Lovrin

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For the Croatian village, see Lovrin, Istria County.
Lovrin
Commune
The high school and the Roman Catholic church in Lovrin
The high school and the Roman Catholic church in Lovrin
Coat of arms of Lovrin
Coat of arms
Location in Timiș County
Location in Timiș County
Lovrin is located in Romania
Lovrin
Lovrin
Location in Romania
Coordinates: 45°58′N 20°46′E / 45.967°N 20.767°E / 45.967; 20.767
CountryRomania
CountyTimiș
Government
 • Mayor (2004–)Vasile Graur (PNL)
Area
[2]
43.37 km2 (16.75 sq mi)
Elevation
90 m (300 ft)
Population
 (2021-12-01)[1]
2,866
 • Density66.08/km2 (171.2/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+02:00 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+03:00 (EEST)
Postal code
307250
Area code(+40) 02 56
Vehicle reg.TM
Websiteprimaria-lovrin.ro

Lovrin (German: Lowring, formerly Lorandhausen; Hungarian: Lovrin, formerly Lóránthalma; Serbian: Ловрин, romanized: Lovrin)[3] is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of a single village, Lovrin. It also included three other villages – Gottlob, Tomnatic, and Vizejdia – until 2004, when they were split off to form Gottlob and Tomnatic communes.

The commune itself is a significant railway junction served by local railway lines radiating in five directions. It is an agro-industrial and urban center for the surrounding region.[4] Until the early 1990s, the majority of inhabitants were of German descent, but emigration has significantly reduced their numbers.

History

[edit]
Lipthay Mansion, now an agricultural research station[5]
Typical Swabian house built in 1906

Lovrin was documented in 1466 as Lóránthalma.[6] Later it was also known as Lóránt or Lórántfalva. In 1529 it was looted by the Turks, which led to the refuge of the population for a while.[6] In 1564 the village is recorded as private property of the bishop of Cenad. It began to be repopulated and was inhabited by Serbs who were still living here in 1582. A period of decline followed again, with the settlement almost deserted. The repopulation took place only after 1760. At that time Lovrin was part of the Nagykikinda District and was subject to the military administration that had been established in Banat after the expulsion of the Turks in 1717.[6] Bulgarian settlers first came here, who changed its name to Lovrinac.[6]

Between 1785–1792, the first German colonizations are recorded, with Swabians brought from Cenad and other Banat localities. They have received numerous privileges to indigenous peoples, which is why communities of Serbs and Bulgarians were forced to leave.[6] In 1792, Lovrin, along with Gottlob, were gifted by Emperor Leopold II to General Anton Lipthay, for special merits in the battles against the Turks.[7] General Lipthay built a mansion here that still bears his name today.

Lovrin experienced an industrial boom in the 19th century, several small factories opening here. Some of them include the brewery (1846–1870), the iron foundry (1924–1944) and the dressing factory.[7] Between 1940 and 1944, canned vegetables were fabricated for the Wehrmacht; the factory was closed immediately after 1944.[7] The German majority remained until the agrarian reform of 1945. Between 1951 and 1956, 434 people were deported from Lovrin to the Bărăgan Plain.[8] After 1989–1991, most of the remaining Germans emigrated, their place being taken by the Romanian population.

Demographics

[edit]
Ethnic composition (2021)[9]
  1. Romanians (77.7%)
  2. Roma (1.81%)
  3. Germans (1.15%)
  4. Unknown (18.0%)
  5. Others (1.38%)
Religious composition (2021)[10]
  1. Orthodox (66.5%)
  2. Pentecostals (7.92%)
  3. Roman Catholics (5.93%)
  4. Unknown (18.7%)
  5. Others (0.65%)
  6. Irreligious, atheists and agnostics (0.27%)

Lovrin had a population of 2,866 inhabitants at the 2021 census, down 11.07% from the 2011 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (77.7%), larger minorities being represented by Roma (1.81%) and Germans (1.15%). For 17.96% of the population, ethnicity is unknown.[9] By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (66.53%), but there are also minorities of Pentecostals (7.92%) and Roman Catholics (5.93%). For 18.7% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.[10]

Census[11] Ethnic composition
Year Population Romanians Hungarians Germans Roma Serbs Slovaks Bulgarians
1880 3,820 105 60 3,606 – 22 – –
1890 3,798 164 45 3,542 – 21 5 –
1900 4,012 217 104 3,654 – 25 – –
1910 3,881 217 182 3,450 – 28 1 –
1920 3,913 193 78 3,562 – – – –
1930 3,801 234 138 3,302 43 38 44 –
1941 3,681 426 144 3,013 – – – –
1956 3,672 – – – – – – –
1966 4,069 2,097 150 1,692 28 46 26 22
1977 4,255 2,618 130 1,367 46 41 21 11
1992 3,562 3,018 108 285 82 20 8 16
2002 3,560 3,243 71 120 80 14 6 13
2011 3,223 2,849 41 76 110 7 – 13
2021 2,866 2,227 28 33 52 – – 5

Politics and administration

[edit]

The commune of Lovrin is administered by a mayor and a local council composed of 13 councilors. The mayor, Vasile Graur, from the National Liberal Party, has been in office since 2004. As from the 2024 local elections, the local council has the following composition by political parties:[12]

Party Seats Composition
National Liberal Party 9
Social Democratic Party 2
Alliance for the Union of Romanians 1
Save Romania Union 1

Notable people

[edit]

References

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lovrin.
  1. ^ "2021 Romanian census". National Institute of Statistics.
  2. ^ "Primăria Lovrin". Ghidul Primăriilor.
  3. ^ Popov, Dejan (2018). Bugarski, Stevan (ed.). "Свештенство Епархије темишварске 1797. године" (PDF). Темишварски зборник. 10. Novi Sad: Матица српска: 177–197.
  4. ^ Munteanu, Ioan (1998). Timiș. Monografie. Marineasa. p. 123. ISBN 973-9496-68-7.
  5. ^ "Lovrin - Lipthay". Monumente Uitate.
  6. ^ a b c d e "Informații generale". Primăria comunei Lovrin.
  7. ^ a b c Șandru, Ion D. (2009). Lovrin. Monografie. Artpress.
  8. ^ Sarafolean, Silviu (2001). Deportații în Bărăgan, 1951-1956. Timișoara: Mirton. ISBN 973-585-424-4.
  9. ^ a b "Populația rezidentă după etnie". RPL 2021. Institutul Național de Statistică.
  10. ^ a b "Populația rezidentă după religie". RPL 2021. Institutul Național de Statistică.
  11. ^ Varga, E. Árpád. "Temes megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi/nemzetiségi) adatai 1880-2002" (PDF).
  12. ^ "Alegeri locale 2024". Rezultate Vot.