Birda

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For the village in Iran, see Birda, Iran. For the birdwatching app, see Birda (app).
Birda
Commune
St. George Monastery in Mânăstire
St. George Monastery in Mânăstire
Coat of arms of Birda
Coat of arms
Location in Timiș County
Location in Timiș County
Birda is located in Romania
Birda
Birda
Location in Romania
Coordinates: 45°25′45″N 21°20′20″E / 45.42917°N 21.33889°E / 45.42917; 21.33889
CountryRomania
CountyTimiș
Government
 • Mayor (2008–) Gheorghe Marius Stoian (PSD)
Area
[1]
68.67 km2 (26.51 sq mi)
Population
 (2021-12-01)[2]
1,819
 • Density26.49/km2 (68.61/sq mi)
Time zoneEET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code
307186–307192
Vehicle reg.TM
Websitewww.birda.ro

Birda (Hungarian and German: Birda; Serbian: Бирда, romanized: Birda)[3] is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Berecuța, Birda (commune seat), Mânăstire and Sângeorge.

Geography

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Birda is located in the southeastern part of Timiș County, bordering the town of Gătaia and the communes of Tormac, Voiteg, Opatița and Denta.

Climate

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The climate is temperate continental, having an intermediate character between the continental, Mediterranean and oceanic climates.[4] Winters are relatively mild, summers are long and hot, springs and autumns are short. The average annual temperature is 10.6 °C (51.1 °F), and the average annual rainfall is 600–700 mm (24–28 in), ensuring very good conditions for plant cultivation and animal husbandry.[4]

History

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The first recorded mention of Birda dates from 1690, from Marsigli's notes. It is probably much older and inhabited during the Turkish occupation. By 1717 Birda is recorded in the Habsburg imperial documents with 80 houses; Berecuța with 28 houses; and Sângeorge with 30 houses.[5] After 1779, it belonged to Temes County, Plasa Deta, with a post office and later a train station.[4] In 1828, the Aerarium sold Birda to the Termacici family.[5] By 1842 it had become the property of Baron Lo Presti.[5] In 1852 it came into the possession of Baron Ukermann's wife.[5] Until the end of the 19th century, Birda was inhabited only by Romanians, but at that time, the great owners settled German and Hungarian families here to cultivate their estates.

The commune of Birda was established by Law 84/2004, separating from the town of Gătaia.[6]

Demographics

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Ethnic composition (2021)[7]
  1. Romanians (85.8%)
  2. Serbs (2.36%)
  3. Germans (1.09%)
  4. Hungarians (1.04%)
  5. Unknown (8.19%)
  6. Others (1.56%)
Religious composition (2021)[8]
  1. Orthodox (80.3%)
  2. Pentecostals (3.79%)
  3. Roman Catholics (2.58%)
  4. Serbian Orthodox (2.25%)
  5. Unknown (8.57%)
  6. Others (2.07%)
  7. Irreligious, atheists and agnostics (0.43%)

Birda had a population of 1,819 inhabitants at the 2021 census, down 1.46% from the 2011 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (85.76%), larger minorities being represented by Serbs (2.36%), Germans (1.09%) and Hungarians (1.04%). For 8.19% of the population, ethnicity is unknown.[7] By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (80.31%), but there are also minorities of Pentecostals (3.79%), Roman Catholics (2.58%) and Serbian Orthodox (2.25%). For 8.57% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.[8]

Census[9] Ethnic composition
Year Population Romanians Hungarians Germans Ukrainians Serbs
1880 1,986 918 127 437 – 477
1890 2,277 978 173 558 – 538
1900 2,515 1,197 166 577 – 568
1910 2,665 1,011 214 611 – 807
1920 2,357 1,015 38 724 – –
1930 2,822 1,344 40 812 – 610
1941 2,639 1,231 16 758 – –
1956 2,291 – – – – –
1966 2,176 1,295 33 507 – 336
1977 2,164 1,316 23 509 – 257
1992 2,061 1,746 16 57 48 136
2002 1,948 1,726 19 20 43 74
2011 1,846 1,599 21 17 28 64
2021 1,819 1,560 19 20 15 43

Politics and administration

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The commune of Birda is administered by a mayor and a local council composed of 11 councilors. The mayor, Gheorghe Marius Stoian, from the Social Democratic Party, has been in office since 2008. As from the 2024 local elections, the local council has the following composition by political parties:[10]

Party Seats Composition
Social Democratic Party 10
National Liberal Party 1

Notable people

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  • Iuliu Ionescu (1888–1963), first praetor of Lipova and sub-prefect of Timiș-Torontal County
  • Laza Cnejevici [ro] (1936–2015), vocalist and instrumentalist

References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Birda.
  1. ^ "Primăria Birda". Ghidul Primăriilor.
  2. ^ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
  3. ^ Popov, Dejan (2018). Bugarski, Stevan (ed.). "Свештенство Епархије темишварске 1797. године" (PDF). Темишварски зборник. 10. Novi Sad: Матица српска: 177–197.
  4. ^ a b c "Informații generale". Primăria comunei Birda.
  5. ^ a b c d "Fișa Primăriei comunei Birda". Consiliul Județean Timiș.
  6. ^ "Lege nr. 84 din 5 aprilie 2004 pentru înființarea unor comune". Portal Legislativ.
  7. ^ a b "Populația rezidentă după etnie". RPL 2021. Institutul Național de Statistică.
  8. ^ a b "Populația rezidentă după religie". RPL 2021. Institutul Național de Statistică.
  9. ^ Varga, E. Árpád. "Temes megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi/nemzetiségi) adatai 1880-2002" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-10. Retrieved 2021-09-08.
  10. ^ "Alegeri locale 2024". Rezultate Vot.