of an individual's life, human life, or existence in general having an inherent significance or a philosophical point. There is no consensus on the specifics of such a concept, or whether the concept itself even exists in any objective sense. Thinking and discourse on the topic is sought in the English language through questions such as—but not limited to—"What is the meaning of life?", "What is the purpose of existence?", and "Why are we here?". There have been many proposed answers to these questions from many different cultural and ideological backgrounds. The search for life's meaning has produced much philosophical, scientific, theological, and metaphysical speculation throughout history. Different people and cultures believe different things for the answer to this question. Opinions vary on the usefulness of using time and resources in the pursuit of an answer. Excessive pondering can be indicative of, or lead to, an existential crisis. The meaning of life can be derived from philosophical and religious contemplation of, and scientific inquiries about, existence, social ties, consciousness, and happiness. Many other issues are also involved, such as symbolic meaning, ontology, value, purpose, ethics, good and evil, free will, the existence of one or multiple gods, conceptions of God, the soul, and the afterlife. Scientific contributions focus primarily on describing related empirical facts about the universe, exploring the context and parameters concerning the "how" of life. Science also studies and can provide recommendations for the pursuit of well-being and a related conception of morality. An alternative, humanistic approach poses the question, "What is the meaning of my life?" (Full article...)
    The meaning of life is the concept of an individual's life, human life, or existence in general having an inherent significance or a philosophical point. There is no consensus on the specifics of such a concept, or whether the concept itself even exists in any objective sense. Thinking and discourse on the topic is sought in the English language through questions such as—but not limited to—"What is the meaning of life?", "What is the purpose of existence?", and "Why are we here?". There have been many proposed answers to these questions from many different cultural and ideological backgrounds. The search for life's meaning has produced much philosophical, scientific, theological, and metaphysical speculation throughout history. Different people and cultures believe different things for the answer to this question. Opinions vary on the usefulness of using time and resources in the pursuit of an answer. Excessive pondering can be indicative of, or lead to, an existential crisis.

    The meaning of life can be derived from philosophical and religious contemplation of, and scientific inquiries about, existence, social ties, consciousness, and happiness. Many other issues are also involved, such as symbolic meaning, ontology, value, purpose, ethics, good and evil, free will, the existence of one or multiple gods, conceptions of God, the soul, and the afterlife. Scientific contributions focus primarily on describing related empirical facts about the universe, exploring the context and parameters concerning the "how" of life. Science also studies and can provide recommendations for the pursuit of well-being and a related conception of morality. An alternative, humanistic approach poses the question, "What is the meaning of my life?" (Full article...)
  • Image 6 Figure 1. Compliant bonding a gold wire (Click to enlarge view) Compliant bonding is used to connect gold wires to electrical components such as integrated circuit "chips". It was invented by Alexander Coucoulas in the 1960s. The bond is formed well below the melting point of the mating gold surfaces and is therefore referred to as a solid-state type bond. The compliant bond is formed by transmitting heat and pressure to the bond region through a relatively thick indentable or compliant medium, generally an aluminum tape (Figure 1). (Full article...)
    Figure 1. Compliant bonding a gold wire (Click to enlarge view)

    Compliant bonding is used to connect gold wires to electrical components such as integrated circuit "chips". It was invented by Alexander Coucoulas in the 1960s. The bond is formed well below the melting point of the mating gold surfaces and is therefore referred to as a solid-state type bond. The compliant bond is formed by transmitting heat and pressure to the bond region through a relatively thick indentable or compliant medium, generally an aluminum tape (Figure 1). (Full article...)
  • Image 7 An AI takeover is a hypothetical future event in which autonomous artificial intelligence systems acquire the capability to override human decision-making—through economic manipulation, infrastructure control, or direct intervention—and assume de facto governance. Possible scenarios include replacement of the entire human workforce due to automation, takeover by an artificial superintelligence (ASI), and the notion of a robot uprising. Stories of AI takeovers have been popular throughout science fiction, some commentators argue that recent advances have heightened concern about such scenarios. Some public figures such as Stephen Hawking have advocated research into precautionary measures to ensure future superintelligent machines remain under human control. (Full article...)
    An AI takeover is a hypothetical future event in which autonomous artificial intelligence systems acquire the capability to override human decision-making—through economic manipulation, infrastructure control, or direct intervention—and assume de facto governance. Possible scenarios include replacement of the entire human workforce due to automation, takeover by an artificial superintelligence (ASI), and the notion of a robot uprising.

    Stories of AI takeovers have been popular throughout science fiction, some commentators argue that recent advances have heightened concern about such scenarios. Some public figures such as Stephen Hawking have advocated research into precautionary measures to ensure future superintelligent machines remain under human control. (Full article...)
  • Image 8 A block is a defensive tactic in chess in response to an attack, consisting of interposing a piece between the opponent's attacking piece and the piece being attacked. This type of blocking will only work if the attacking piece is a type that can move linearly an indefinite number of squares such as a queen, rook, or bishop and there is at least one empty square in the line between the attacking and attacked piece. Blocking is not an option when the attacking piece is directly adjacent to the piece it is attacking, or when the attacking piece is a knight (because knights "jump over other pieces" and cannot be blocked). When an opponent's attack on a piece is blocked, the blocking piece is to some extent pinned, either relatively or absolutely, until a future move by either side allows it to be unpinned. A check on a king by an opponent's queen, rook, or bishop can sometimes be blocked by moving a piece to a square in line in between the opponent's checking piece and the checked king. The blocking piece is then absolutely pinned to the king by the attacking piece. Another type of interposing in chess can involve placing a piece between two opponent's pieces where one of those pieces is protecting the other, or they are both protecting each other. This chess tactic can be called interference. (Full article...)
    A block is a defensive tactic in chess in response to an attack, consisting of interposing a piece between the opponent's attacking piece and the piece being attacked. This type of blocking will only work if the attacking piece is a type that can move linearly an indefinite number of squares such as a queen, rook, or bishop and there is at least one empty square in the line between the attacking and attacked piece. Blocking is not an option when the attacking piece is directly adjacent to the piece it is attacking, or when the attacking piece is a knight (because knights "jump over other pieces" and cannot be blocked). When an opponent's attack on a piece is blocked, the blocking piece is to some extent pinned, either relatively or absolutely, until a future move by either side allows it to be unpinned.

    A check on a king by an opponent's queen, rook, or bishop can sometimes be blocked by moving a piece to a square in line in between the opponent's checking piece and the checked king. The blocking piece is then absolutely pinned to the king by the attacking piece.

    Another type of interposing in chess can involve placing a piece between two opponent's pieces where one of those pieces is protecting the other, or they are both protecting each other. This chess tactic can be called interference. (Full article...)
  • Image 9 The technological singularity, often simply called the singularity, is a hypothetical event in which technological growth accelerates beyond human control, producing unpredictable changes in human civilization. According to the most popular version of the singularity hypothesis, I. J. Good's intelligence explosion model of 1965, an upgradable intelligent agent could eventually enter a positive feedback loop of successive self-improvement cycles; more intelligent generations would appear more and more rapidly, causing an explosive increase in intelligence that culminates in a powerful superintelligence, far surpassing human intelligence. Some scientists, including Stephen Hawking, have expressed concern that artificial superintelligence could result in human extinction. The consequences of a technological singularity and its potential benefit or harm to the human race have been intensely debated. Prominent technologists and academics dispute the plausibility of a technological singularity and associated artificial intelligence "explosion", including Paul Allen, Jeff Hawkins, John Holland, Jaron Lanier, Steven Pinker, Theodore Modis, Gordon Moore, and Roger Penrose. One claim is that artificial intelligence growth is likely to run into decreasing returns instead of accelerating ones. Stuart J. Russell and Peter Norvig observe that in the history of technology, improvement in a particular area tends to follow an S curve: it begins with accelerating improvement, then levels off without continuing upward into a hyperbolic singularity. (Full article...)
    The technological singularity, often simply called the singularity, is a hypothetical event in which technological growth accelerates beyond human control, producing unpredictable changes in human civilization. According to the most popular version of the singularity hypothesis, I. J. Good's intelligence explosion model of 1965, an upgradable intelligent agent could eventually enter a positive feedback loop of successive self-improvement cycles; more intelligent generations would appear more and more rapidly, causing an explosive increase in intelligence that culminates in a powerful superintelligence, far surpassing human intelligence.

    Some scientists, including Stephen Hawking, have expressed concern that artificial superintelligence could result in human extinction. The consequences of a technological singularity and its potential benefit or harm to the human race have been intensely debated.

    Prominent technologists and academics dispute the plausibility of a technological singularity and associated artificial intelligence "explosion", including Paul Allen, Jeff Hawkins, John Holland, Jaron Lanier, Steven Pinker, Theodore Modis, Gordon Moore, and Roger Penrose. One claim is that artificial intelligence growth is likely to run into decreasing returns instead of accelerating ones. Stuart J. Russell and Peter Norvig observe that in the history of technology, improvement in a particular area tends to follow an S curve: it begins with accelerating improvement, then levels off without continuing upward into a hyperbolic singularity. (Full article...)
  • Image 10 Graph of human population from 10 000 BC to 2000 AD. It shows exponential rise in world population that has taken place since the end of the seventeenth century. Human overpopulation (or human population overshoot) is the idea that human populations may become too large to be sustained by their environment or resources in the long term. The topic is usually discussed in the context of world population, though it may concern individual nations, regions, and cities. Since 1804, the global living human population has increased from 1 billion to 8 billion due to medical advancements and improved agricultural productivity. Annual world population growth peaked at 2.1% in 1968 and has since dropped to 1.1%. According to the most recent United Nations' projections, the global human population is expected to reach 9.7 billion in 2050 and would peak at around 10.4 billion people in the 2080s, before decreasing, noting that fertility rates are falling worldwide. Other models agree that the population will stabilize before or after 2100. Conversely, some researchers analyzing national birth registries data from 2022 and 2023—which cover half the world's population—argue that the 2022 UN projections overestimated fertility rates by 10 to 20% and were already outdated by 2024. They suggest that the global fertility rate may have already fallen below the sub-replacement fertility level for the first time in human history and that the global population will peak at approximately 9.5 billion by 2061. The 2024 UN projections report estimated that world population would peak at 10.29 billion in 2084 and decline to 10.18 billion by 2100, which was 6% lower than the UN had estimated in 2014. Early discussions of overpopulation in English were spurred by the work of Thomas Malthus. Discussions of overpopulation follow a similar line of inquiry as Malthusianism and its Malthusian catastrophe, a hypothetical event where population exceeds agricultural capacity, causing famine or war over resources, resulting in poverty and environmental collapses. More recent discussion of overpopulation was popularized by Paul Ehrlich in his 1968 book The Population Bomb and subsequent writings. Ehrlich described overpopulation as a function of overconsumption, arguing that overpopulation should be defined by a population being unable to sustain itself without depleting non-renewable resources. The belief that global population levels will become too large to sustain is a point of contentious debate. Those who believe global human overpopulation to be a valid concern, argue that increased levels of resource consumption and pollution exceed the environment's carrying capacity, leading to population overshoot. The population overshoot hypothesis is often discussed in relation to other population concerns such as population momentum, biodiversity loss, hunger and malnutrition, resource depletion, and the overall human impact on the environment. (Full article...)
    Graph of human population from 10 000 BC to 2000 AD. It shows exponential rise in world population that has taken place since the end of the seventeenth century.

    Human overpopulation (or human population overshoot) is the idea that human populations may become too large to be sustained by their environment or resources in the long term. The topic is usually discussed in the context of world population, though it may concern individual nations, regions, and cities.

    Since 1804, the global living human population has increased from 1 billion to 8 billion due to medical advancements and improved agricultural productivity. Annual world population growth peaked at 2.1% in 1968 and has since dropped to 1.1%. According to the most recent United Nations' projections, the global human population is expected to reach 9.7 billion in 2050 and would peak at around 10.4 billion people in the 2080s, before decreasing, noting that fertility rates are falling worldwide. Other models agree that the population will stabilize before or after 2100. Conversely, some researchers analyzing national birth registries data from 2022 and 2023—which cover half the world's population—argue that the 2022 UN projections overestimated fertility rates by 10 to 20% and were already outdated by 2024. They suggest that the global fertility rate may have already fallen below the sub-replacement fertility level for the first time in human history and that the global population will peak at approximately 9.5 billion by 2061. The 2024 UN projections report estimated that world population would peak at 10.29 billion in 2084 and decline to 10.18 billion by 2100, which was 6% lower than the UN had estimated in 2014.

    Early discussions of overpopulation in English were spurred by the work of Thomas Malthus. Discussions of overpopulation follow a similar line of inquiry as Malthusianism and its Malthusian catastrophe, a hypothetical event where population exceeds agricultural capacity, causing famine or war over resources, resulting in poverty and environmental collapses. More recent discussion of overpopulation was popularized by Paul Ehrlich in his 1968 book The Population Bomb and subsequent writings. Ehrlich described overpopulation as a function of overconsumption, arguing that overpopulation should be defined by a population being unable to sustain itself without depleting non-renewable resources.

    The belief that global population levels will become too large to sustain is a point of contentious debate. Those who believe global human overpopulation to be a valid concern, argue that increased levels of resource consumption and pollution exceed the environment's carrying capacity, leading to population overshoot. The population overshoot hypothesis is often discussed in relation to other population concerns such as population momentum, biodiversity loss, hunger and malnutrition, resource depletion, and the overall human impact on the environment. (Full article...)
  • Image 11 In futures studies and the history of technology, accelerating change is the observed exponential nature of the rate of technological change in recent history, which may suggest faster and more profound change in the future and may or may not be accompanied by equally profound social and cultural change. (Full article...)
    In futures studies and the history of technology, accelerating change is the observed exponential nature of the rate of technological change in recent history, which may suggest faster and more profound change in the future and may or may not be accompanied by equally profound social and cultural change. (Full article...)
  • Image 12 A superintelligence is a hypothetical agent that possesses intelligence surpassing that of the most gifted human minds. Philosopher Nick Bostrom defines superintelligence as "any intellect that greatly exceeds the cognitive performance of humans in virtually all domains of interest". Technological researchers disagree about how likely present-day human intelligence is to be surpassed. Some argue that advances in artificial intelligence (AI) will probably result in general reasoning systems that lack human cognitive limitations. Others believe that humans will evolve or directly modify their biology to achieve radically greater intelligence. Several future study scenarios combine elements from both of these possibilities, suggesting that humans are likely to interface with computers, or upload their minds to computers, in a way that enables substantial intelligence amplification. The hypothetical creation of the first superintelligence may or may not result from an intelligence explosion or a technological singularity. Some researchers believe that superintelligence will likely follow shortly after the development of artificial general intelligence. The first generally intelligent machines are likely to immediately hold an enormous advantage in at least some forms of mental capability, including the capacity of perfect recall, a vastly superior knowledge base, and the ability to multitask in ways not possible to biological entities. Several scientists and forecasters have been arguing for prioritizing early research into the possible benefits and risks of human and machine cognitive enhancement, because of the potential social impact of such technologies. (Full article...)
    A superintelligence is a hypothetical agent that possesses intelligence surpassing that of the most gifted human minds. Philosopher Nick Bostrom defines superintelligence as "any intellect that greatly exceeds the cognitive performance of humans in virtually all domains of interest".

    Technological researchers disagree about how likely present-day human intelligence is to be surpassed. Some argue that advances in artificial intelligence (AI) will probably result in general reasoning systems that lack human cognitive limitations. Others believe that humans will evolve or directly modify their biology to achieve radically greater intelligence. Several future study scenarios combine elements from both of these possibilities, suggesting that humans are likely to interface with computers, or upload their minds to computers, in a way that enables substantial intelligence amplification. The hypothetical creation of the first superintelligence may or may not result from an intelligence explosion or a technological singularity.

    Some researchers believe that superintelligence will likely follow shortly after the development of artificial general intelligence. The first generally intelligent machines are likely to immediately hold an enormous advantage in at least some forms of mental capability, including the capacity of perfect recall, a vastly superior knowledge base, and the ability to multitask in ways not possible to biological entities.

    Several scientists and forecasters have been arguing for prioritizing early research into the possible benefits and risks of human and machine cognitive enhancement, because of the potential social impact of such technologies. (Full article...)
  • Image 13 Moore's law is an example of futurology; it is a statistical collection of past and present trends with the goal of accurately extrapolating future trends. Futures studies, futures research or futurology is the systematic, interdisciplinary and holistic study of social and technological advancement, and other environmental trends, often for the purpose of exploring how people will live and work in the future. Predictive techniques, such as forecasting, can be applied, but contemporary futures studies scholars emphasize the importance of systematically exploring alternatives. In general, it can be considered as a branch of the social sciences and an extension to the field of history. Futures studies (colloquially called "futures" by many of the field's practitioners) seeks to understand what is likely to continue and what could plausibly change. Part of the discipline thus seeks a systematic and pattern-based understanding of past and present, and to explore the possibility of future events and trends. Unlike the physical sciences where a narrower, more specified system is studied, futurology concerns a much bigger and more complex world system. The methodology and knowledge are much less proven than in natural science and social sciences like sociology and economics. There is a debate as to whether this discipline is an art or science, and it is sometimes described as pseudoscience; nevertheless, the Association of Professional Futurists was formed in 2002, developing a Foresight Competency Model in 2017, and it is now possible to study it academically, for example at the FU Berlin in their master's course. To encourage inclusive and cross-disciplinary discussions about futures studies, UNESCO declared December 2 as World Futures Day. (Full article...)
    Moore's law is an example of futurology; it is a statistical collection of past and present trends with the goal of accurately extrapolating future trends.

    Futures studies, futures research or futurology is the systematic, interdisciplinary and holistic study of social and technological advancement, and other environmental trends, often for the purpose of exploring how people will live and work in the future. Predictive techniques, such as forecasting, can be applied, but contemporary futures studies scholars emphasize the importance of systematically exploring alternatives. In general, it can be considered as a branch of the social sciences and an extension to the field of history. Futures studies (colloquially called "futures" by many of the field's practitioners) seeks to understand what is likely to continue and what could plausibly change. Part of the discipline thus seeks a systematic and pattern-based understanding of past and present, and to explore the possibility of future events and trends.

    Unlike the physical sciences where a narrower, more specified system is studied, futurology concerns a much bigger and more complex world system. The methodology and knowledge are much less proven than in natural science and social sciences like sociology and economics. There is a debate as to whether this discipline is an art or science, and it is sometimes described as pseudoscience; nevertheless, the Association of Professional Futurists was formed in 2002, developing a Foresight Competency Model in 2017, and it is now possible to study it academically, for example at the FU Berlin in their master's course. To encourage inclusive and cross-disciplinary discussions about futures studies, UNESCO declared December 2 as World Futures Day. (Full article...)
  • Image 14 Help may refer to: (Full article...)
    Help may refer to: (Full article...)
  • Image 15 Blood flow diagram of the human heart. Blue components indicate de-oxygenated blood pathways and red components indicate oxygenated blood pathways. Cardiology (from Ancient Greek καρδίᾱ (kardiā) 'heart' and -λογία (-logia) 'study') is the study of the heart. Cardiology is a branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the heart and the cardiovascular system, and it is a sub-specialty of internal medicine. The field includes medical diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease, and electrophysiology. Physicians who specialize in this field of medicine are called cardiologists. Pediatric cardiologists are pediatricians who specialize in cardiology. Physicians who specialize in cardiac surgery are called cardiothoracic surgeons or cardiac surgeons, a specialty of general surgery. (Full article...)

    Blood flow diagram of the human heart. Blue components indicate de-oxygenated blood pathways and red components indicate oxygenated blood pathways.

    Cardiology (from Ancient Greek καρδίᾱ (kardiā) 'heart' and -λογία (-logia) 'study') is the study of the heart. Cardiology is a branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the heart and the cardiovascular system, and it is a sub-specialty of internal medicine. The field includes medical diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease, and electrophysiology. Physicians who specialize in this field of medicine are called cardiologists. Pediatric cardiologists are pediatricians who specialize in cardiology. Physicians who specialize in cardiac surgery are called cardiothoracic surgeons or cardiac surgeons, a specialty of general surgery. (Full article...)
  • Image 16 The technological singularity, often simply called the singularity, is a hypothetical event in which technological growth accelerates beyond human control, producing unpredictable changes in human civilization. According to the most popular version of the singularity hypothesis, I. J. Good's intelligence explosion model of 1965, an upgradable intelligent agent could eventually enter a positive feedback loop of successive self-improvement cycles; more intelligent generations would appear more and more rapidly, causing an explosive increase in intelligence that culminates in a powerful superintelligence, far surpassing human intelligence. Some scientists, including Stephen Hawking, have expressed concern that artificial superintelligence could result in human extinction. The consequences of a technological singularity and its potential benefit or harm to the human race have been intensely debated. Prominent technologists and academics dispute the plausibility of a technological singularity and associated artificial intelligence "explosion", including Paul Allen, Jeff Hawkins, John Holland, Jaron Lanier, Steven Pinker, Theodore Modis, Gordon Moore, and Roger Penrose. One claim is that artificial intelligence growth is likely to run into decreasing returns instead of accelerating ones. Stuart J. Russell and Peter Norvig observe that in the history of technology, improvement in a particular area tends to follow an S curve: it begins with accelerating improvement, then levels off without continuing upward into a hyperbolic singularity. (Full article...)
    The technological singularity, often simply called the singularity, is a hypothetical event in which technological growth accelerates beyond human control, producing unpredictable changes in human civilization. According to the most popular version of the singularity hypothesis, I. J. Good's intelligence explosion model of 1965, an upgradable intelligent agent could eventually enter a positive feedback loop of successive self-improvement cycles; more intelligent generations would appear more and more rapidly, causing an explosive increase in intelligence that culminates in a powerful superintelligence, far surpassing human intelligence.

    Some scientists, including Stephen Hawking, have expressed concern that artificial superintelligence could result in human extinction. The consequences of a technological singularity and its potential benefit or harm to the human race have been intensely debated.

    Prominent technologists and academics dispute the plausibility of a technological singularity and associated artificial intelligence "explosion", including Paul Allen, Jeff Hawkins, John Holland, Jaron Lanier, Steven Pinker, Theodore Modis, Gordon Moore, and Roger Penrose. One claim is that artificial intelligence growth is likely to run into decreasing returns instead of accelerating ones. Stuart J. Russell and Peter Norvig observe that in the history of technology, improvement in a particular area tends to follow an S curve: it begins with accelerating improvement, then levels off without continuing upward into a hyperbolic singularity. (Full article...)
  • Image 17 Health has a variety of definitions, which have been used for different purposes over time. In general, it refers to physical and emotional well-being, especially that associated with normal functioning of the human body, absent of disease, pain (including mental pain), or injury. Health can be promoted by encouraging healthful activities, such as regular physical exercise and adequate sleep, and by reducing or avoiding unhealthful activities or situations, such as smoking or excessive stress. Some factors affecting health are due to individual choices, such as whether to engage in a high-risk behavior, while others are due to structural causes, such as whether the society is arranged in a way that makes it easier or harder for people to get necessary healthcare services. Still, other factors are beyond both individual and group choices, such as genetic disorders. (Full article...)
    Health has a variety of definitions, which have been used for different purposes over time. In general, it refers to physical and emotional well-being, especially that associated with normal functioning of the human body, absent of disease, pain (including mental pain), or injury.

    Health can be promoted by encouraging healthful activities, such as regular physical exercise and adequate sleep, and by reducing or avoiding unhealthful activities or situations, such as smoking or excessive stress. Some factors affecting health are due to individual choices, such as whether to engage in a high-risk behavior, while others are due to structural causes, such as whether the society is arranged in a way that makes it easier or harder for people to get necessary healthcare services. Still, other factors are beyond both individual and group choices, such as genetic disorders. (Full article...)
  • Image 18 Trichophyton rubrum Trichophyton is a genus of fungus, which includes the parasitic varieties that cause tinea, including athlete's foot, ringworm, jock itch, and similar infections of the nail, beard, skin and scalp. Trichophyton fungi are molds characterized by the development of both smooth-walled macro- and microconidia. Macroconidia are mostly borne laterally directly on the hyphae or on short pedicels, and are thin- or thick-walled, clavate to fusiform, and range from 4 to 8 by 8 to 50 μm in size. Macroconidia are few or absent in many species. Microconidia are spherical, pyriform to clavate or of irregular shape, and range from 2 to 3 by 2 to 4 μm in size. (Full article...)

    Trichophyton rubrum

    Trichophyton is a genus of fungus, which includes the parasitic varieties that cause tinea, including athlete's foot, ringworm, jock itch, and similar infections of the nail, beard, skin and scalp. Trichophyton fungi are molds characterized by the development of both smooth-walled macro- and microconidia. Macroconidia are mostly borne laterally directly on the hyphae or on short pedicels, and are thin- or thick-walled, clavate to fusiform, and range from 4 to 8 by 8 to 50 μm in size. Macroconidia are few or absent in many species. Microconidia are spherical, pyriform to clavate or of irregular shape, and range from 2 to 3 by 2 to 4 μm in size. (Full article...)
  • Image 19 Artificial consciousness, also known as machine consciousness, synthetic consciousness, or digital consciousness, is consciousness hypothesized to be possible for artificial intelligence. It is also the corresponding field of study, which draws insights from philosophy of mind, philosophy of artificial intelligence, cognitive science and neuroscience. The term "sentience" can be used when specifically designating ethical considerations stemming from a form of phenomenal consciousness (P-consciousness, or the ability to feel qualia). Since sentience involves the ability to experience ethically positive or negative (i.e., valenced) mental states, it may justify welfare concerns and legal protection, as with non-human animals. Some scholars believe that consciousness is generated by the interoperation of various parts of the brain; these mechanisms are labeled the neural correlates of consciousness (NCC). Some further believe that constructing a system (e.g., a computer system) that can emulate this NCC interoperation would result in a system that is conscious. Some scholars reject the possibility of artificial consciousness. (Full article...)
    Artificial consciousness, also known as machine consciousness, synthetic consciousness, or digital consciousness, is consciousness hypothesized to be possible for artificial intelligence. It is also the corresponding field of study, which draws insights from philosophy of mind, philosophy of artificial intelligence, cognitive science and neuroscience.

    The term "sentience" can be used when specifically designating ethical considerations stemming from a form of phenomenal consciousness (P-consciousness, or the ability to feel qualia). Since sentience involves the ability to experience ethically positive or negative (i.e., valenced) mental states, it may justify welfare concerns and legal protection, as with non-human animals.

    Some scholars believe that consciousness is generated by the interoperation of various parts of the brain; these mechanisms are labeled the neural correlates of consciousness (NCC). Some further believe that constructing a system (e.g., a computer system) that can emulate this NCC interoperation would result in a system that is conscious. Some scholars reject the possibility of artificial consciousness. (Full article...)
  • Image 20 A plot showing the length of software engineering tasks achievable by leading AI models with a 50% success rate; the data suggests an exponential rise. Existential risk from artificial intelligence, or AI x-risk, refers to the idea that substantial progress in artificial general intelligence (AGI) could lead to human extinction or an irreversible global catastrophe. One argument for the validity of this concern and the importance of this risk references how human beings dominate other species because the human brain possesses distinctive capabilities other animals lack. If AI were to surpass human intelligence and become superintelligent, it might become uncontrollable. Just as the fate of the mountain gorilla depends on human goodwill, the fate of humanity could depend on the actions of a future machine superintelligence. Experts disagree on whether artificial general intelligence (AGI) can achieve the capabilities needed for human extinction. Debates center on AGI's technical feasibility, the speed of self-improvement, and the effectiveness of alignment strategies. Concerns about superintelligence have been voiced by researchers including Geoffrey Hinton, Yoshua Bengio, Demis Hassabis, and Alan Turing, and AI company CEOs such as Dario Amodei (Anthropic), Sam Altman (OpenAI), and Elon Musk (xAI). In 2022, a survey of AI researchers with a 17% response rate found that the majority believed there is a 10 percent or greater chance that human inability to control AI will cause an existential catastrophe. In 2023, hundreds of AI experts and other notable figures signed a statement declaring, "Mitigating the risk of extinction from AI should be a global priority alongside other societal-scale risks such as pandemics and nuclear war". Following increased concern over AI risks, government leaders such as United Kingdom prime minister Rishi Sunak and United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres called for an increased focus on global AI regulation. Two sources of concern stem from the problems of AI control and alignment. Controlling a superintelligent machine or instilling it with human-compatible values may be difficult. Many researchers believe that a superintelligent machine would likely resist attempts to disable it or change its goals as that would prevent it from accomplishing its present goals. It would be extremely challenging to align a superintelligence with the full breadth of significant human values and constraints. In contrast, skeptics such as computer scientist Yann LeCun argue that superintelligent machines will have no desire for self-preservation. A June 2025 study showed that in some circumstances, models may break laws and disobey direct commands to prevent shutdown or replacement, even at the cost of human lives. (Full article...)
    A plot showing the length of software engineering tasks achievable by leading AI models with a 50% success rate; the data suggests an exponential rise.

    Existential risk from artificial intelligence, or AI x-risk, refers to the idea that substantial progress in artificial general intelligence (AGI) could lead to human extinction or an irreversible global catastrophe.
    One argument for the validity of this concern and the importance of this risk references how human beings dominate other species because the human brain possesses distinctive capabilities other animals lack. If AI were to surpass human intelligence and become superintelligent, it might become uncontrollable. Just as the fate of the mountain gorilla depends on human goodwill, the fate of humanity could depend on the actions of a future machine superintelligence.

    Experts disagree on whether artificial general intelligence (AGI) can achieve the capabilities needed for human extinction. Debates center on AGI's technical feasibility, the speed of self-improvement, and the effectiveness of alignment strategies. Concerns about superintelligence have been voiced by researchers including Geoffrey Hinton, Yoshua Bengio, Demis Hassabis, and Alan Turing, and AI company CEOs such as Dario Amodei (Anthropic), Sam Altman (OpenAI), and Elon Musk (xAI). In 2022, a survey of AI researchers with a 17% response rate found that the majority believed there is a 10 percent or greater chance that human inability to control AI will cause an existential catastrophe. In 2023, hundreds of AI experts and other notable figures signed a statement declaring, "Mitigating the risk of extinction from AI should be a global priority alongside other societal-scale risks such as pandemics and nuclear war". Following increased concern over AI risks, government leaders such as United Kingdom prime minister Rishi Sunak and United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres called for an increased focus on global AI regulation.

    Two sources of concern stem from the problems of AI control and alignment. Controlling a superintelligent machine or instilling it with human-compatible values may be difficult. Many researchers believe that a superintelligent machine would likely resist attempts to disable it or change its goals as that would prevent it from accomplishing its present goals. It would be extremely challenging to align a superintelligence with the full breadth of significant human values and constraints. In contrast, skeptics such as computer scientist Yann LeCun argue that superintelligent machines will have no desire for self-preservation. A June 2025 study showed that in some circumstances, models may break laws and disobey direct commands to prevent shutdown or replacement, even at the cost of human lives. (Full article...)
  • Image 21 A userscript manager, also known as a userscript engine, is a type of browser extension and augmented browsing technology that provides a user interface to run and organize userscripts. The main purpose of a userscript manager is to execute scripts on predetermined webpages as they are loaded, for example, running a userscript to modify only youtube.com pages. But, userscript managers do a lot more than execute scripts, and screen for the pages they are intended to run on. The most common operations performed by a userscript manager include installing, organizing, creating, copying, saving, deleting, and editing (including modifying webpage permissions of) userscripts. Userscript managers use metadata that is embedded in a script's source code primarily to determine the websites it should execute on and the dependencies necessary for the script to run properly. Metadata can also include information that is useful to the user such as the script's name, author, description and version number. Popular userscript managers include Tampermonkey, Greasemonkey, Violentmonkey, and Userscripts for Safari. The Gear browser for iOS has a userscript manager built in. (Full article...)
    A userscript manager, also known as a userscript engine, is a type of browser extension and augmented browsing technology that provides a user interface to run and organize userscripts. The main purpose of a userscript manager is to execute scripts on predetermined webpages as they are loaded, for example, running a userscript to modify only youtube.com pages. But, userscript managers do a lot more than execute scripts, and screen for the pages they are intended to run on. The most common operations performed by a userscript manager include installing, organizing, creating, copying, saving, deleting, and editing (including modifying webpage permissions of) userscripts.

    Userscript managers use metadata that is embedded in a script's source code primarily to determine the websites it should execute on and the dependencies necessary for the script to run properly. Metadata can also include information that is useful to the user such as the script's name, author, description and version number.

    Popular userscript managers include Tampermonkey, Greasemonkey, Violentmonkey, and Userscripts for Safari. The Gear browser for iOS has a userscript manager built in. (Full article...)
  • Image 22 Artificial general intelligence (AGI)—sometimes called human‑level intelligence AI—is a type of artificial intelligence that would match or surpass human capabilities across virtually all cognitive tasks. Some researchers argue that state‑of‑the‑art large language models (LLMs) already exhibit signs of AGI‑level capability, while others maintain that genuine AGI has not yet been achieved. Beyond AGI, artificial superintelligence (ASI) would outperform the best human abilities across every domain by a wide margin. Unlike artificial narrow intelligence (ANI), whose competence is confined to well‑defined tasks, an AGI system can generalise knowledge, transfer skills between domains, and solve novel problems without task‑specific reprogramming. The concept does not, in principle, require the system to be an autonomous agent; a static model—such as a highly capable large language model—or an embodied robot could both satisfy the definition so long as human‑level breadth and proficiency are achieved. Creating AGI is a primary goal of AI research and of companies such as OpenAI, Google, xAI, and Meta. A 2020 survey identified 72 active AGI research and development projects across 37 countries. (Full article...)
    Artificial general intelligence (AGI)—sometimes called human‑level intelligence AI—is a type of artificial intelligence that would match or surpass human capabilities across virtually all cognitive tasks.

    Some researchers argue that state‑of‑the‑art large language models (LLMs) already exhibit signs of AGI‑level capability, while others maintain that genuine AGI has not yet been achieved. Beyond AGI, artificial superintelligence (ASI) would outperform the best human abilities across every domain by a wide margin.

    Unlike artificial narrow intelligence (ANI), whose competence is confined to well‑defined tasks, an AGI system can generalise knowledge, transfer skills between domains, and solve novel problems without task‑specific reprogramming. The concept does not, in principle, require the system to be an autonomous agent; a static model—such as a highly capable large language model—or an embodied robot could both satisfy the definition so long as human‑level breadth and proficiency are achieved.

    Creating AGI is a primary goal of AI research and of companies such as OpenAI, Google, xAI, and Meta. A 2020 survey identified 72 active AGI research and development projects across 37 countries. (Full article...)
  • Image 23 Roboticists with three Mars rover robots. Front and center is the flight spare for the first Mars rover, Sojourner, which landed on Mars in 1997 as part of the Mars Pathfinder Project. On the left is a Mars Exploration Rover (MER) test vehicle that is a working sibling to Spirit and Opportunity, which landed on Mars in 2004. On the right is a test rover for the Mars Science Laboratory, which landed Curiosity on Mars in 2012. Robotics is the interdisciplinary study and practice of the design, construction, operation, and use of robots. Within mechanical engineering, robotics is the design and construction of the physical structures of robots, while in computer science, robotics focuses on robotic automation algorithms. Other disciplines contributing to robotics include electrical, control, software, information, electronic, telecommunication, computer, mechatronic, and materials engineering. The goal of most robotics is to design machines that can help and assist humans. Many robots are built to do jobs that are hazardous to people, such as finding survivors in unstable ruins, and exploring space, mines and shipwrecks. Others replace people in jobs that are boring, repetitive, or unpleasant, such as cleaning, monitoring, transporting, and assembling. Today, robotics is a rapidly growing field, as technological advances continue; researching, designing, and building new robots serve various practical purposes. A roboticist is someone who specializes in robotics. (Full article...)
    Roboticists with three Mars rover robots. Front and center is the flight spare for the first Mars rover, Sojourner, which landed on Mars in 1997 as part of the Mars Pathfinder Project. On the left is a Mars Exploration Rover (MER) test vehicle that is a working sibling to Spirit and Opportunity, which landed on Mars in 2004. On the right is a test rover for the Mars Science Laboratory, which landed Curiosity on Mars in 2012.


    Robotics is the interdisciplinary study and practice of the design, construction, operation, and use of robots.

    Within mechanical engineering, robotics is the design and construction of the physical structures of robots, while in computer science, robotics focuses on robotic automation algorithms. Other disciplines contributing to robotics include electrical, control, software, information, electronic, telecommunication, computer, mechatronic, and materials engineering.

    The goal of most robotics is to design machines that can help and assist humans. Many robots are built to do jobs that are hazardous to people, such as finding survivors in unstable ruins, and exploring space, mines and shipwrecks. Others replace people in jobs that are boring, repetitive, or unpleasant, such as cleaning, monitoring, transporting, and assembling. Today, robotics is a rapidly growing field, as technological advances continue; researching, designing, and building new robots serve various practical purposes.

    A roboticist is someone who specializes in robotics. (Full article...)
  • Image 24 Web scraping, web harvesting, or web data extraction is data scraping used for extracting data from websites. Web scraping software may directly access the World Wide Web using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol or a web browser. While web scraping can be done manually by a software user, the term typically refers to automated processes implemented using a bot or web crawler. It is a form of copying in which specific data is gathered and copied from the web, typically into a central local database or spreadsheet, for later retrieval or analysis. Scraping a web page involves fetching it and then extracting data from it. Fetching is the downloading of a page (which a browser does when a user views a page). Therefore, web crawling is a main component of web scraping, to fetch pages for later processing. Having fetched, extraction can take place. The content of a page may be parsed, searched and reformatted, and its data copied into a spreadsheet or loaded into a database. Web scrapers typically take something out of a page, to make use of it for another purpose somewhere else. An example would be finding and copying names and telephone numbers, companies and their URLs, or e-mail addresses to a list (contact scraping). As well as contact scraping, web scraping is used as a component of applications used for web indexing, web mining and data mining, online price change monitoring and price comparison, product review scraping (to watch the competition), gathering real estate listings, weather data monitoring, website change detection, research, tracking online presence and reputation, web mashup, and web data integration. Web pages are built using text-based mark-up languages (HTML and XHTML), and frequently contain a wealth of useful data in text form. However, most web pages are designed for human end-users and not for ease of automated use. As a result, specialized tools and software have been developed to facilitate the scraping of web pages. Web scraping applications include market research, price comparison, content monitoring, and more. Businesses rely on web scraping services to efficiently gather and utilize this data. (Full article...)
    Web scraping, web harvesting, or web data extraction is data scraping used for extracting data from websites. Web scraping software may directly access the World Wide Web using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol or a web browser. While web scraping can be done manually by a software user, the term typically refers to automated processes implemented using a bot or web crawler. It is a form of copying in which specific data is gathered and copied from the web, typically into a central local database or spreadsheet, for later retrieval or analysis.

    Scraping a web page involves fetching it and then extracting data from it. Fetching is the downloading of a page (which a browser does when a user views a page). Therefore, web crawling is a main component of web scraping, to fetch pages for later processing. Having fetched, extraction can take place. The content of a page may be parsed, searched and reformatted, and its data copied into a spreadsheet or loaded into a database. Web scrapers typically take something out of a page, to make use of it for another purpose somewhere else. An example would be finding and copying names and telephone numbers, companies and their URLs, or e-mail addresses to a list (contact scraping).

    As well as contact scraping, web scraping is used as a component of applications used for web indexing, web mining and data mining, online price change monitoring and price comparison, product review scraping (to watch the competition), gathering real estate listings, weather data monitoring, website change detection, research, tracking online presence and reputation, web mashup, and web data integration.

    Web pages are built using text-based mark-up languages (HTML and XHTML), and frequently contain a wealth of useful data in text form. However, most web pages are designed for human end-users and not for ease of automated use. As a result, specialized tools and software have been developed to facilitate the scraping of web pages. Web scraping applications include market research, price comparison, content monitoring, and more. Businesses rely on web scraping services to efficiently gather and utilize this data. (Full article...)
  • Image 25 Traditionally, meals have been prepared by women in a home kitchen (painting from the circle of Jean-Baptiste de Saive, 1563). A meal is an occasion that takes place at a certain time and includes consumption of food. The English names used for specific meals vary, depending on the speaker's culture, the time of day, or the size of the meal. A meal is different from a snack in that meals are generally larger, more varied, and more filling. Though they can be eaten anywhere, meals usually take place in homes, restaurants, and cafeterias. Regular meals occur on a daily basis, typically several times a day. Special meals are normally held in conjunction with celebratory or momentous occasions such as birthdays, weddings, anniversaries, funerals, and holidays. The type of food that is served or consumed at any given time depends on regional customs. Three main meals are typically eaten in the morning, early afternoon, and evening in most civilizations. Furthermore, the names of meals are often interchangeable by custom as well. Some serve dinner as the main meal at midday, with supper as the late afternoon/early evening meal, while others may call their midday meal lunch and their early evening meal supper or dinner. Except for breakfast, these names can vary from region to region or even from family to family. (Full article...)
    Traditionally, meals have been prepared by women in a home kitchen (painting from the circle of Jean-Baptiste de Saive, 1563).

    A meal is an occasion that takes place at a certain time and includes consumption of food. The English names used for specific meals vary, depending on the speaker's culture, the time of day, or the size of the meal. A meal is different from a snack in that meals are generally larger, more varied, and more filling.

    Though they can be eaten anywhere, meals usually take place in homes, restaurants, and cafeterias. Regular meals occur on a daily basis, typically several times a day. Special meals are normally held in conjunction with celebratory or momentous occasions such as birthdays, weddings, anniversaries, funerals, and holidays.

    The type of food that is served or consumed at any given time depends on regional customs. Three main meals are typically eaten in the morning, early afternoon, and evening in most civilizations. Furthermore, the names of meals are often interchangeable by custom as well. Some serve dinner as the main meal at midday, with supper as the late afternoon/early evening meal, while others may call their midday meal lunch and their early evening meal supper or dinner. Except for breakfast, these names can vary from region to region or even from family to family. (Full article...)
  • Image 1 Convair Model 118, a prototype flying car from 1947, in flight A flying car or roadable aircraft is a type of vehicle which can function both as a road vehicle and as an aircraft. As used here, this includes vehicles which drive as motorcycles when on the road. The term "flying car" is also sometimes used to include hovercars and/or VTOL personal air vehicles. Many prototypes have been built since the early 20th century, using a variety of flight technologies. Most have been designed to take off and land conventionally using a runway. Although VTOL projects are increasing, none has yet been built in more than a handful of numbers. Their appearance is often predicted by futurologists, and many concept designs have been promoted. Their failure to become a practical reality has led to the catchphrase "Where's my flying car?", as a paradigm for the failure of predicted technologies to appear. Flying cars are also a popular theme in fantasy and science fiction stories. (Full article...)
    Convair Model 118, a prototype flying car from 1947, in flight

    A flying car or roadable aircraft is a type of vehicle which can function both as a road vehicle and as an aircraft. As used here, this includes vehicles which drive as motorcycles when on the road. The term "flying car" is also sometimes used to include hovercars and/or VTOL personal air vehicles. Many prototypes have been built since the early 20th century, using a variety of flight technologies. Most have been designed to take off and land conventionally using a runway. Although VTOL projects are increasing, none has yet been built in more than a handful of numbers.

    Their appearance is often predicted by futurologists, and many concept designs have been promoted. Their failure to become a practical reality has led to the catchphrase "Where's my flying car?", as a paradigm for the failure of predicted technologies to appear. Flying cars are also a popular theme in fantasy and science fiction stories. (Full article...)
  • Image 2 Foamed aluminium In materials science, a metal foam is a material or structure consisting of a solid metal (frequently aluminium) with gas-filled pores comprising a large portion of the volume. The pores can be sealed (closed-cell foam) or interconnected (open-cell foam). The defining characteristic of metal foams is a high porosity: typically only 5–25% of the volume is the base metal. The strength of the material is due to the square–cube law. Metal foams typically retain some physical properties of their base material. Foam made from non-flammable metal remains non-flammable and can generally be recycled as the base material. Its coefficient of thermal expansion is similar while thermal conductivity is likely reduced. (Full article...)
    Foamed aluminium

    In materials science, a metal foam is a material or structure consisting of a solid metal (frequently aluminium) with gas-filled pores comprising a large portion of the volume. The pores can be sealed (closed-cell foam) or interconnected (open-cell foam). The defining characteristic of metal foams is a high porosity: typically only 5–25% of the volume is the base metal. The strength of the material is due to the square–cube law.

    Metal foams typically retain some physical properties of their base material. Foam made from non-flammable metal remains non-flammable and can generally be recycled as the base material. Its coefficient of thermal expansion is similar while thermal conductivity is likely reduced. (Full article...)
  • Image 3 Flat-screen television receivers on display for sale at a consumer electronics store in 2008 Television (TV) is a telecommunication medium for transmitting moving images and sound. Additionally, the term can refer to a physical television set rather than the medium of transmission. Television is a mass medium for advertising, entertainment, news, and sports. The medium is capable of more than "radio broadcasting", which refers to an audio signal sent to radio receivers. Television became available in crude experimental forms in the 1920s, but only after several years of further development was the new technology marketed to consumers. After World War II, an improved form of black-and-white television broadcasting became popular in the United Kingdom and the United States, and television sets became commonplace in homes, businesses, and institutions. During the 1950s, television was the primary medium for influencing public opinion. In the mid-1960s, color broadcasting was introduced in the U.S. and most other developed countries. (Full article...)
    Flat-screen television receivers on display for sale at a consumer electronics store in 2008


    Television (TV) is a telecommunication medium for transmitting moving images and sound. Additionally, the term can refer to a physical television set rather than the medium of transmission. Television is a mass medium for advertising, entertainment, news, and sports. The medium is capable of more than "radio broadcasting", which refers to an audio signal sent to radio receivers.

    Television became available in crude experimental forms in the 1920s, but only after several years of further development was the new technology marketed to consumers. After World War II, an improved form of black-and-white television broadcasting became popular in the United Kingdom and the United States, and television sets became commonplace in homes, businesses, and institutions. During the 1950s, television was the primary medium for influencing public opinion. In the mid-1960s, color broadcasting was introduced in the U.S. and most other developed countries. (Full article...)
  • Image 4 NASA G2 flywheel Flywheel energy storage (FES) works by spinning a rotor (flywheel) and maintaining the energy in the system as rotational energy. When energy is extracted from the system, the flywheel's rotational speed is reduced as a consequence of the principle of conservation of energy; adding energy to the system correspondingly results in an increase in the speed of the flywheel. While some systems use low mass/high speed rotors, other use very massive rotors eg 200 tonnes and correspondingly much lower rotational speeds, referred to as grid-scale flywheel energy storage. Most FES systems use electricity to accelerate and decelerate the flywheel, but devices that directly use mechanical energy are being developed.[why?] (Full article...)
    NASA G2 flywheel

    Flywheel energy storage (FES) works by spinning a rotor (flywheel) and maintaining the energy in the system as rotational energy. When energy is extracted from the system, the flywheel's rotational speed is reduced as a consequence of the principle of conservation of energy; adding energy to the system correspondingly results in an increase in the speed of the flywheel. While some systems use low mass/high speed rotors, other use very massive rotors eg 200 tonnes and correspondingly much lower rotational speeds, referred to as grid-scale flywheel energy storage.

    Most FES systems use electricity to accelerate and decelerate the flywheel, but devices that directly use mechanical energy are being developed.[why?] (Full article...)
  • Image 5 Civic technology, or civic tech, is the idea of using technology to enhance the relationship between people and government with software for communications, decision-making, service delivery, and political process. It includes information and communications technology supporting government with software built by community-led teams of volunteers, nonprofits, consultants, and private companies as well as embedded tech teams working within government. (Full article...)
    Civic technology, or civic tech, is the idea of using technology to enhance the relationship between people and government with software for communications, decision-making, service delivery, and political process. It includes information and communications technology supporting government with software built by community-led teams of volunteers, nonprofits, consultants, and private companies as well as embedded tech teams working within government. (Full article...)
  • Image 6 Metamaterial cloaking is the usage of metamaterials in an invisibility cloak. This is accomplished by manipulating the paths traversed by light through a novel optical material. Metamaterials direct and control the propagation and transmission of specified parts of the light spectrum and demonstrate the potential to render an object seemingly invisible. Metamaterial cloaking, based on transformation optics, describes the process of shielding something from view by controlling electromagnetic radiation. Objects in the defined location are still present, but incident waves are guided around them without being affected by the object itself. (Full article...)
    Metamaterial cloaking is the usage of metamaterials in an invisibility cloak. This is accomplished by manipulating the paths traversed by light through a novel optical material. Metamaterials direct and control the propagation and transmission of specified parts of the light spectrum and demonstrate the potential to render an object seemingly invisible. Metamaterial cloaking, based on transformation optics, describes the process of shielding something from view by controlling electromagnetic radiation. Objects in the defined location are still present, but incident waves are guided around them without being affected by the object itself. (Full article...)
  • Image 7 Aurora XV-24 LightningStrike UAV In aeronautics, Distributed propulsion is an arrangement in which the propulsive and related air flows are distributed over the aerodynamic surfaces of an aircraft. The purpose is to improve the craft's aerodynamic, propulsive and/or structural efficiency over an equivalent conventional design. Anticipated benefits include improved fuel efficiency, emissions, noise, landing field length and handling. (Full article...)
    Aurora XV-24 LightningStrike UAV


    In aeronautics, Distributed propulsion is an arrangement in which the propulsive and related air flows are distributed over the aerodynamic surfaces of an aircraft. The purpose is to improve the craft's aerodynamic, propulsive and/or structural efficiency over an equivalent conventional design.

    Anticipated benefits include improved fuel efficiency, emissions, noise, landing field length and handling. (Full article...)
  • Image 8 A modern round consists of the following: 1. Bullet, as the projectile; 2. Cartridge case, which holds all parts together; 3. Propellant, for example, gunpowder or cordite; 4. Rim, which allows the firearm's extractor to grip the casing to remove it from the chamber; 5. Primer, which ignites the propellant A cartridge, also known as a round, is a type of pre-assembled firearm ammunition packaging a projectile (bullet, shot, or slug), a propellant substance (smokeless powder, black powder substitute, or black powder) and an ignition device (primer or percussion cap) within a metallic, paper, or plastic case that is precisely made to fit within the barrel chamber of a breechloading gun, for convenient transportation and handling during shooting. Although in popular usage the term "bullet" is often used to refer to a complete cartridge, the correct usage only refers to the projectile. Military and commercial producers continue to pursue the goal of caseless ammunition. Some artillery ammunition uses the same cartridge concept as found in small arms. In other cases, the artillery shell is separate from the propellant charge. (Full article...)
    A modern round consists of the following:
    1. Bullet, as the projectile;
    2. Cartridge case, which holds all parts together;
    3. Propellant, for example, gunpowder or cordite;
    4. Rim, which allows the firearm's extractor to grip the casing to remove it from the chamber;
    5. Primer, which ignites the propellant


    A cartridge, also known as a round, is a type of pre-assembled firearm ammunition packaging a projectile (bullet, shot, or slug), a propellant substance (smokeless powder, black powder substitute, or black powder) and an ignition device (primer or percussion cap) within a metallic, paper, or plastic case that is precisely made to fit within the barrel chamber of a breechloading gun, for convenient transportation and handling during shooting. Although in popular usage the term "bullet" is often used to refer to a complete cartridge, the correct usage only refers to the projectile.

    Military and commercial producers continue to pursue the goal of caseless ammunition. Some artillery ammunition uses the same cartridge concept as found in small arms. In other cases, the artillery shell is separate from the propellant charge. (Full article...)
  • Image 9 Logo Ethereum is a decentralized blockchain with smart contract functionality. Ether (abbreviation: ETH) is the native cryptocurrency of the platform. Among cryptocurrencies, ether is second only to bitcoin in market capitalization. It is open-source software. Ethereum was conceived in 2013 by programmer Vitalik Buterin. Other founders include Gavin Wood, Charles Hoskinson, Anthony Di Iorio, and Joseph Lubin. In 2014, development work began and was crowdfunded, and the network went live on 30 July 2015. Ethereum allows anyone to deploy decentralized applications onto it, which anyone can then use. Decentralized finance (DeFi) applications provide financial instruments that do not directly rely on financial intermediaries like brokerages, exchanges, or banks. This facilitates borrowing against cryptocurrency holdings or lending them out for interest. Ethereum allows users to create fungible (e.g. ERC-20) and non-fungible tokens (NFTs) with a variety of properties, and to create smart contracts that can receive, hold and send those assets in accordance with the contract's immutable code and a transaction's input data. (Full article...)

    Logo

    Ethereum is a decentralized blockchain with smart contract functionality. Ether (abbreviation: ETH) is the native cryptocurrency of the platform. Among cryptocurrencies, ether is second only to bitcoin in market capitalization. It is open-source software.

    Ethereum was conceived in 2013 by programmer Vitalik Buterin. Other founders include Gavin Wood, Charles Hoskinson, Anthony Di Iorio, and Joseph Lubin. In 2014, development work began and was crowdfunded, and the network went live on 30 July 2015. Ethereum allows anyone to deploy decentralized applications onto it, which anyone can then use. Decentralized finance (DeFi) applications provide financial instruments that do not directly rely on financial intermediaries like brokerages, exchanges, or banks. This facilitates borrowing against cryptocurrency holdings or lending them out for interest. Ethereum allows users to create fungible (e.g. ERC-20) and non-fungible tokens (NFTs) with a variety of properties, and to create smart contracts that can receive, hold and send those assets in accordance with the contract's immutable code and a transaction's input data. (Full article...)
  • Image 10 Hypothetical technologies are technologies that do not exist yet, but that could exist in the future. They are distinct from emerging technologies, which have achieved some developmental success. Emerging technologies as of 2018 include 3-D metal printing and artificial embryos. Many hypothetical technologies have been the subject of science fiction. The criteria for this list are that the technology: (Full article...)
    Hypothetical technologies are technologies that do not exist yet, but that could exist in the future. They are distinct from emerging technologies, which have achieved some developmental success. Emerging technologies as of 2018 include 3-D metal printing and artificial embryos. Many hypothetical technologies have been the subject of science fiction.

    The criteria for this list are that the technology: (Full article...)
  • Image 11 Genetic pollution is a term for uncontrolled gene flow into wild populations. It is defined as "the dispersal of contaminated altered genes from genetically engineered organisms to natural organisms, esp. by cross-pollination", but has come to be used in some broader ways. It is related to the population genetics concept of gene flow, and genetic rescue, which is genetic material intentionally introduced to increase the fitness of a population. It is called genetic pollution when it negatively impacts the fitness of a population, such as through outbreeding depression and the introduction of unwanted phenotypes which can lead to extinction. Conservation biologists and conservationists have used the term to describe gene flow from domestic, feral, and non-native species into wild indigenous species, which they consider undesirable. They promote awareness of the effects of introduced invasive species that may "hybridize with native species, causing genetic pollution". In the fields of agriculture, agroforestry and animal husbandry, genetic pollution is used to describe gene flows between genetically engineered species and wild relatives. The use of the word "pollution" is meant to convey the idea that mixing genetic information is bad for the environment, but because the mixing of genetic information can lead to a variety of outcomes, "pollution" may not always be the most accurate descriptor. (Full article...)
    Genetic pollution is a term for uncontrolled gene flow into wild populations. It is defined as "the dispersal of contaminated altered genes from genetically engineered organisms to natural organisms, esp. by cross-pollination", but has come to be used in some broader ways. It is related to the population genetics concept of gene flow, and genetic rescue, which is genetic material intentionally introduced to increase the fitness of a population. It is called genetic pollution when it negatively impacts the fitness of a population, such as through outbreeding depression and the introduction of unwanted phenotypes which can lead to extinction.

    Conservation biologists and conservationists have used the term to describe gene flow from domestic, feral, and non-native species into wild indigenous species, which they consider undesirable. They promote awareness of the effects of introduced invasive species that may "hybridize with native species, causing genetic pollution". In the fields of agriculture, agroforestry and animal husbandry, genetic pollution is used to describe gene flows between genetically engineered species and wild relatives. The use of the word "pollution" is meant to convey the idea that mixing genetic information is bad for the environment, but because the mixing of genetic information can lead to a variety of outcomes, "pollution" may not always be the most accurate descriptor. (Full article...)
  • Image 12 Wastewater (or waste water) is water generated after the use of drinking water, fresh water, raw water, or saline water in a variety of deliberate applications or processes. Another definition of wastewater is "Used water from any combination of domestic, industrial, commercial or agricultural activities, surface runoff / storm water, and any sewer infiltration or sewer inflow". In everyday usage, wastewater is commonly a synonym for sewage (also called domestic wastewater or municipal wastewater), which is wastewater that is produced by a community of people. As a generic term, wastewater may also describe water containing contaminants accumulated in other settings, such as: (Full article...)
    Wastewater (or waste water) is water generated after the use of drinking water, fresh water, raw water, or saline water in a variety of deliberate applications or processes. Another definition of wastewater is "Used water from any combination of domestic, industrial, commercial or agricultural activities, surface runoff / storm water, and any sewer infiltration or sewer inflow". In everyday usage, wastewater is commonly a synonym for sewage (also called domestic wastewater or municipal wastewater), which is wastewater that is produced by a community of people.

    As a generic term, wastewater may also describe water containing contaminants accumulated in other settings, such as: (Full article...)
  • Image 13 Duke Hospital PRT A hovertrain is a type of high-speed train that replaces conventional steel wheels with hovercraft lift pads, and the conventional railway bed with a paved road-like surface, known as the track or guideway. The concept aims to eliminate rolling resistance and allow very high performance, while also simplifying the infrastructure needed to lay new lines. Hovertrain is a generic term, and the vehicles are more commonly referred to by their project names where they were developed. In the UK they are known as tracked hovercraft, in the US they are tracked air-cushion vehicles. The first hovertrain was developed by Jean Bertin in the early 1960s in France, where they were marketed as the Aérotrain before being abandoned by the French government. (Full article...)
    Duke Hospital PRT

    A hovertrain is a type of high-speed train that replaces conventional steel wheels with hovercraft lift pads, and the conventional railway bed with a paved road-like surface, known as the track or guideway. The concept aims to eliminate rolling resistance and allow very high performance, while also simplifying the infrastructure needed to lay new lines. Hovertrain is a generic term, and the vehicles are more commonly referred to by their project names where they were developed. In the UK they are known as tracked hovercraft, in the US they are tracked air-cushion vehicles. The first hovertrain was developed by Jean Bertin in the early 1960s in France, where they were marketed as the Aérotrain before being abandoned by the French government. (Full article...)
  • Image 14 The Fox News Channel (FNC), commonly known as Fox News, is an American multinational conservative news and political commentary television channel and website based in New York City. It is owned by Fox News Media, which itself is owned by Fox Corporation. It is the most-watched cable news network in the U.S., and as of 2023 it generates approximately 70% of its parent company's pre-tax profit. The channel broadcasts primarily from studios at 1211 Avenue of the Americas in Midtown Manhattan. Fox News provides service to 86 countries and territories, with international broadcasts featuring Fox Extra segments during advertising breaks. The channel was created by Australian-born American media mogul Rupert Murdoch in 1996 to appeal to a conservative audience, hiring former Republican media consultant and CNBC executive Roger Ailes as its founding CEO. It launched on October 7, 1996, to 17-million cable subscribers. Fox News grew during the late 1990s and 2000s to become the dominant United States cable news subscription network. By September 2018, 87-million U.S. households (91% of television subscribers) could receive Fox News. In 2019, it was the top-rated cable network, averaging 2.5-million viewers in prime time. Murdoch, the executive chairman since 2016, said in 2023 that he would step down and hand responsibilities to his son, Lachlan. Suzanne Scott has been the CEO since 2018. (Full article...)

    The Fox News Channel (FNC), commonly known as Fox News, is an American multinational conservative news and political commentary television channel and website based in New York City. It is owned by Fox News Media, which itself is owned by Fox Corporation. It is the most-watched cable news network in the U.S., and as of 2023 it generates approximately 70% of its parent company's pre-tax profit. The channel broadcasts primarily from studios at 1211 Avenue of the Americas in Midtown Manhattan. Fox News provides service to 86 countries and territories, with international broadcasts featuring Fox Extra segments during advertising breaks.

    The channel was created by Australian-born American media mogul Rupert Murdoch in 1996 to appeal to a conservative audience, hiring former Republican media consultant and CNBC executive Roger Ailes as its founding CEO. It launched on October 7, 1996, to 17-million cable subscribers. Fox News grew during the late 1990s and 2000s to become the dominant United States cable news subscription network. By September 2018, 87-million U.S. households (91% of television subscribers) could receive Fox News. In 2019, it was the top-rated cable network, averaging 2.5-million viewers in prime time. Murdoch, the executive chairman since 2016, said in 2023 that he would step down and hand responsibilities to his son, Lachlan. Suzanne Scott has been the CEO since 2018. (Full article...)
  • Image 15 WW1 Mark V tank, in The Tank Museum An armoured fighting vehicle (British English) or armored fighting vehicle (American English) (AFV) is an armed combat vehicle protected by armour, generally combining operational mobility with offensive and defensive capabilities. AFVs can be wheeled or tracked. Examples of AFVs are tanks, armoured cars, assault guns, self-propelled artilleries, infantry fighting vehicles (IFV), and armoured personnel carriers (APC). Armoured fighting vehicles are classified according to their characteristics and intended role on the battlefield. The classifications are not absolute; two countries may classify the same vehicle differently, and the criteria change over time. For example, relatively lightly armed armoured personnel carriers were largely superseded by infantry fighting vehicles with much heavier armament in a similar role. (Full article...)
    WW1 Mark V tank, in The Tank Museum

    An armoured fighting vehicle (British English) or armored fighting vehicle (American English) (AFV) is an armed combat vehicle protected by armour, generally combining operational mobility with offensive and defensive capabilities. AFVs can be wheeled or tracked. Examples of AFVs are tanks, armoured cars, assault guns, self-propelled artilleries, infantry fighting vehicles (IFV), and armoured personnel carriers (APC).

    Armoured fighting vehicles are classified according to their characteristics and intended role on the battlefield. The classifications are not absolute; two countries may classify the same vehicle differently, and the criteria change over time. For example, relatively lightly armed armoured personnel carriers were largely superseded by infantry fighting vehicles with much heavier armament in a similar role. (Full article...)
  • Image 16 3D optical data storage is any form of optical data storage in which information can be recorded or read with three-dimensional resolution (as opposed to the two-dimensional resolution afforded, for example, by CD). (Full article...)
    3D optical data storage is any form of optical data storage in which information can be recorded or read with three-dimensional resolution (as opposed to the two-dimensional resolution afforded, for example, by CD). (Full article...)
  • Image 17 A payment is the tender of something of value, such as money or its equivalent, by one party (such as a person or company) to another in exchange for goods or services provided by them, or to fulfill a legal obligation or philanthropy desire. The party making the payment is commonly called the payer, while the payee is the party receiving the payment. Whilst payments are often made voluntarily, some payments are compulsory, such as payment of a fine. Payments can be effected in a number of ways, for example: the use of money, whether through cash, cheque, mobile payment or bank transfers. the transfer of anything of value, such as stock, or using barter, the exchange of one good or service for another. (Full article...)
    A payment is the tender of something of value, such as money or its equivalent, by one party (such as a person or company) to another in exchange for goods or services provided by them, or to fulfill a legal obligation or philanthropy desire. The party making the payment is commonly called the payer, while the payee is the party receiving the payment. Whilst payments are often made voluntarily, some payments are compulsory, such as payment of a fine.

    Payments can be effected in a number of ways, for example: (Full article...)
  • Image 18 Phase-change memory (also known as PCM, PCME, PRAM, PCRAM, OUM (ovonic unified memory) and C-RAM or CRAM (chalcogenide RAM)) is a type of non-volatile random-access memory. PRAMs exploit the unique behaviour of chalcogenide glass. In PCM, heat produced by the passage of an electric current through a heating element generally made of titanium nitride is used to either quickly heat and quench the glass, making it amorphous, or to hold it in its crystallization temperature range for some time, thereby switching it to a crystalline state. PCM also has the ability to achieve a number of distinct intermediary states, thereby having the ability to hold multiple bits in a single cell. Recent research on PCM has been directed towards attempting to find viable material alternatives to the phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST), with mixed success. Other research has focused on the development of a GeTe–Sb2Te3 superlattice to achieve non-thermal phase changes by changing the co-ordination state of the germanium atoms with a laser pulse. This new Interfacial Phase-Change Memory (IPCM) has had many successes and continues to be the site of much active research. (Full article...)
    Phase-change memory (also known as PCM, PCME, PRAM, PCRAM, OUM (ovonic unified memory) and C-RAM or CRAM (chalcogenide RAM)) is a type of non-volatile random-access memory. PRAMs exploit the unique behaviour of chalcogenide glass. In PCM, heat produced by the passage of an electric current through a heating element generally made of titanium nitride is used to either quickly heat and quench the glass, making it amorphous, or to hold it in its crystallization temperature range for some time, thereby switching it to a crystalline state. PCM also has the ability to achieve a number of distinct intermediary states, thereby having the ability to hold multiple bits in a single cell.

    Recent research on PCM has been directed towards attempting to find viable material alternatives to the phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST), with mixed success. Other research has focused on the development of a GeTe–Sb2Te3 superlattice to achieve non-thermal phase changes by changing the co-ordination state of the germanium atoms with a laser pulse. This new Interfacial Phase-Change Memory (IPCM) has had many successes and continues to be the site of much active research. (Full article...)
  • Image 19 Some examples for 5D optical data storage discs. The blared areas are the actual zone of the data volume. 5D optical data storage is an experimental nanostructured glass for permanently recording digital data using a femtosecond laser writing process. It is also branded as Superman memory crystal, in reference to the Kryptonian memory crystals from the Superman franchise. Discs using this technology could be capable of storing up to 360 terabytes worth of data (at the largest size, 12 cm discs) for billions of years. The concept was experimentally demonstrated in 2013. Hitachi and Microsoft have researched glass-based optical storage techniques, the latter under the name Project Silica. The "5-dimensional" descriptor is because, unlike marking only on the surface of a 2D piece of paper or magnetic tape, this method of encoding uses two optical dimensions and three spatial co-ordinates to write throughout the material, which suggested the name '5D data crystal'. No exotic higher dimensional properties are involved. The size, orientation and three-dimensional position of the nanostructures comprise the so-called five dimensions. (Full article...)
    Some examples for 5D optical data storage discs. The blared areas are the actual zone of the data volume.


    5D optical data storage is an experimental nanostructured glass for permanently recording digital data using a femtosecond laser writing process. It is also branded as Superman memory crystal, in reference to the Kryptonian memory crystals from the Superman franchise. Discs using this technology could be capable of storing up to 360 terabytes worth of data (at the largest size, 12 cm discs) for billions of years. The concept was experimentally demonstrated in 2013. Hitachi and Microsoft have researched glass-based optical storage techniques, the latter under the name Project Silica.

    The "5-dimensional" descriptor is because, unlike marking only on the surface of a 2D piece of paper or magnetic tape, this method of encoding uses two optical dimensions and three spatial co-ordinates to write throughout the material, which suggested the name '5D data crystal'. No exotic higher dimensional properties are involved. The size, orientation and three-dimensional position of the nanostructures comprise the so-called five dimensions. (Full article...)
  • Image 20 Pallets of 155 mm artillery shells containing "HD" (mustard gas) at Pueblo Depot Activity (PUDA) chemical weapons storage facility A chemical weapon (CW) is a specialized munition that uses chemicals formulated to inflict death or harm on humans. According to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), this can be any chemical compound intended as a weapon "or its precursor that can cause death, injury, temporary incapacitation or sensory irritation through its chemical action. Munitions or other delivery devices designed to deliver chemical weapons, whether filled or unfilled, are also considered weapons themselves." Chemical weapons are classified as weapons of mass destruction (WMD), though they are distinct from nuclear weapons, biological weapons, and radiological weapons. All may be used in warfare and are known by the military acronym NBC (for nuclear, biological, and chemical warfare). Weapons of mass destruction are distinct from conventional weapons, which are primarily effective due to their explosive, kinetic, or incendiary potential. Chemical weapons can be widely dispersed in gas, liquid and solid forms, and may easily afflict others than the intended targets. Nerve gas, tear gas, and pepper spray are three modern examples of chemical weapons. (Full article...)


    Pallets of 155 mm artillery shells containing "HD" (mustard gas) at Pueblo Depot Activity (PUDA) chemical weapons storage facility

    A chemical weapon (CW) is a specialized munition that uses chemicals formulated to inflict death or harm on humans. According to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), this can be any chemical compound intended as a weapon "or its precursor that can cause death, injury, temporary incapacitation or sensory irritation through its chemical action. Munitions or other delivery devices designed to deliver chemical weapons, whether filled or unfilled, are also considered weapons themselves."

    Chemical weapons are classified as weapons of mass destruction (WMD), though they are distinct from nuclear weapons, biological weapons, and radiological weapons. All may be used in warfare and are known by the military acronym NBC (for nuclear, biological, and chemical warfare). Weapons of mass destruction are distinct from conventional weapons, which are primarily effective due to their explosive, kinetic, or incendiary potential. Chemical weapons can be widely dispersed in gas, liquid and solid forms, and may easily afflict others than the intended targets. Nerve gas, tear gas, and pepper spray are three modern examples of chemical weapons. (Full article...)
  • Image 21 Artificial intelligence (AI) is the capability of computational systems to perform tasks typically associated with human intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and decision-making. It is a field of research in computer science that develops and studies methods and software that enable machines to perceive their environment and use learning and intelligence to take actions that maximize their chances of achieving defined goals. High-profile applications of AI include advanced web search engines (e.g., Google Search); recommendation systems (used by YouTube, Amazon, and Netflix); virtual assistants (e.g., Google Assistant, Siri, and Alexa); autonomous vehicles (e.g., Waymo); generative and creative tools (e.g., language models and AI art); and superhuman play and analysis in strategy games (e.g., chess and Go). However, many AI applications are not perceived as AI: "A lot of cutting edge AI has filtered into general applications, often without being called AI because once something becomes useful enough and common enough it's not labeled AI anymore." (Full article...)
    Artificial intelligence (AI) is the capability of computational systems to perform tasks typically associated with human intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and decision-making. It is a field of research in computer science that develops and studies methods and software that enable machines to perceive their environment and use learning and intelligence to take actions that maximize their chances of achieving defined goals.


    High-profile applications of AI include advanced web search engines (e.g., Google Search); recommendation systems (used by YouTube, Amazon, and Netflix); virtual assistants (e.g., Google Assistant, Siri, and Alexa); autonomous vehicles (e.g., Waymo); generative and creative tools (e.g., language models and AI art); and superhuman play and analysis in strategy games (e.g., chess and Go). However, many AI applications are not perceived as AI: "A lot of cutting edge AI has filtered into general applications, often without being called AI because once something becomes useful enough and common enough it's not labeled AI anymore." (Full article...)
  • Image 22 A man using an augmented reality headset to view a life-size virtual model of a building Augmented reality (AR), also known as mixed reality (MR), is a technology that overlays real-time 3D-rendered computer graphics onto a portion of the real world through a display, such as a handheld device or head-mounted display. This experience is seamlessly interwoven with the physical world such that it is perceived as an immersive aspect of the real environment. In this way, augmented reality alters one's ongoing perception of a real-world environment, compared to virtual reality, which aims to completely replace the user's real-world environment with a simulated one. Augmented reality is typically visual, but can span multiple sensory modalities, including auditory, haptic, and somatosensory. The primary value of augmented reality is the manner in which components of a digital world blend into a person's perception of the real world, through the integration of immersive sensations, which are perceived as real in the user's environment. The earliest functional AR systems that provided immersive mixed reality experiences for users were invented in the early 1990s, starting with the Virtual Fixtures system developed at the U.S. Air Force's Armstrong Laboratory in 1992. Commercial augmented reality experiences were first introduced in entertainment and gaming businesses. Subsequently, augmented reality applications have spanned industries such as education, communications, medicine, and entertainment. (Full article...)
    A man using an augmented reality headset to view a life-size virtual model of a building

    Augmented reality (AR), also known as mixed reality (MR), is a technology that overlays real-time 3D-rendered computer graphics onto a portion of the real world through a display, such as a handheld device or head-mounted display. This experience is seamlessly interwoven with the physical world such that it is perceived as an immersive aspect of the real environment. In this way, augmented reality alters one's ongoing perception of a real-world environment, compared to virtual reality, which aims to completely replace the user's real-world environment with a simulated one. Augmented reality is typically visual, but can span multiple sensory modalities, including auditory, haptic, and somatosensory.

    The primary value of augmented reality is the manner in which components of a digital world blend into a person's perception of the real world, through the integration of immersive sensations, which are perceived as real in the user's environment. The earliest functional AR systems that provided immersive mixed reality experiences for users were invented in the early 1990s, starting with the Virtual Fixtures system developed at the U.S. Air Force's Armstrong Laboratory in 1992. Commercial augmented reality experiences were first introduced in entertainment and gaming businesses. Subsequently, augmented reality applications have spanned industries such as education, communications, medicine, and entertainment. (Full article...)
  • Image 23 A ribosome is a biological machine based upon nanoscale protein domain dynamics, leading Richard Feynman to suggest a medical use for nanotechnology. Such motions can only now be seen by neutron spin echo spectroscopy. Nanomedicine is the medical application of nanotechnology, translating historic nanoscience insights and inventions into practical application. Nanomedicine ranges from the medical applications of nanomaterials and biological devices, to nanoelectronic biosensors, and even possible future applications of molecular nanotechnology such as biological machines. Current problems for nanomedicine involve understanding the issues related to toxicity and environmental impact of nanoscale materials (materials whose structure is on the scale of nanometers, i.e. billionths of a meter). Functionalities can be added to nanomaterials by interfacing them with biological molecules or structures. The size of nanomaterials is similar to that of most biological molecules and structures; therefore, nanomaterials can be useful for both in vivo and in vitro biomedical research and applications. Thus far, the integration of nanomaterials with biology has led to the development of diagnostic devices, contrast agents, analytical tools, physical therapy applications, and drug delivery vehicles. (Full article...)
    A ribosome is a biological machine based upon nanoscale protein domain dynamics,
    leading Richard Feynman to suggest a medical use for nanotechnology. Such motions can only now be seen by neutron spin echo spectroscopy.


    Nanomedicine is the medical application of nanotechnology, translating historic nanoscience insights and inventions into practical application. Nanomedicine ranges from the medical applications of nanomaterials and biological devices, to nanoelectronic biosensors, and even possible future applications of molecular nanotechnology such as biological machines. Current problems for nanomedicine involve understanding the issues related to toxicity and environmental impact of nanoscale materials (materials whose structure is on the scale of nanometers, i.e. billionths of a meter).
    Functionalities can be added to nanomaterials by interfacing them with biological molecules or structures. The size of nanomaterials is similar to that of most biological molecules and structures; therefore, nanomaterials can be useful for both in vivo and in vitro biomedical research and applications. Thus far, the integration of nanomaterials with biology has led to the development of diagnostic devices, contrast agents, analytical tools, physical therapy applications, and drug delivery vehicles. (Full article...)
  • Image 24 Working principle of lithium-sulfur battery and "shuttle" effect The lithium–sulfur battery (Li–S battery) is a type of rechargeable battery. It is notable for its high specific energy. The low atomic weight of lithium and moderate atomic weight of sulfur means that Li–S batteries are relatively light (about the density of water). Lithium–sulfur batteries could displace lithium-ion cells because of their higher energy density and lower cost. The use of metallic lithium instead of intercalating lithium ions allows for much higher energy density, as less substances are needed to hold "lithium" and lithium is directly oxidized. Li–S batteries have a high theoretical specific energy (≈2600 Wh/kg for the Li/S redox chemistry), but practical cell-level specific energies in pouch-cell formats are typically ~300–450 Wh/kg today; values above ~400 Wh/kg generally require high sulfur loading, lean-electrolyte operation, and limited excess lithium. (Full article...)

    Working principle of lithium-sulfur battery and "shuttle" effect

    The lithium–sulfur battery (Li–S battery) is a type of rechargeable battery. It is notable for its high specific energy. The low atomic weight of lithium and moderate atomic weight of sulfur means that Li–S batteries are relatively light (about the density of water).

    Lithium–sulfur batteries could displace lithium-ion cells because of their higher energy density and lower cost. The use of metallic lithium instead of intercalating lithium ions allows for much higher energy density, as less substances are needed to hold "lithium" and lithium is directly oxidized. Li–S batteries have a high theoretical specific energy (≈2600 Wh/kg for the Li/S redox chemistry), but practical cell-level specific energies in pouch-cell formats are typically ~300–450 Wh/kg today; values above ~400 Wh/kg generally require high sulfur loading, lean-electrolyte operation, and limited excess lithium. (Full article...)
  • Image 25 A remaining section of the Aérotrain track near Saran 2006 The Aérotrain was an experimental Tracked Air Cushion Vehicle (TACV), or hovertrain, developed in France from 1965 to 1977 under the engineering leadership of Jean Bertin (1917–1975) – and intended to bring the French rail network to the cutting edge of land-based public transportation. Though similar to a maglev design, which levitates a train car over a complex electromagnetic track to eliminate all resistance other than aerodynamic drag, the Aérotrain – also a "train without wheels" – rode on an air cushion over a simple reinforced concrete track or guideway and could travel at the speed of a maglev train, without the further technical complexity and expense of its track. In many respects, the entire concept resembled a product of the aircraft rather than rail industry. (Full article...)
    A remaining section of the Aérotrain track near Saran 2006


    The Aérotrain was an experimental Tracked Air Cushion Vehicle
    (TACV), or hovertrain, developed in France from 1965 to 1977 under the engineering leadership of Jean Bertin (1917–1975) – and intended to bring the French rail network to the cutting edge of land-based public transportation.

    Though similar to a maglev design, which levitates a train car over a complex electromagnetic track to eliminate all resistance other than aerodynamic drag, the Aérotrain – also a "train without wheels" – rode on an air cushion over a simple reinforced concrete track or guideway and could travel at the speed of a maglev train, without the further technical complexity and expense of its track. In many respects, the entire concept resembled a product of the aircraft rather than rail industry. (Full article...)

Did you know...

  • ... that the author of The Space-Time Painter considers the review bombing against it to be reasonable?
  • ... that 3.5% of a country's population can potentially change its government?
  • ... that the metaverse has been described as "a honeypot trap for architecture astronauts"?
  • ... that Fu Wuji's Fuhou gujin zhu includes information on a diverse range of topics, from astrological signs to the dimensions of imperial tombs?
  • ... that the expansion of glaciers created two distinct forms of Aquilegia confusa, with individual populations better adapted to different elevations?
  • ... that the injuries Anthony W. Case suffered in a school shooting led him to give up baseball and turn to astrophysics as a career?
  • ... that King Faisal Street, one of the main thoroughfares in downtown Amman, has been used as a public space for national events and celebrations?
  • ... that five percent of Barbados's population turned out to protest the death of Milton King in Cape Town police custody?
  • ... that to celebrate the 25th anniversary of Duster's Stratosphere, a vinyl copy of the album was launched into space?
  • ... that Leik Myrabo invented a laser-propelled type of spacecraft?
  • ... that there was a doomsday cult named after Neo from The Matrix?
  • ... that many Muslims in Gaza reportedly celebrate Christmas with the Christian population, despite being officially forbidden to do so since 2020?
  • ... that the 1962 space-age pop album Latin-esque was recorded with halves of the orchestra separated by almost a city block to heighten its stereo effects?
  • ... that Sculpture Space lets artists create large-scale works in a former metalworking shop?

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Selected images that captured my attention

Trump news tracker

26 November 2025 – South Africa–United States relations, 2026 G20 Doral summit, South African farm attacks
U.S. president Donald Trump announces that South Africa will not be invited to the 2026 G20 summit in Doral, Florida, and that U.S. payments and subsidies to the country will cease, citing South Africa's refusal to transfer G20 hosting responsibilities to a U.S. embassy representative at the 2025 Johannesburg summit and criticizing its treatment of Afrikaners, among other reasons. (AP via Arab News)
22 November 2025 – Belarus–Ukraine relations, Belarus–United States relations
Belarusian president Alexander Lukashenko pardons 31 Ukrainian citizens convicted of criminal offences in Belarusian territory in accordance with agreements reached between Lukashenko and United States president Donald Trump. (Reuters)
21 November 2025 – Russo-Ukrainian war
U.S. president Donald Trump gives Ukraine a deadline of November 27 to accept the peace proposal, or the U.S. will end all weapons shipments and military intelligence support. Russian president Vladimir Putin confirms he has formally received the proposal from the U.S. (BBC News)
19 November 2025 – Epstein Files Transparency Act
United States president Donald Trump enacts a bill ordering the release of more information about Jeffrey Epstein's case, a day after Congress passed the bill. (Al Jazeera)
18 November 2025 – Saudi Arabia–United States relations
U.S. president Donald Trump announces the designation of Saudi Arabia as a major non-NATO ally. (AFP via The Economic Times)
12 November 2025 – 2025 United States federal government shutdown
A bill passes through Congress and is signed by president Donald Trump, ending the longest government shutdown in American history at 43 days. (BBC News)
10 November 2025 – 2020 United States presidential election
United States president Donald Trump grants pardons to 77 people, including political allies who are accused of electoral fraud-related charges from the 2020 presidential election, including several who have pled guilty. (NPR)
4 November 2025 – 2025 United States federal government shutdown
The U.S. federal government shutdown becomes the longest shutdown in American history following a failed 14th vote by the U.S. Senate, surpassing the 2018–2019 shutdown that occurred during President Donald Trump's first term. (CBS News)
2 November 2025 – Nigeria–United States relations, Boko Haram insurgency
The Nigerian government says that it welcomes assistance from the United States to combat Islamic terrorism, but adds that its sovereignty must be respected, in response to U.S. president Donald Trump threatening military action to protect Christians from persecution. (Reuters)
30 October 2025 – China–United States relations
United States president Donald Trump meets Chinese leader Xi Jinping in Busan, South Korea, on the sidelines of the APEC summit in Gyeongju, agreeing to lower tariffs on China in return for lower rare earth trade curbs. (CNA)
25 October 2025 – Canada–United States trade relations
U.S. president Donald Trump announces that he will raise U.S. tariffs on Canada by 10% in retaliation for an anti-tariff advertisement sponsored by the Ontario government. (The Guardian)
23 October 2025 – 2025 United States trade war with Canada and Mexico, Canada–United States trade relations
U.S. president Donald Trump announces all trade negotiations with Canada are "terminated" following an advertisement featuring former U.S. president Ronald Reagan released by the government of Ontario. (CBC)

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Wikipedia newsfeed

27 November 2025 – Russo-Ukrainian war
Crimea attacks
2022 Crimean Bridge explosion
A court in Russia sentences eight people with terrorism charges to life imprisonment after a truck bomb attack on the Crimean Bridge in Crimea killed five people in October 2022. (MSN)
27 November 2025 – Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Three policemen are killed in a shooting attack by unknown militants with assault rifles on a roadside police checkpoint in Hangu District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. (ABC News)
27 November 2025 – Cyclone Senyar, 2025 Thailand–Malaysia floods
The death toll from flooding in Songkhla province, Thailand rises to 104. (Thai Post)
Flooding in Indonesia's Sumatra island kills 49 people, leaves 67 others missing and submerges over 2,000 buildings, with many of the worst affected areas still unreachable a day after Seynar's landfall. (The Independent)
27 November 2025 – Cyclone Ditwah
More than 40 people are killed and 21 others are missing after landslides caused by heavy rains hit Sri Lanka, mainly between Badulla and Nuwara Eliya. (AP)
27 November 2025 –
Eleven people are killed and two more injured in Kunming, China, when a train hits a group of railway maintenance workers. (Al Jazeera)
27 November 2025 – Australia-Iran relations, 2024 Iranian operations inside Australia
Australia lists Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) as a state sponsor of terrorism due to the 2024 Iranian operations inside Australia. (ABC)
26 November 2025 – Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Israeli occupation of the West Bank
The Israeli military announces a "broad counterterrorism operation" in the northern Samaria area in the West Bank. (DW)
26 November 2025 –
A drone strike is carried out at the Khor Mor gas field in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq, causing major power cuts across the northern Kurdistan Region. (Reuters)
26 November 2025 – Holy See–Lebanon relations, Holy See–Turkey relations
Visit by Pope Leo XIV to Turkey and Lebanon
Pope Leo XIV begins his first papal trip, first to İznik and Nicaea in Turkey, then to Bkerké, the Monastery of Saint Maron, and the Port of Beirut in Lebanon. The trip will include an ecumenical commemoration of the 1,700th anniversary of the First Council of Nicaea and a mass in honor of the victims of the 2020 Beirut explosion. (AP) (Vatican News)
26 November 2025 – Economy of Ukraine
Economic impact of the Russo-Ukrainian war
The International Monetary Fund announces a staff-level agreement with Ukraine on a proposed Extended Fund Facility worth more than US$8 billion, outlining fiscal and monetary policies intended to support macroeconomic stability, debt sustainability, and external financing amid the ongoing war with Russia. (AFP via CTV News)
26 November 2025 – 2025 Tai Po apartment fire
A fire at a housing estate in Tai Po, Hong Kong, leaves at least 83 people dead, dozens injured, and 300 more missing. Police arrest three men for suspected manslaughter in the fire. (AFP via The Business Times) (Reuters)
26 November 2025 – Cyclone Senyar, 2025 Thailand–Malaysia floods
The death toll from the floods in southern Thailand increases to 33 people. (Reuters)
26 November 2025 –
Eleven people are killed when a UV Express van collides with a truck in Camalig, Albay, Philippines. (Manila Bulletin)
Five people are killed in an explosion at a weapons depot in Idlib Governorate, Syria. (AFP via Arab News)
26 November 2025 – Cyprus–Lebanon relations
Cyprus and Lebanon sign a long-delayed maritime boundary agreement. (AP via ABC News)
26 November 2025 – Dominican Republic–United States relations, War on drugs, 2025 United States naval deployment in the Caribbean
The Dominican Republic permits the United States to use the Las Américas International Airport in Punta Caucedo, Santo Domingo, and the San Isidro Air Base to support Operation Southern Spear targeting alleged drug traffickers linked by the U.S. to Venezuelan authorities. (AFP via France 24)
26 November 2025 – Foreign relations of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Foreign relations of Hungary
Bosnian defence minister Zukan Helez denies approval for Hungarian foreign minister Péter Szijjártó to land his military aircraft in Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, citing Hungary's support for former Srpska president Milorad Dodik, whom Helez accuses of undermining Bosnia and Herzegovina's sovereignty. (Reuters)
26 November 2025 – South Africa–United States relations, 2026 G20 Doral summit, South African farm attacks
U.S. president Donald Trump announces that South Africa will not be invited to the 2026 G20 summit in Doral, Florida, and that U.S. payments and subsidies to the country will cease, citing South Africa's refusal to transfer G20 hosting responsibilities to a U.S. embassy representative at the 2025 Johannesburg summit and criticizing its treatment of Afrikaners, among other reasons. (AP via Arab News)
26 November 2025 – 2025 deployment of federal forces in the United States
2025 Washington, D.C. National Guard shooting
Two members of the National Guard are shot and critically wounded in Washington, D.C., United States. The perpetrator, who is also wounded, is arrested. (AFP via France 24)
26 November 2025 – Corruption in Peru
A Peruvian court sentences former president Martín Vizcarra to 14 years in prison for accepting bribes from construction companies while serving as governor of Moquegua between 2011 and 2014. (AFP via TRT Afrika)
26 November 2025 – Murders of Yuna and Minu Jo
Justice Geoffrey Venning of New Zealand's High Court sentences 45-year-old mother Hakyung Lee to life imprisonment with a minimum non-parole period of 17 years after convicting Lee of murdering her two children in 2018. (DW)
26 November 2025 – Myanmar protests
The Tatmadaw grants amnesty to over 3,000 political prisoners, drops charges of over 5,500 others, and grants conditional release to 724 prisoners ahead of the general election in December. (AP)
26 November 2025 –
Georgia's Tbilisi Appeal Court sentences opposition leader Nika Melia to an additional 18 months in prison for contempt of court after he threw water at a judge during a hearing, adding to the eight-month term he has been serving since May for refusing to appear at a parliamentary inquiry. (Reuters)
26 November 2025 – 2025 Guinea-Bissau coup d'état, 2025 Guinea-Bissau general election
Bissau-Guinean president Umaro Sissoco Embaló is detained following a coup d'état one day before provisional election results were expected to be released. (BBC News) (Jeune Afrique in French)
26 November 2025 – Kidnapping in Nigeria, Religious violence in Nigeria
Nigerian president Bola Tinubu declares a nationwide security emergency and orders the recruitment of 20,000 additional police officers and the deployment of specialised units in response to recent killings and kidnappings. (AFP via TRT World)
26 November 2025 – Women's rights in Italy
The Italian parliament approves a bill to punish femicide with life imprisonment. (AP)
26 November 2025 – Chess World Cup 2025
Javokhir Sindarov of Uzbekistan wins the Chess World Cup, at the age of 19, becoming the youngest player to win the event. (FIDE)
25 November 2025 – Russo–Ukrainian war
Kyiv strikes, Attacks in Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine
Seven people in Kyiv, Ukraine, and three more in Rostov-on-Don, Russia, are killed as both countries launches airstrikes at each other. Several more people are wounded in both countries. (Al Jazeera) (The Guardian)
25 November 2025 – Afghanistan–Pakistan clashes
Afghanistan says nine children and a woman were killed when a civilian home was hit by a Pakistani airstrike in Khost, Afghanistan. (Al Jazeera)
25 November 2025 – War in Darfur
Médecins Sans Frontières withdraws its staff from a hospital in central Darfur, Sudan, after a stretcher bearer is shot dead and several others are injured, stating that it will not resume operations unless the Rapid Support Forces guarantee the safety of its personnel and patients. (Reuters)
25 November 2025 – Polygamy in Christianity
Pope Leo XIV approves a decree affirming the Catholic Church's rejection of polygamous and polyamorous marriages. (Reuters)
25 November 2025 – Insurance in Australia
The Australian Federal Court fines United Super, the Cbus pension fund's trustee, A$23.5 million (US$15.2 million) for systemic failures that caused extensive delays in processing death and disability insurance claims affecting over 7,000 members. (Reuters)
25 November 2025 –
A Let L-410UVP operating as Nari Air Flight 114 and chartered by Samaritan's Purse crashes in Unity State, South Sudan, killing all three crew members while en route from Juba with two tonnes of food aid for flood-displaced communities. (Reuters)
The Hayli Gubbi volcano in the Afar Region of Ethiopia erupts, sending ash plumes across Oman and Yemen, and prompts flight cancellations in northern India. (DW) (AP)
25 November 2025 – Food security in Nigeria, Islamic extremism in Northern Nigeria
The World Food Programme reports that escalating instability in northern Nigeria is increasing acute food insecurity to record levels, with nearly 35 million people projected to face hunger in 2026 as the agency exhausts its funding by December. (Reuters)
25 November 2025 – Moldova–Russia relations, Violations of non-combatant airspace during the Russo-Ukrainian war
Moldova reports that six Russian drones entered its airspace, including one that came down on a residential roof near Florești and another that crossed into Moldova before continuing toward Romania. (Reuters)
25 November 2025 – Arrest of Jair Bolsonaro
Former Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro starts his 27-year sentence for leading a coup plot. (AP)
25 November 2025 – Counter-terrorism in Singapore
Singapore orders Meta and TikTok to block local access to the social media accounts of an Australian man whose posts advocate replacing Singapore's secular system with an Islamic state and seek to cause communal tensions and influence elections. (Reuters)
25 November 2025 – Killing of Lisa from Abcoude
A court in Amsterdam, Netherlands, begins the trial of an illegal migrant from Nigeria who murdered a 17-year-old girl in Duivendrecht. (NOS in Dutch)
25 November 2025 – LGBTQ rights in the European Union, Same-sex union legislation
The European Court of Justice rules for all European Union member states to recognize same-sex marriage and not discriminate against same-sex couples. The ruling does not force individual countries to legalize same-sex marriages. (DW)
25 November 2025 –
Two wanted gunmen, identified as "extremist" brothers, are killed and three security forces are wounded in a shootout in Ar-Ramtha, Jordan. (Sada News)
25 November 2025 – 2026 Ugandan general election
Ugandan opposition party National Unity Platform says security forces have detained more than 300 supporters and officials since presidential candidate Bobi Wine began campaigning, while police report several arrests linked to clashes at Wine's rallies. (Reuters)
25 November 2025 – Chinese space program
The Shenzhou 22 spacecraft enters orbit after China conducts its first emergency space launch to restore a safe return option for the three astronauts aboard the Tiangong space station following damage to the Shenzhou 20 return capsule earlier in November. The uncrewed spacecraft, launched on a Long March 2F rocket, carries replacement parts and supplies and aims to return the current crew to Earth in 2026. (Reuters)
24 November 2025 – Gaza war
Gaza peace plan
The United States and the Israel-backed Gaza Humanitarian Foundation announce it will permanently wind down operations, after closing its distribution sites six weeks ago. (AP)
24 November 2025 – Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
2025 Federal Constabulary headquarters attack
A Jamaat-ul-Ahrar suicide bomber blows himself up outside the Federal Constabulary headquarters in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, killing three people and wounding two others. Two more armed attackers attempt to enter the camp and open fire, wounding nine other people, before being killed in a shootout. (Dawn)
24 November 2025 – Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Israeli forces kill a Palestinian militant that killed two Kfir Brigade soldiers during a vehicle-ramming attack in May 2024 and arrest several others in Nablus, West Bank. (The Jerusalem Post)
24 November 2025 – Moro conflict
Seven militants, including a field commander of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), are killed in an encounter in Cotabato, Philippines, involving MILF factions caught in a clan feud. (PNA via Manila Bulletin)
24 November 2025 – Western DR Congo clashes
At least 14 people are killed in conflict between rival ethnic militias in Kwamouth, Mai-Ndombe Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. (AP)
24 November 2025 – Yemeni civil war
At least seven people are killed, including two attackers, and two others are injured in a mass shooting when unidentified gunmen opened fire on the governor of Taiz's motorcade on a road linking the southwestern city to the rest of Yemen. (MSN)
24 November 2025 –
Seven people are killed and more than 30 others are injured after two private buses collided head-on in Tenkasi district, Tamil Nadu, India. (The Independent) (The Hindu)
Five people are killed and 13 others are injured after a bus carrying pilgrims overturns and plunges into a gorge in Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India. (The Indian Express)
Two climbers are killed after falling from a ridge on Aoraki / Mount Cook in New Zealand during a guided ascent. (Reuters)
24 November 2025 – Myanmar–United States relations
The United States announces the end of temporary protected status for approximately 4,000 Myanmar nationals in January 2026, with the Department of Homeland Security citing changes in Myanmar's political and security climate, particularly the upcoming election, for the policy change. (Reuters)
24 November 2025 – United States–Venezuela relations, War on drugs
The United States formally declares Cartel of the Suns, an umbrella designation for Venezuelan Armed Forces officials allegedly involved in the drug trade, as a Foreign Terrorist Organization. (AP via KUOW)
24 November 2025 – Arrest of Jair Bolsonaro
A panel of Brazil's Supreme Federal Court upholds an order to keep former president Jair Bolsonaro in police custody after he allegedly tampered with his ankle monitor while appealing a 27-year prison sentence for plotting a coup. (Reuters)
24 November 2025 – Capital punishment in Sri Lanka
A court in Embilipitiya, Sabaragamuwa Province, Sri Lanka, sentences ten people, including three women, to death for the murder of a man in October 2011. Sri Lanka has an unofficial moratorium in place, with the last execution taking place in 1976. (OnLanka) (Mirror Sri Lanka)
24 November 2025 – Prosecution of James Comey, Prosecution of Letitia James
Judge Cameron McGowan Currie rules that the appointment of Lindsey Halligan as U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia was illegal, dismissing the indictments against James Comey and Letitia James without prejudice. (NBC News)
24 November 2025 –
One person is killed and ten others are injured when a man rammed a stolen car into pedestrians in Tokyo, Japan. The perpetrator is arrested by police at the scene. (The Independent) (AP)
24 November 2025 – 2025 Egyptian parliamentary election
Egyptians vote in the second round to elect parliament members after the National Elections Authority annulled votes in 19 of the 70 constituencies due to various violations. (AP)
24 November 2025 – India–Israel relations
The Israeli government approves a plan jointly-coordinated with the Indian government to admit 5,800 members of the India-based Bnei Menashe ethnic group to Israel under Aliyah laws and will settle them to the Galilee region. (DW)
24 November 2025 – Pauline Hanson's burqa incidents
The Australian Senate censures and suspends Queensland senator Pauline Hanson for a week after she wore a burqa in the chamber to push for a burqa ban in Australia. (AFP via CBS News)
24 November 2025 –
Unions in Belgium begin a three-day general strike across the country to protest Prime Minister Bart de Wever's government of "social dismantling" through budget cuts in their savings program. (DW)
23 November 2025 – Israel–Hezbollah conflict
November 2025 Israeli attack in Beirut
Israel carries out an airstrike on a building in Beirut, Lebanon, killing five Hezbollah militants and injuring 28 others. Hezbollah military chief Haytham Ali Tabatabai is confirmed among the fatalities. (Al Jazeera)
23 November 2025 – 2025 massacres of Syrian Alawites
Sectarian violence erupts in the Homs area of Syria, targeting the Alawite population. (SOHR) (The Independent) (The National)
23 November 2025 – International Paderewski Piano Competition
South Korean pianist Roh Hyunjin wins the 13th International Piano Competition held at the Pomeranian Philharmonic in Bydgoszcz, Kuyavia–Pomerania, Poland. (Portal Kujawski)
23 November 2025 –
The death toll from the floods in central Vietnam a week ago increases to 90 people. (AP)
The long-dormant Hayli Gubbi volcano erupts in the Afar Region of Ethiopia for the first time in nearly 12,000 years, sending ash plumes across the Red Sea towards Oman and Yemen, and causing flight disruptions across the Arabian Peninsula and South Asia. (AP)
23 November 2025 – 2026 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Australia–Turkey relations
Australia and Turkey confirm an agreement for Turkey to host the 2026 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP31) in Antalya, with Australia leading the conference's negotiation process and the Asia–Pacific Group convening a pre-COP31 meeting focused on climate-related vulnerabilities. (Reuters)
23 November 2025 – Slender Man stabbing
Police detain stabbing convict Morgan Geyser in Posen, Illinois, United States, after he removed his monitoring device and fled a supervised group home in Wisconsin. Geyser is returned to Wisconsin custody. (BBC News) (Reuters)
23 November 2025 – 2025 Guinea-Bissau general election
Guinea-Bissauans vote for a president, with incumbent Umaro Sissoco Embaló seeking a second term. (AP)
23 November 2025 – 2025 Republika Srpska presidential election
Citizens of Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, vote for a president to replace Milorad Dodik, who was removed by the court in June. Preliminary results show that Dodik's ally, Siniša Karan of SNSD, will defeat Branko Blanuša of SDS with 50.89% of the votes. (Al Jazeera)
23 November 2025 – 2025 Slovenian assisted dying referendum
Slovenians reject a referendum on a law that proposed legalising assisted dying for some terminally ill adults with 53.44% voting against. (Reuters)
23 November 2025 – 2025 in sumo
Ukrainian sekiwake Aonishiki Arata defeats Mongolian yokozuna Hōshōryū Tomokatsu in the playoff to become the first Ukrainian wrestler to win the Honbasho. (AFP via France 24)
22 November 2025 – Gaza war
Twenty-four Palestinians are killed in a series of Israeli airstrikes in the Gaza Strip, including five in a vehicle in Gaza City and four children in the Nuseirat refugee camp. (Al Jazeera)
22 November 2025 – Israel–Hezbollah conflict
A person is killed in an Israeli airstrike on a car in Zawtar al-Sharqiyah, Lebanon, while several more attacks are carried out across Kafr Rumman. (Al Jazeera)
22 November 2025 – 2025 European drone sightings
The Dutch defence ministry says the military opened fire at drones over Volkel Air Base, but that no wreckage was recovered. (AP)
22 November 2025 –
Five people are killed and 34 injured after a vehicle carrying passengers from Kano to Maiduguri en route to Lagos, Nigeria, collides head-on with a truck in Niger State. (Premium Times)
22 November 2025 – Belarus–Ukraine relations, Belarus–United States relations
Belarusian president Alexander Lukashenko pardons 31 Ukrainian citizens convicted of criminal offences in Belarusian territory in accordance with agreements reached between Lukashenko and United States president Donald Trump. (Reuters)
22 November 2025 – 2022–2023 Brazilian coup plot, Arrest of Jair Bolsonaro
Days before the start of his 27-year sentence, former Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro is taken into preemptive custody due to a ruling by Supreme Court justice Alexandre de Moraes that Bolsonaro violated his house arrest by damaging his ankle monitor. (AP)
22 November 2025 – 2025 Kyrgyz parliamentary election
Kyrgyz law enforcement conducts arrests, searches, and interrogations of journalists and opposition figures, including former first lady Raisa Atambayeva and several former legislators allied with former president Almazbek Atambayev, in an investigation into alleged calls for mass unrest ahead of the November 30 snap election. (Reuters)
21 November 2025 – Russo-Ukrainian war
Kupiansk offensive
Russian Chief of the General Staff Valery Gerasimov announces that Russian forces have captured the city of Kupiansk, the administrative centre of Kupiansk Raion, Kharkiv Oblast. The Ukrainian military denies the statement. (Reuters)
Peace negotiations in the Russo-Ukrainian war, United States and the Russian invasion of Ukraine
The United States outlines a new 28-point peace proposal to end the war in Ukraine, including a casus foederis guarantee for Ukraine and the cession of Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine to Russia. (Axios)
U.S. president Donald Trump gives Ukraine a deadline of November 27 to accept the peace proposal, or the U.S. will end all weapons shipments and military intelligence support. Russian president Vladimir Putin confirms he has formally received the proposal from the U.S. (BBC News)
Zaporizhzhia strikes
Five people are killed and three others are injured in a Russian glide bomb strike on a high-rise apartment block in Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine. (Euronews)
21 November 2025 – Gaza war
Israeli incursions in the West Bank during the Gaza war
Two Palestinian teenagers, aged 16 and 18, are killed by Israeli soldiers during a raid in East Jerusalem, in the West Bank. (Al Jazeera)
21 November 2025 – Kidnapping in Nigeria, Religious violence in Nigeria
2025 Niger State school kidnapping
One person is shot, and 315 people, including 12 teachers and 303 schoolchildren, are abducted in an attack on a Catholic school in Agwara, Niger State, Nigeria. (BBC News)
21 November 2025 – Miss Universe 2025
Fátima Bosch of Mexico is crowned Miss Universe in Nonthaburi, Thailand, becoming the fourth Mexican woman to win the title. (ABS-CBN News)
21 November 2025 – 2025 Bangladesh earthquake
A Mw 5.5 earthquake strikes central Bangladesh, killing ten people and wounding over 350 more. (AA) (Jamuna Television)
21 November 2025 – 2025 HAL Tejas Dubai Airshow crash
An Indian Air Force HAL Tejas crashes at the Dubai Airshow in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, killing the pilot. (AP)
21 November 2025 –
At least 18 people are killed and 21 others injured in an explosion at a glue factory in Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. (AP) (Al Jazeera)
Jamaica declares a leptospirosis outbreak after Hurricane Melissa, with health minister Christopher Tufton reporting nine confirmed cases, 28 suspected cases, and six suspected deaths linked to flood-related exposure to contaminated water. (Reuters)
21 November 2025 – Flood control projects scandal in the Philippines
The Philippine Sandiganbayan issues arrest warrants for former representative Zaldy Co and 17 others, including government engineers and construction executives, over alleged irregularities in a ₱289 million (US$5.87 million) flood control project in Oriental Mindoro. (AP)
21 November 2025 – Peruvian political crisis
2022 Peruvian self-coup attempt
A Peruvian Supreme Court judge orders the arrest and five-month preventive detention of former prime minister Betssy Chávez, who is under asylum at the Mexican embassy and is being prosecuted for alleged seditious conspiracy in connection with former president Pedro Castillo's attempt to dissolve Congress. (Reuters)
21 November 2025 –
High Court judge Bobbie Cheema-Grubb sentences former Welsh MEP Nathan Gill to 10 and a half years in prison after he pleaded guilty to accepting bribes from ex-Ukrainian lawmaker Oleh Voloshyn to promote pro-Russian positions in the European Parliament. (AP)
20 November 2025 – Gaza war
Five Palestinians are killed in two Israeli attacks in Khan Yunis in the Gaza Strip. (Reuters)
Israeli forces and tanks move 300 m (980 ft) beyond the Yellow Line in Gaza City, violating the ceasefire. (Al Jazeera)
20 November 2025 – Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Two police officers are killed and four more injured after a bomb explodes near their armoured personnel carrier in Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. (Pakistan Today)
20 November 2025 –
Frida Kahlo's 1940 self-portrait El sueño (La cama) sells for US$54.66 million at Sotheby's in New York City, United States, setting a auction record for the most expensive painting by a woman, surpassing the previous high set by Georgia O'Keeffe's Jimson Weed. (AFP via France 24)
American telecommunications company Verizon announces it will lay off over 13,000 employees, nearly 20% of its management workforce, in a restructuring. (AP)
Two trains collide near České Budějovice, Czech Republic, injuring at least 57 people, including five seriously. (Euronews) (AP)
Sixteen people are killed and 24 are injured when a tourist bus plunges off a bridge into a river in Santuk district, Kampong Thom province, Cambodia. (Xinhua)
The toll from the floods and landslides in Vietnam since the last four days increases to 41 people killed and nine missing. (Al Jazeera)
The toll from the landslides in Cilacap Regency, Indonesia, seven days ago, increases to 18 people killed and 34 others missing. (AP)
20 November 2025 – 2025 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Brazil–Germany relations
At COP30, Brazilian environment minister Marina Silva announces that Germany has committed to donate €1 billion (US$1.15 billion) towards Brazil's rainforest blended-finance mechanism over the next decade. (DW)
The conference is temporarily suspended after a fire breaks out at the venue. (BBC News)
20 November 2025 –
At least 170 mountain climbers are evacuated when Mount Semeru on Java, Indonesia, suddenly erupts. (AP)
20 November 2025 – Belarus–Lithuania relations, Belarus–European Union border crisis
Lithuania reopens its Medininkai and Šalčininkai border checkpoints with Belarus after closing them over security concerns involving weather balloons used for smuggling. (TVP World)
20 November 2025 – 2025 Nepalese Gen Z protests
Clashes erupt across Nepal between supporters of ousted prime minister K. P. Sharma Oli and supporters of interim prime minister Sushila Karki. A curfew is imposed in various districts. (NDTV)
20 November 2025 – Human trafficking in the Philippines
A Philippine regional trial court sentences former de facto Bamban mayor Alice Guo to life imprisonment after finding her guilty of human trafficking for a scam center in her town. (Bloomberg) (BBC News)
20 November 2025 – Insurgency in Southeastern Nigeria
A Nigerian court sentences Biafran separatist Nnamdi Kanu to life imprisonment on seven terrorism charges over his leadership of the Indigenous People of Biafra militant group. (AP)
20 November 2025 –
Bulgarian law enforcement arrests 35 people linked to a transnational network accused of trafficking cultural goods, with authorities reporting large seizures of artifacts, antique firearms, vehicles, and safes during coordinated raids with Europol and Eurojust. (Reuters)
Spain's Supreme Court sentences Attorney General Álvaro García Ortiz to two years of disqualification and a fine for revealing secrets about a tax fraud case involving Madrid president Isabel Díaz Ayuso's partner. (RTVE)
20 November 2025 – 2025 Tongan general election
Tongans vote to elect 26 of the 30 members of the Legislative Assembly. Members of the country's nobility elect nine representatives, while the rest of the voting population elect 17 MPs. (RNZ)
20 November 2025 –
Brazilian president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva appoints Attorney General Jorge Messias to the Supreme Federal Court to fill the seat that retired justice Luís Roberto Barroso vacated, pending Senate confirmation. (Reuters)
19 November 2025 – Middle Eastern crisis
Gaza war
Israeli bombing of the Gaza Strip
At least 28 Palestinians are killed and 77 more are injured in a series of Israeli airstrikes in Gaza City and Khan Yunis in the Gaza Strip after Israel accused Hamas of firing at Israeli troops. (Al Jazeera) (Reuters)
Israel–Hezbollah conflict
One person is killed in an Israeli airstrike attack against a vehicle in Bint Jbeil, Lebanon. Several students are also wounded on a bus passing in the area. (Al Jazeera)
19 November 2025 – Russo-Ukrainian war
Russian attacks on civilians in the Russo-Ukrainian war
2025 Ternopil apartment strike
Dozens of people are killed in a series of Russian missile and drone strikes across Ukraine, including 31 people killed and more than 100 others injured in a ballistic missile strike on a nine-story residential building in Ternopil. Many more remain missing with search and rescue operations underway. (Reuters) (Al Jazeera) (The Kyiv Independent)
19 November 2025 – Rojava conflict
Two Syrian soldiers are killed in a shootout with Syrian Democratic Forces militants in Raqqa. (Reuters)
19 November 2025 – Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Twenty-three Pakistani Taliban militants are killed in two army raids in Kurram District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. (AP)
19 November 2025 – Islamist insurgency in Niger
At least 10 Niger Armed Forces soldiers are killed in an attack by Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal-Muslimin in Garbougna, Tillabéri Region, Niger. (MSN)
19 November 2025 – Religious violence in Nigeria
Gunmen target a church in Eruku, Kwara state, Nigeria, killing two people and kidnapping the pastor and some worshippers. (Reuters)
19 November 2025 – 2025 National Book Awards
At the 76th National Book Awards, Rabih Alameddine wins the Fiction prize for his novel The True Story of Raja the Gullible (and His Mother), while Omar El Akkad wins the Nonfiction prize for his book One Day, Everyone Will Have Always Been Against This about the Gaza war. (NPR)
19 November 2025 – 2025 Ōita fire
One person is killed and another injured in a large-scale fire in Ōita, Japan. At least 170 homes are damaged and another 260 households remain without electricity. (NPR)
19 November 2025 –
Sixty-four people are missing when a barge capsizes on the Sankuru River in Kasaï Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. (AP)
Cambodian conservation groups release two captive-bred greater adjutants into the Siem Pang Wildlife Sanctuary for the first time, fitting them with GPS trackers as part of efforts to restore the species' wild population. (Reuters)
A suspected outbreak of tuberculosis kills ten inmates at a prison in Guayaquil, Ecuador. (Reuters)
19 November 2025 – Foreign relations of Iran, Foreign relations of the Marshall Islands
Iran releases a Marshall Islands-flagged tanker and its 21 crew after seizing it without explanation last Friday in the Strait of Hormuz. (AP)
19 November 2025 – Russia–United Kingdom relations
Russian Navy spy ship Yantar uses lasers to disrupt Royal Air Force aircraft monitoring the vessel in the North Sea for the first time. The ship was being followed by a Royal Navy frigate with Poseidon P-8 planes deployed to track its movements. (BBC News)
19 November 2025 – Epstein Files Transparency Act
United States president Donald Trump enacts a bill ordering the release of more information about Jeffrey Epstein's case, a day after Congress passed the bill. (Al Jazeera)
19 November 2025 – Human trafficking in Myanmar, Trafficking of Chinese nationals to scam centers abroad
The Tatmadaw conducts a raid on the scam center compound in Shwe Kokko, Myawaddy District, Myanmar, and detains 346 foreigners and confiscates nearly 10,000 mobile devices. (AP)
19 November 2025 – Koldo Case
Spain's Supreme Court orders the provisional release of former Socialist Party official Santos Cerdán, who is under investigation for alleged involvement in a criminal organization, bribery, and influence peddling in public works contracting, stating that the risk of evidence tampering has been reduced. The court requires him to surrender his passport. (Reuters)
19 November 2025 – Nord Stream pipelines sabotage
Italy's Supreme Court of Cassation approves a Ukrainian national's extradition to Germany, where he faces charges related to alleged involvement in the Nord Stream pipelines explosions in 2022. (Reuters)
19 November 2025 – Terrorism in the United States, 2025 Chicago train attack
Lawrence Reed, alleged to have poured flammable liquid over a 26-year-old woman on a Chicago CTA Blue Line train and later set her on fire Monday evening, faces a federal terrorism charge. (NBC News) (Department of Justice)
19 November 2025 – Operation Midas, Corruption in Ukraine
Ukraine's Verkhovna Rada dismisses energy minister Svitlana Hrynchuk and justice minister German Galushchenko after an anti-corruption investigation into alleged misconduct at the state nuclear agency implicated them, among other officials. (Reuters)
19 November 2025 –
Ford Motor Co. issues a recall of over 200,000 Bronco and Bronco Sport vehicles due to a possible dashboard failure. (AP)
18 November 2025 – Insurgency in Cabo Delgado
2021 Cabo Delgado offensive
The European Center for Constitutional and Human Rights (ECCHR) accuses French energy and petroleum company TotalEnergies of committing war crimes through a joint task force deployed to protect natural gas sites in Cabo Delgado, Mozambique. The ECCHR alleges that the joint task force illegally imprisoned, beat, tortured, and killed over 220 civilians. (DW)
18 November 2025 – Palestinian political violence
2025 Gush Etzion Junction attack
At least three people are killed, including both perpetrators, and three others are injured, including a woman mistakenly shot by soldiers, in a vehicle-ramming attack and stabbing attack in Gush Etzion Junction, West Bank. (The Times of Israel) (CNN)
18 November 2025 – Russo-Ukrainian war
Kharkiv strikes
A 17-year-old girl is killed, and nine other people are injured in overnight Russian missile strikes on Berestyn, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine. (RBC-Ukraine)
18 November 2025 – Middle Eastern crisis
Gaza war
2025 Sidon airstrike
Thirteen people are killed and several others are wounded in an Israeli airstrike in the Ain al-Hilweh Palestinian refugee camp in Sidon District, Lebanon. (MENA via The New Arab)
Israel–Hezbollah conflict
Two people are killed in two separate Israeli airstrikes on vehicles in Bint Jbeil and Marjayoun, Lebanon. (L'Orient Today)
18 November 2025 –
The United Kingdom announces it will ban above-face-value ticket resale for concerts, shows, and sports events, citing rampant price gouging on ticket sale sites. (DW) (CNBC)
18 November 2025 – Saudi Arabia–United States relations
Saudi Arabia and the United States ratify a joint declaration on civil nuclear energy, and the U.S. approves a defense sale that includes future deliveries of F-35 fighter jets to Saudi Arabia. (AFP via NDTV)
U.S. president Donald Trump announces the designation of Saudi Arabia as a major non-NATO ally. (AFP via The Economic Times)
18 November 2025 – Gaza Strip under Hamas, Blockade of the Gaza Strip
Hamas arrests a staff member of local water provider, Abdul Salam Yassin Company, supplying water to nearly half of the Gaza Strip, causing the company to suspend its operations. (Reuters)
18 November 2025 – Trial for the 2022–2023 Brazilian coup plot
Brazil's Supreme Federal Court sentences three army officers and a federal police officer to 21–24 years in prison after finding them guilty of participating in a plot to kill then-president-elect Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and other officials to prevent the 2023 transfer of power. The court rules that the group helped plan the broader coup attempt linked to former president Jair Bolsonaro, who was previously convicted in the same case. (AFP via Barron's)
18 November 2025 –
An Argentine court orders the seizure of 20 properties owned by former president Cristina Fernández de Kirchner and her family in connection with her fraud conviction involving public works contracts. (Reuters)
Poland annuls former justice minister Zbigniew Ziobro's diplomatic passport at the request of prosecutors, who seek his arrest on charges that include leading an organized criminal group and misusing public funds. (Reuters)
18 November 2025 – War on drugs, crime in Spain
The Spanish National Police Corps, in coordination with the US Drug Enforcement Administration, dismantle a Jalisco New Generation Cartel logistics office in Spain, arresting 20 people including two members of the Italian Camorra organization. (El País)
18 November 2025 – 2025 Danish local elections
Denmark holds local elections, with the ruling Social Democrats suffering large losses, including the mayoralty of Copenhagen, which they had held since 1903. (Politico EU)
18 November 2025 – 2025 Texas redistricting
A United States district court bars Texas from using a newly drawn congressional map in next year's midterm elections, ruling that it is likely an unconstitutional racial gerrymander. (CNN)
18 November 2025 – Terrorism in the United States
Texas governor Greg Abbott declares the Muslim Brotherhood and CAIR as terrorist organizations and bans them from owning land in Texas, United States. (CBS News)
18 November 2025 –
The Polish Sejm elects Włodzimierz Czarzasty as Marshal, replacing Szymon Hołownia, who becomes Deputy Marshal. (Sejm in Polish)
A major outage of Cloudflare causes global disruptions to numerous apps and websites. Cloudflare says the outage occurred after a configuration file designed to handle threat traffic malfunctioned and triggered a crash in its software handling traffic for its wider services. (BBC News)
18 November 2025 – 2026 FIFA World Cup qualification
In association football, Curaçao qualifies for the 2026 FIFA World Cup after winning Group B of the third round of CONCACAF qualifiers for the World Cup. In its first World Cup appearance, Curaçao becomes the smallest nation by both population and area to qualify for the tournament. (Azerbaijan)
17 November 2025 – Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Thirty-eight Pakistani Taliban militants are killed by the army in a series of raids since yesterday in Dera Ismail Khan, North Waziristan, Bannu and Bajaur, in Pakistan. (AP)
17 November 2025 – Gaza war
German support for Israel in the Gaza war, Germany–Israel relations
Germany expects to lift its restrictions on military equipment exports to Israel from November 24, which were banned in August due to the siege of Gaza City. (AP)
Gaza peace plan
The United Nations Security Council votes in favor of a US-drafted resolution endorsing the peace plan, including the establishment of the International Stabilization Force (ISF) and Board of Peace. (BBC News)
17 November 2025 – Russo-Ukrainian war
Kharkiv strikes
A Russian missile strike on a residential area in Balakliia, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine, kills three people and injures 10 others. (Reuters)
Military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian war, France–Ukraine relations
Ukraine signs an agreement with France to receive up to 100 Rafale fighter jets, along with anti-aircraft warfare, munitions, and drones. Both governments say the proposed use of frozen Russian assets will partly finance it. (CNN)
17 November 2025 – Druze insurgency in Southern Syria
An investigative committee in Syria detains members of the country's military and security forces in an investigation into sectarian violence in Sweida in July involving the Druze. (AP)
17 November 2025 – Nigerian bandit conflict, Kidnapping in Nigeria
Gunmen kidnap 25 female students from and kill the vice principal of a secondary school in Maga, Kebbi State, Nigeria. (DW) (BBC News)
17 November 2025 –
Spanish transport minister Óscar Puente announces the AV350 project, which will upgrade the Madrid–Barcelona high-speed rail line to a maximum operating speed of 350 km/h (220 mph) and make it one of the world's fastest trains. Puente says work is scheduled to begin next year and is expected to take three years. (Reuters)
At the Dubai Airshow, UAE flagship airline Emirates announces a deal to buy 65 Boeing 777-9 aircraft worth US$38 billion, with deliveries starting in 2027. (AP)
17 November 2025 – 2025 Medina bus crash
A bus carrying Indian Umrah pilgrims collides with a tank truck near Medina, Saudi Arabia, killing 45 people. (Hindustan Times)
17 November 2025 –
The toll from yesterday's bus crash in Simiatug, Tungurahua Province, Ecuador, increases to 21 people killed and 40 others injured. (Reuters)
Six people are killed and 19 others are injured when a landslide triggered by heavy rain strikes a bus carrying 32 passengers in Khánh Vĩnh district, Khánh Hòa province, Vietnam. (Reuters)
Five tourists are killed in a blizzard in Torres del Paine National Park in Chilean Patagonia, where military and police rescue four others and continue search and rescue operations. (AFP via France 24)
17 November 2025 – Airjet Angola Flight MBC-100
An Embraer ERJ-145 operating as AirJet Angola Flight 100 carrying 29 members of a Ministry of Mines [fr] delegation crashes while attempting to land at Kolwezi Airport in Lualaba Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. No casualties are reported. (ASN) (Israel Hayom)

Me (incomplete), described in userboxes...

This user created the
User page design guide.

Outlines comprise bullets like these
Outlines comprise bullets like these
This user started WikiProject Outlines.
This user started
Wikipedia's Help Project
(as User:Go for it!).
This user started
WikiProject Health and fitness (as User:Go for it!).
An index finger pointing rightThis user started WikiProject Indexes
An index finger pointing rightThis user started WikiProject Glossaries
ListThis user proudly participates in WikiProject Lists

mesoThis editor is a mesopedian.
This user is not a prose nazi and sees no problem with a list or a table being on an article.
A, B, and CThis user prefers the
serial comma.
inclThis user is an inclusionist.
incrThis editor is an incrementalist.
evenThis editor is an eventualist.

Icon This user has been on Wikipedia for 20 years, 1 month and 16 days.
This user is a Wikipedia tipster.
This user uses AutoWikiBrowser to quickly make repetitive edits.
This user has made over
300,000 edits to Wikipedia.
 35,000+ This user has created 35,000+ active redirect pages on the English language Wikipedia.
This user has created over
500 Outlines in Wikipedia.

This user is interested in the digital revolution.
{{Wiki}}This user is an advanced writer in the MediaWiki language.
This user develops
user scripts;
Perl-2This user is an intermediate Perl programmer.
js-2This user is an intermediate JavaScript programmer.
re-3This user writes advanced regular expressions.

This user thinks you can learn a lot by editing an encyclopedia.
This user is a transhumanist.
This user advocates humanism.
This user is a member of the
Geography WikiProject.
Globus
Globus
This user does not believe in borders, and is a World citizen.
This user is interested in the
Planet Earth.

This user is interested in history.
This user is interested in
Human Prehistory
This user is interested in
ancient civilizations.
This user is interested in
ancient Egypt.
This user is interested in ancient Greece.
This user is interested in ancient Rome.

History and contributions...

Awards and praise I've received over the years...


Tip of the day April 21, 2006: Thanks for helping a newbie!

Filmcom 14:36, 23 February 2006 (UTC)
I award this random acts of kindness Barnstar to Go for It! for being very helpful to a newcomer wikipedian, without being asked to.Filmcom 19:41, 23 February 2006 (UTC)
I award this random acts of kindness Barnstar to Go for It! for being very helpful to a newcomer wikipedian, without being asked to.Filmcom 19:41, 23 February 2006 (UTC)

I just want to thank you for building on my tip and making it a true wikipedia tip of the day. I'm still learning a lot about how to do things around here, so your help was greatly appreciated! Keep up the great work, and keep on Going for it!

Smashing!

Smashing job on Tip of the day!
You've done a great job getting the Tip of the Day off the ground. As a result, I think you deserve this! smurrayinchester(User), (Talk) 17:52, 9 March 2006 (UTC)


Barnstar

This Working Man's Barnstar is awarded to Go for it! for your tireless and diligent work on the reference desk templates! -- Natalya 19:37, 25 March 2006 (UTC)


Barnstar

For going above and beyond the call of duty at Esperanza/Admin coaching, I award you this Original Barnstar. Good work! --Fang Aili talk 18:34, 1 November 2006 (UTC)


Award

The Random Acts of Kindness Barnstar
Your kindess was not random, because you were kind enough to listen to my requests to fix my userpage. Your major kindness will not be ignored, as this BarnStar is my token of appreciation! Kyo catmeow! 01:59, 24 November 2006 (UTC)

!!!

<O.o --The Prophet Wizard of the Crayon Cake 01:45, 27 November 2006 (UTC)

You're welcome. The Transhumanist 01:55, 27 November 2006 (UTC)

Barnstar

The da Vinci Barnstar
Awarded to User:The Transhumanist. Sometimes those who take on large areas of wikipedia organisation seem to be taken for granted, and this is just to show that your work is appreciated by the community. Khukri (talk . contribs) 09:56, 12 December 2006 (UTC)

!

Cool signature Kamope · talk · contributions 12:58, 22 January 2007 (UTC)

Thanks.   The Transhumanist 05:52, 23 January 2007 (UTC)

Thanks so much!

Thanks so much for the hints in your userpage tutorial. . I am a new user and familiar with HTML markup, but not so with Wikimark up. Your userpage tutorial really helped! Real96 06:14, 23 January 2007 (UTC)

You're welcome. I'm glad you found it useful. If you see any way to improve it, by all means, please feel free to do so.   The Transhumanist 06:36, 23 January 2007 (UTC)

WC

How can I sum the above up....? Oh yes:

The Original Barnstar
For your revamp of The Welcoming Committee, and of the Welcome Page, I award you the original barnstar. Well done! Anthonycfc [T • C] 18:19, 14 February 2007 (UTC)

WOW!!

as a near- noob, this is by far the most detailed and useful article on wikipedia for me! Excellent! I really wish I had a user page like this after two years...Snailey! 15:42, 14 March 2007 (UTC)

Barnstar

The Tireless Contributor Barnstar
For all your work with admin coaching, barnstar awarding, Wikipedia-expanding, and various administrative duties (if you can call all that political stuff we Wikipedians must wade through such a name), I, Sharkface217, hereby award you this Tireless Contributor Barnstar. Good job. S h a r k f a c e 2 1 7 19:36, 5 May 2007 (UTC)

Just a few words...

TT, my friend, my mop would never have been gained without your incredible expertise. My kindest regards to you, and drop by as often as possible! Now, a little token of my appreciation...

The Golden Wiki Award;
This, the Golden Wiki Award, the highest attainment level of awards and barnstars, goes to you - The Transhumanist - for being one of the most helpful, kind, resourceful and generous Wikipedians I've had to utmost fortune to meet. Your contributions around the Wiki - at the WikiClassroom, in Dispute Resolution, at the Welcoming Committee, but most of all being a genuinely fun guy, are an amazing feat, and if half the trolls I'll undoubtedly meet after gaining my mop (thanks to you) took a leaf from your book, Wikipedia would be a nicer place.

My kindest possible regards,
Anthony 21:38, 6 May 2007 (UTC)

Barnstar

What a Brilliant Idea Barnstar
I award you this Brilliant Idea Barnstar for helping others to earn Barnstars and awards through your Award Center! • The Giant Puffin • 13:31, 3 June 2007 (UTC)

Award

Hello The Transhumanist, (Hold on, can I say that or is it "Hello Transhumanist")
I was going to give you an award but there wasn't one good enough, so I made one better than any that has ever been seen before - This message. Yes, yes, I know, you don't think your worthy of it, but I assure you, you are the only one good enough for it - Pheonix 19:34, 12 August 2007 (UTC)

A Help:Contents Barnstar

The Tireless Contributor Barnstar
As the top contributor to Help:Contents, you deserve this barnstar. Thank you! Jreferee (Talk) 05:59, 23 August 2007 (UTC)

Barnstar

The Original Barnstar
For taking up the challenge and improving my command page, I, Sharkface217, hereby award you this Original Barnstar. Another feather in the Transhumanist cap, eh? :-P

--Sharkface217 21:37, 19 December 2007 (UTC)

:D

Hi there Trans Face! X××x××pink×jellocreature××x××X (talk) 01:36, 20 December 2007 (UTC)

You won an award!

X××x××pink×jellocreature××x××X (talk) awards you the unofficial funniness award!

Fractional-reserve banking

You deserve a barnstar for your efforts. I can't think of anyone who has contributed more to Wikipedia, except maybe Jimbo. I'm not sure where to put this on your frontpage, so here it is:

What a Brilliant Idea Barnstar
For boldly redirecting Debt-based monetary system to Criticisms of fractional-reserve banking, both saving it from deletion while defending Wikipedia from those who would violate WP:FRINGE, and being one of the most helpful editors on Wikipedia, in general. Zenwhat (talk) 03:41, 7 January 2008 (UTC)

Barnstar

The Tireless Contributor Barnstar
I, Diligent Terrier, award you this "Tireless Contributor Barnstar" for your work in starting the List of basic American Civil War topics article from scratch. Great Job! DiligentTerrier • talk |sign here 22:17, 12 January 2008 (UTC)

My Userpage

Hi There First id like to thank you immensly for your pages about creating a decent userpage!! They are great and I would be lost without them!! Just one question, On my userpage i have a small welcome banner up the top. How do I make this text larger and change the font? Sorry if you have already covered this somewhere. Thanks in advanceCstubbies (talk) 12:40, 19 January 2008 (UTC)

A valuable service

I think you need recognition for doing the job of ten other editors, and doing it out of altruism and genuine belief in Wikipedia. Not many editors here have the same good attitude and provide the same service as you - I don't have any specific point to put across, but I thought you should just be prodded and reminded that you do a lot of good around here, in the hope you'll keep it up. Kudos! Seegoon (talk) 17:43, 25 January 2008 (UTC)

:)

The Excellent Userpage Award
Nice page. jaytur1 (talk · contribs) 12:13, 10 February 2008 (UTC)


Welcoming committee

Just a note, I've made a minor update to your contributions. To reiterate my edit summary, you put in a tonne of effort there, and you deserve to be credited for it :) Feel free to revert, nonetheless. Regards, AGK (contact) 16:44, 29 February 2008 (UTC)

List of basic space exploration topics

Hi there TTH, Just wanted to thank you for your labors on this page, which is a great resource for us. Bill Wwheaton (talk) 17:48, 29 February 2008 (UTC)

You'd better hope there is a humour barnstar

... because you just gave me the biggest laugh in weeks. Good stuff giving that RfA spammer what-for here. αѕєηιηє t/c 22:03, 1 March 2008 (UTC)

List of basic Canada topics

Nice work -- I will withdraw the AfD nom. – ukexpat (talk) 00:55, 15 March 2008 (UTC)

Done
The Barnstar of Recovery
For saving List of basic Canada topics from being deleted, I - Milk's Favorite Cookie hereby award you this Barnstar! Congrats! - Milk's Favorite Cookie 01:16, 15 March 2008 (UTC)

Fictional lists

The deletion review was approved for recreation: Wikipedia:Deletion review/Log/2008 March 10. Just letting you know, in case you weren't watchlisting it. I'm not sure what you have to do next to get the old version undeleted though (if that's what you wanted :) Nice catch on rescuing that grouping. -- Quiddity (talk) 00:21, 17 March 2008 (UTC)

'Tis for you

The Random Acts of Kindness Barnstar
I've noticed the extra mile you've gone to help a new user, and I wanted you to know it hasn't gone unnoticed. Keep up the good work! Keeper | 76 | Disclaimer 16:40, 5 April 2008 (UTC)

Barnstar

The Random Acts of Kindness Barnstar
I award this barnstar to The Transhumanist, for being patient and taking four rounds of references from me, until they were all valid. LAAFan 01:21, 17 June 2008 (UTC)


The Random Acts of Kindness Barnstar
I award this barnstar to The Transhumanist, for putting funny stuff on his discussion page which led me to copy them and put some of those funny stuff on my website. Thanks. Emir34 01:21, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

List_of_basic_France_topics

Hi Transhumanist, I wanted to note that I saw all of your work on the List of Basic France topics, and I appreciate it! Lazulilasher (talk) 02:12, 8 August 2008 (UTC)

From Zach...

The da Vinci Barnstar
For helping me so many times. and for my wonderful userpage. Cheers, Zacharycrimsonwolf 04:08, 30 September 2008 (UTC)

(next page...)

Guidance Star

The Guidance Barnstar
For helping me to find resources on humanism, which I will hopefully be able to use to improve the articles on it here as well! Scapler (talk) 02:39, 11 November 2008 (UTC)

Happy Transhumanist's Day!

The Transhumanist has been identified as an Awesome Wikipedian,
so I've officially declared today as Transhumanist's Day!
For your incredible organization and leadership skills,
enjoy being the star of the day, dear The Transhumanist!

Signed,
Dylan (chat, work, ping, sign)

→ Dylan620 (Toolbox Alpha, Beta) 00:26, 1 June 2009 (UTC)

Happy The Transhumanist's Day!

The Transhumanist has been identified as an Awesome Wikipedian,
and therefore, I've officially declared today as The Transhumanist's day!
For your history of dedicated work to the project,
enjoy being the Star of the day, The Transhumanist!

Cheers,
bibliomaniac15
22:08, 4 June 2009 (UTC)

If you'd like to show off your awesomeness, you can use this userbox.

Congrats. :) –Juliancolton | Talk 23:44, 4 June 2009 (UTC)

I think...

...you need a barnstar for all of the hard work you have put into the WP:WPOOK!

The Barnstar Barnstar
You deserve two! at-210 discovered elements ∞ what am I? 20:21, 14 June 2009 (UTC)


Barnstar

Transhumanist my friend,

It's about time you deserve a barnstar for all your contributions to outlines on Wikipedia, and also for being the promoter that you are for outlines. If it wasn't for you we might not have outlines as they are, so it is my honor to present to you the Special Barnstar because no other barnstar could merit what you do for outlines on Wikipedia.  :-) Burningview (talk) 03:42, 8 August 2009 (UTC)

The Special Barnstar
This barnstar is presented to Transhumanist for all the hard work, contributions, coordination, and promotion he does in advancing the idea, coverage, content, and quality of Outlines on Wikipedia. For this he deserves a Special Barnstar Burningview (talk) 03:42, 8 August 2009 (UTC)

Well done

The Special Barnstar
This award is in appreciation of the excellent work you have done supporting the development of Outlines on Wikipedia Thruxton (talk) 18:59, 5 December 2010 (UTC)

Made me laugh

You once said in a AFD: "If you are building a robot, you can start with just the left pinky." I love that. Happy New Year! Jerry delusional ¤ kangaroo 20:34, 31 December 2010 (UTC)

another thanks

I appreciate you pointing me in the direction of a formatted signature. For some reason I couldn't find any reference to how it is done in the years I have been here. Cheers. ◦◦derekbd◦◦my talk◦◦ 12:16, 4 June 2011 (UTC)

Impressed

I just wanted to tell you (probably not the 1st ^^ ) that your are an incredible wikipedia member, your userpage is simply amazing and your contribution is...gigantic? huge? Incredible? not for the number edits (still high) but rather over the appropriateness of the things that you have created, especially the outline project. I wont give you another award, you already have billions, but simply a modest "Bravo!". -- Offiikart (Talk) 05:23, 21 June 2011 (UTC)

Thanks

Hi, thanks a lot for the barnstar, you are truly a user with whom it is pleasant to interact. I greatly appreciate your help, your tips and you recognition on the work done, even if only very minimal compared to the work you have done.

I think you, more than everyone else, deserve a special recognition. Here is the first Barnstar I ever awarded :

The WikiProject Barnstar
To The Transhumanist who created the outline project and tirelessly continues to improve it. A special thanks for your help and your recognition. OffiikartTalk 13:54, 29 June 2011 (UTC)


ps. I did put the page alert on my watchlist

A barnstar for you!

The Original Barnstar
Your fine contributions are not overlooked. You are a quality editor, and we are so glad you are here. Thanks to the user:Transhumanist! Pinkstrawberry02™ talk 01:49, 13 October 2011 (UTC)

Note to user getting this message: Please respond on Pinkstrawberry02's talk page. If for some reason you cannot, please send them a {{talkback}} and reply on your own talk page. Thanks for your understanding in this manner. See ya around the wiki!

barnstar

The Chess Barnstar
Awarded for many contributions to chess articles, especially the Outline of chess. Bubba73 You talkin' to me? 16:34, 18 October 2011 (UTC)

A barnstar for you!

The Original Barnstar
Thanks so much for your work on the Outline of domestic violence, it is so much better that it's astounding how far it's come along. Thanks for making my first outline "sing"! CaroleHenson (talk) 11:11, 21 November 2011 (UTC)
You're first one? Wonderful! I can't wait to see what you come up with next. And I also look forward to seeing what you have in store for this outline. Thank you for the barnstar. It's very nice to feel appreciated. The Transhumanist 22:10, 21 November 2011 (UTC)

A barnstar for you!

The Original Barnstar
Wow! Thanks for your help on the Future studies project. I can't believe all the pages you've contributed to, but glad you found ours!... RealFuturist (talk) 17:09, 3 February 2012 (UTC)

A barnstar for you!

The Copyeditor's Barnstar
Thanks for the ndashes on the Apple outline article. Zach Vega (talk) 00:58, 13 April 2012 (UTC)

Many years ago, back before I had created my current account, I created a humble little userspace navigation menu based off of two of your menus from the User Page Design Center (initially 15, but ultimately 6). Over the years it has grown, but I don't know if I ever would have started it without seeing your menus first. I just want to thank you for putting the effort into creating those menus and then sharing them at the Design Center where they have been helpful for people like me. I hope you don't mind me borrowing from your hard work! Thanks again and take care! Michael Barera (talk) 03:30, 13 January 2013 (UTC)

Thank you

The Instructor's Barnstar
This Barnstar is awarded to Wikipedians who have performed stellar work in the area of instruction & help for other editors.
Just wanted to stop by and say this edit was something I wanted to do but simply did not have the "kahunas" to do so. Thank you for the bold edit :-) Moxy (talk) 07:25, 13 February 2013 (UTC)

A barnstar for you!

The Barnstar of Diligence
For your efforts on updating, improving and organising Outline of human anatomy LT910001 (talk) 06:39, 2 January 2014 (UTC)

A barnstar for you!

The Tireless Contributor Barnstar
For your work on "Outline of space science" Tetra quark (don't be shy) 05:55, 18 January 2015 (UTC)

Thank you. The Transhumanist 07:45, 18 January 2015 (UTC)

A cup of coffee for you!

A cup of coffee for you! masum (talk) 06:10, 5 October 2015 (UTC)

Thank you. The Transhumanist 06:56, 5 October 2015 (UTC)


At Tip-Of-The-Day: Thank you for your updates & guidance!

Do have an e-cookie and enjoy!
Greetings The Transhumanist,

Want to let you know the value of your insights & feedback!
Regards, JoeHebda (talk) 21:53, 19 October 2015 (UTC)

Thank you. Keep up the good work. The Transhumanist 16:50, 21 October 2015 (UTC)

Pony!

Pony!
Congratulations! For all your hard work on redirect repair at Glossary of North American horse racing and general wikignoming along the way of articles such as Easy Goer, you have received a pony! Ponies are cute, intelligent, cuddly, friendly (most of the time, though with notable exceptions), promote good will, encourage patience, and enjoy carrots. Treat your pony with respect and he will be your faithful friend! We need more wikipedia editors like you! Montanabw(talk) 02:22, 1 November 2015 (UTC)

To send a pony or a treat to other wonderful and responsible editors, click here.

Thank you for being one of Wikipedia's top medical contributors!

please help translate this message into the local language
The Cure Award
In 2015 you were one of the top 300 medical editors across any language of Wikipedia. Thank you from Wiki Project Med Foundation for helping bring free, complete, accurate, up-to-date health information to the public. We really appreciate you and the vital work you do! Wiki Project Med Foundation is a user group whose mission is to improve our health content. Consider joining here, there are no associated costs, and we would love to collaborate further.

Thanks again :) -- Doc James along with the rest of the team at Wiki Project Med Foundation 03:59, 29 February 2016 (UTC)

A barnstar for you!

The Tireless Contributor Barnstar
Great work with the Outlines :) Pratyush (talk) 21:07, 26 September 2016 (UTC)

Thank you. The Transhumanist 15:31, 28 September 2016 (UTC)

Love the outlines

Hi there! I just wanted to let you know that I think your planet outlines are really cool. I have long thought it was a shame that only Wikipedians seem to know about Books or Portals, because they are really great tools for structuring knowledge (while everyone loves diving down the Wikipedia rabbit hole, we could really do with some better content organization). The outlines strike me as a great way to bring that sort content organization to mainspace, where it will actually reach a large number of readers. I notice that I am the first one to edit them besides yourself, and I hope you know that I do so with love.

What a Brilliant Idea Barnstar
Great idea with the outline articles - a great solution to a need for better mainspace-based content structuring! I see from WP:Outlines that you actually came up with this concept some years ago, but this is the first I've noticed it. A2soup (talk) 02:46, 8 February 2017 (UTC)

A Barnstar for you!

The Portal Barnstar
The Portal Barnstar is awarded to Wikipedians who have made significant contributions to topic portals.
Awarded to Transhumanist for his overly enthusiastic efforts regarding the portal system and WikiProject Portals. – Lionel(talk) 11:02, 30 April 2018 (UTC)
Transhumanist, thank you for your extraordinary efforts on behalf of portals. It reminds me of the time when a series of attacks on scientific bibliographies led to the formation of WikiProject Bibliographies. I don't understand why your detractors are so passionate about deleting portals, but your actions have been a model for how to deal with an attack constructively. RockMagnetist(talk) 16:10, 5 May 2018 (UTC)

A Barnstar for you!

The Article Rescue Barnstar
May all who see this barnstar know that The Transhumanist made a valiant and commendable effort for defending the portal namespace from deletion. It preserved countless hours of work initially invested into creating the content. Moreoever, The Transhumanist, is doing a yeoman's job in attempting to improve the content within with portal namespace. RightCowLeftCoast (talk) 00:24, 26 May 2018 (UTC)

@RightCowLeftCoast: Thank you. I feel honored. Please keep in mind that I have not been working alone. Credit goes to the nearly 400 editors who came forward to speak up for the keeping of portals. And although the RfC to delete all portals is over, the job of defending portals from deletion is not. For the portal namespace to be retained in the long term, the portals in it will need to be improved to a worthy quality level, otherwise we may see more deletion attempts. This task is far more than a single editor can handle. Fortunately, many editors have come forward to meet the challenge. Working to develop portals and the entire portal system, is a team of 80 editors who are diligently redesigning, upgrading, updating, and maintaining portals. They are the members of the Portals WikiProject, and without them there might be no portals. They are doing a wonderful job, and I am very proud of them. Thank you.    — The Transhumanist   17:22, 26 May 2018 (UTC)

Precious

thinking-related topics

Thank you for organising a list of thinking-related topics, for Shift work sleep disorder and the index of oral health and dental articles, for your thoughts and efforts regarding portals, and beginnings such as Portal:Thinking/Selected picture, - you are an awesome Wikipedian!

--Gerda Arendt (talk) 13:53, 29 May 2018 (UTC)

Precious

portals

Thank you for your thoughts and efforts regarding portals, for the concept of outlines, for sectional redirects, for articles such as Life Extension Foundation, for service from 2006, including portal philosophy and user page design center, - repeating (1 & 4 June 2009): you are an awesome Wikipedian!

--Gerda Arendt (talk) 21:54, 31 May 2018 (UTC)

Thank you. I looked, but couldn't figure out what 1 & 4 June 2009 were referring to. Just curious.    — The Transhumanist   19:26, 4 June 2018 (UTC)

Follow the link "awesome W." and look for your name: 2 others said it before me! --Gerda Arendt (talk) 09:48, 5 June 2018 (UTC)

Executive director of portals

The Portal Barnstar
Not sure if a simple barnstar can express the communities gratitude to the portal work that you're doing. Your an indispensable member of our community. Moxy (talk) 18:08, 7 June 2018 (UTC)

Moxy, thank you. I'm honored, and I receive this praise for the team, without whom there would be very little progress on portals. They are literally transforming them into something new. I'm glad to be a part of that.    — The Transhumanist   18:20, 7 June 2018 (UTC)

A Barnstar for you

The Portal Barnstar
The Portal Barnstar is awarded to Wikipedians who have made significant contributions to topic portals.
Thanks for the great work you have been doing in the WikiProject. Dreamy Jazz talk | contribs 22:15, 4 July 2018 (UTC)

You are welcome, formerly Wpgbrown. Nice new name. ;)    — The Transhumanist   10:26, 6 July 2018 (UTC)

A barnstar for you!

The Technical Barnstar
Good to see others of the view we have as to the need to know more. Im a research person here just of this week and your views relate to my work here. take care. 
Tleesd (talk) 17:56, 5 September 2018 (UTC)

A barnstar for you!

The Graphic Designer's Barnstar
Thank's for updating the Portal:Seventh-day Adventist Church. You deserve this star for your good work. Catfurball (talk) 15:28, 12 October 2018 (UTC)

A barnstar for you!

The Tireless Contributor Barnstar
For your excellent work on Portals. Everyday the portal project improves. Your dedication and willingness to get people involved really pays off. Cannot wait to continue working with you and the Portal team. Thank you for your work. AmericanAir88(talk) 00:30, 30 October 2018 (UTC)

A barnstar for you!

The Random Acts of Kindness Barnstar
Thank you for helping me in my first attempt in creating a portal page ‑‑V.S.(C)(T) 10:51, 23 December 2018 (UTC)

Some barnstars for you!

The Graphic Designer's Barnstar
Thanks for creating Portal:Hummingbirds when I asked for it. Keep doing a good job! Catfurball (talk) 00:01, 4 January 2019 (UTC)
The Graphic Designer's Barnstar
Thanks for making Portal:Capsicum. Catfurball (talk) 19:38, 5 February 2019 (UTC)
The Graphic Designer's Barnstar
Thanks for making Portal:Peaches. Catfurball (talk) 21:11, 5 February 2019 (UTC)
The Graphic Designer's Barnstar
Thanks for creating Portal:Woodpeckers for me. Catfurball (talk) 19:15, 14 February 2019 (UTC)
The Graphic Designer's Barnstar
Thanks for creating Portal:Tyrant flycatchers for me. Catfurball (talk) 19:16, 14 February 2019 (UTC)
The Graphic Designer's Barnstar
Thanks for creating Portal:Plums, you do a great job creating portals. Catfurball (talk) 18:45, 21 February 2019 (UTC)
The Graphic Designer's Barnstar
Thanks for creating Portal:Cotingas for me. Catfurball (talk) 19:07, 22 February 2019 (UTC)

A barnstar for you!

The Portal Barnstar
For your tireless dedication to creating, maintaining, and improving portals, as well as your active involvement in making improvements to the system of portals itself. I'm sorry to hear that you're temporarily unable to create them, but your work is greatly appreciated 🙂 Brendon the Wizard ✉️ ✨ 14:17, 23 March 2019 (UTC)

A Barnstar for you

The Original Barnstar
message Ambuj Shukla 19:16, 2 November 2019 (UTC)

You have made immense contributions to outlines over the years, and have encouraged many more Wikipedians to follow your lead. The impact of your contributions are great. Keep doing the good work! — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ambujshukla2004 (talk • contribs) 19:16, 2 November 2019 (UTC)

Thank you.    — The Transhumanist   00:06, 19 November 2019 (UTC)

A barnstar for you!

The Outline Barnstar
Hello The Transhumanist, you are receiving this award for the creation and continued dedication to WikiProject Outlines. You deserve this barnstar more than anyone. Jerium (talk) 19:18, 12 November 2023 (UTC)

A barnstar for you!

The Barnstar of Good Humor
I appreciate you reviving the User page design center! I used this when I was new. Also, everyone has a phases where they religiously obsess over their user page (especially userboxes), and this tool is a good way to show them how to have fun with it. Panini! • 🥪 23:59, 2 June 2024 (UTC)

Associated Wikimedia

The following Wikimedia Foundation sister projects provide more on this subject:

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