Talachyn

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Talachyn
Town
Church of the Protection of Our Lady
Church of the Protection of Our Lady
Flag of Talachyn
Flag
Coat of arms of Talachyn
Coat of arms
Talachyn is located in Belarus
Talachyn
Talachyn
Location in Belarus
Coordinates: 54°25′N 29°42′E / 54.417°N 29.700°E / 54.417; 29.700
CountryBelarus
RegionVitebsk Region
DistrictTalachyn District
First mentioned1433
Elevation
199 m (653 ft)
Population
 (2025)[1]
 • Total
9,542
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK)
Postal code
211070
Area code+375 2136
License plate2

Talachyn or Tolochin[a] is a town in Vitebsk Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Talachyn District.[1] As of 2025, it has a population of 9,542.[1]

History

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The town was first mentioned in 1433. Talachyn was a private town of the Sapieha, Szemiot and Sanguszko families,[2] administratively located in the Vitebsk Voivodeship of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. In 1604 Lew Sapieha founded a Basilian monastery, church, hospital, and schools.[2] It was repeatedly seized by Russians during the Polish–Russian War of 1654–1667.[2] It was a shtetl.[3]

In 1939, 1,292 Jews lived there, making up 21.2 percent of the total population of the town.[4]

World War II

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Talachyn in 1941

The town was under German military occupation from 6–7 July 1941 until 1944.[4]

The Germans established a ghetto in September or October 1941, which consisted of 15 houses and had 2,000 inmates.[4] The ghetto was liquidated on 12 or 13 March 1942 and its inmates were killed.[4] The Germans killed more than 2,000 Jews, according to estimates made by the Soviet Extraordinary State Commission.[5] However, this figure is disputed, due to the pre-war Jewish population being significantly lower, and some Jews having been drafted or able to flee.[4] The Einsatzkommando reported that it had killed 1,551 Jews in March, presumably in the entire district.[4]

A memorial has been erected to remember the fate of the victims.

Notable structures

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Notable people

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Notes

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  1. ^ Belarusian: Талачын, romanized: Talačyn, IPA: [taɫaˈtʂɨn]; Russian: Толочин; Polish: Tołoczyn; Yiddish: טאָלאָטשין; Lithuanian: Talačynas.

References

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  1. ^ a b c "Численность населения на 1 января 2025 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2024 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа". belsat.gov.by. Archived from the original on 29 March 2025. Retrieved 26 June 2025.
  2. ^ a b c Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich (in Polish). Vol. XII. Warszawa. 1892. p. 367.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  3. ^ "My shtetl\Tolochin". Archived from the original on 2016-03-25. Retrieved 2016-03-15.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Megargee & Dean 2012, p. 1738.
  5. ^ "- Online Guide of Murder Sites of Jews in the Former USSR - Yad Vashem".

Sources

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  • Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Dean, Martin (2012). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume II. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. pp. 1738–1739. ISBN 978-0-253-35599-7.
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