Demographics of Calgary

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Downtown Calgary
Federal census
population history
YearPop.±%
18913,876—    
19014,091+5.5%
190611,967+192.5%
191143,704+265.2%
191656,514+29.3%
192163,305+12.0%
192665,291+3.1%
193183,761+28.3%
193683,407−0.4%
194188,904+6.6%
1946100,044+12.5%
1951129,060+29.0%
1956181,780+40.8%
1961249,641+37.3%
1966330,575+32.4%
1971403,319+22.0%
1976469,917+16.5%
1981592,743+26.1%
1986636,107+7.3%
1991710,795+11.7%
1996768,082+8.1%
2001878,866+14.4%
2006988,193+12.4%
20111,096,833+11.0%
20161,239,220+13.0%
20211,306,784+5.5%
Source: Statistics Canada
[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]
[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]

In the 2021 Census, the City of Calgary had a population of 1,306,784 residents, representing 30.7% of the 4,262,635 residents in all of Alberta, and 3.5% compared to a population of 36,991,981 in all of Canada.[23] The total population of the Calgary census metropolitan area (CMA) was 1,481,806.[24] Calgary is the largest city in Alberta, and the third-largest municipality, and fifth-largest metropolitan area in Canada, as of 2021.

Civic census

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Section 57 of Alberta's Municipal Government Act (MGA) enables municipalities to conduct censuses.[25] The City of Calgary first conducted a municipal census, or civic census, in 1931.[26] It has conducted a civic census annually since 1958.[26]

Calgary's 2016 civic census counted a population of 1,381,345.[27] From 2011 to 2012, there was a 2.7% increase over its 2011 municipal census population of 1,090,936.[28][29] The city attributed the 29,289 increase in residents to a natural increase of 9,631 and a net migration of 19,658 since the 2011 civic census.[30] The 2012 civic census also recorded a total 459,339 dwellings in the city.[30]

2012 population breakdown

[edit]

The following is a breakdown of the City of Calgary's 2012 civic census results by community, including residential communities, industrial areas, major parks and residual areas by electoral ward.[30]

Growth and density

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Between 2016 and 2021, the population of the City of Calgary grew by 5.5%, compared with an increase of 7.8% for the Calgary CMA.[36] During the same period, the growth rates were 10.8% for Alberta and 5.9% for Canada.[24] With land areas of 820.62 km2 (316.84 sq mi) and 5,098.68 km2 (1,968.61 sq mi) for the city and CMA respectively, the population density was 1,592.435/km2 (4,124.388/sq mi) for the city and 290.6254/km2 (752.7164/sq mi) for the CMA in 2021.[24]

Age and gender

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In the 2011 census, the median age was 36.4 years for both the City of Calgary and its CMA.[36] Comparatively, the median ages were 36.5 years in Alberta and 40.6 years in Canada.[37] The largest age group was 25 to 29 years for both the city (93,360) and the CMA (100,290).[36]

The 2011 census also indicated that 50.09% of the population was female and 49.91% was male in the city (549,360 females and 547,475 males) and 50.05% and 49.95% in the CMA (607,970 females and 606,870 males).[36]

Ethnicity

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Metro Calgary

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Population by ethnicity in Calgary CMA, 2016
Ethnic Origin[38] Population Percent
English 298,865 21.74%
Canadian 275,950 20.07%
Scottish 240,775 17.52%
German 201,650 14.67%
Irish 197,185 14.34%
French 118,080 8.59%
Chinese 104,620 7.61%
Ukrainian 90,740 6.60%
East Indian 90,620 6.59%
Filipino 75,020 5.46%
Panethnic groups in Metro Calgary (2001−2021)
Panethnic group 2021[39][40] 2016[41] 2011[42] 2006[43] 2001[44]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
European[a] 849,560 57.98% 869,555 63.26% 828,330 69.08% 805,825 75.29% 756,500 80.2%
South Asian 153,200 10.46% 122,900 8.94% 84,870 7.08% 57,700 5.39% 36,855 3.91%
Southeast Asian[b] 117,445 8.02% 93,900 6.83% 71,245 5.94% 41,320 3.86% 28,940 3.07%
East Asian[c] 112,825 7.7% 106,240 7.73% 89,345 7.45% 77,885 7.28% 59,585 6.32%
African 75,645 5.16% 54,190 3.94% 32,985 2.75% 21,060 1.97% 13,665 1.45%
Indigenous 48,625 3.32% 41,645 3.03% 33,370 2.78% 26,575 2.48% 21,915 2.32%
Middle Eastern[d] 48,180 3.29% 39,130 2.85% 25,765 2.15% 17,670 1.65% 11,390 1.21%
Latin American 34,390 2.35% 27,710 2.02% 20,595 1.72% 13,410 1.25% 8,605 0.91%
Other/Multiracial[e] 26,265 1.79% 19,385 1.41% 12,620 1.05% 8,840 0.83% 5,865 0.62%
Total responses 1,465,180 98.88% 1,374,650 98.71% 1,199,125 98.71% 1,070,295 99.16% 943,310 99.15%
Total population 1,481,806 100% 1,392,609 100% 1,214,839 100% 1,079,310 100% 951,395 100%
Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses

Future projections

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Pan−ethnic Origin Projections (2041)
2041[45][46][47][48]
Population %
European[f] 1,042,500 42.05%
South Asian 395,000 15.93%
Southeast Asian[b] 265,000 10.69%
East Asian[c] 223,000 9%
African 196,000 7.91%
Middle Eastern[d] 135,000 5.45%
Indigenous 90,500 3.65%
Latin American 76,000 3.07%
Other/multiracial 55,000 2.22%
Projected Metro Calgary Population 2,479,000 100%

City of Calgary

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Largest panethnic groups in Calgary by neighbourhood, 2021 census (grey areas are non-residential)
Panethnic groups in the City of Calgary (2001−2021)
Panethnic group 2021[49] 2016[50] 2011[51] 2006[52] 2001[53]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
European[g] 715,725 55.41% 744,625 60.91% 727,935 67.26% 722,595 73.77% 688,465 79.03%
South Asian 141,660 10.97% 115,795 9.47% 81,180 7.5% 56,210 5.74% 36,370 4.17%
Southeast Asian[b] 110,610 8.56% 89,260 7.3% 67,880 6.27% 40,325 4.12% 28,605 3.28%
East Asian[c] 109,615 8.49% 103,640 8.48% 87,390 8.07% 76,565 7.82% 59,020 6.78%
African 70,680 5.47% 51,515 4.21% 31,870 2.94% 20,540 2.1% 13,370 1.53%
Middle Eastern[d] 45,885 3.55% 37,800 3.09% 25,215 2.33% 17,175 1.75% 11,300 1.3%
Indigenous 41,350 3.2% 35,195 2.88% 28,905 2.67% 24,425 2.49% 19,765 2.27%
Latin American 31,855 2.47% 26,265 2.15% 19,870 1.84% 13,120 1.34% 8,525 0.98%
Other/Multiracial[e] 24,400 1.89% 18,305 1.5% 11,990 1.11% 8,525 0.87% 5,735 0.66%
Total responses 1,291,770 98.85% 1,222,405 98.64% 1,082,230 98.67% 979,485 99.12% 871,140 99.12%
Total population 1,306,784 100% 1,239,220 100% 1,096,833 100% 988,193 100% 878,866 100%
Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses

Religion

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City of Calgary

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Religion in Calgary (2021)
  1. Christian (44.5%)
  2. No Religion (38.7%)
  3. Muslim (7.40%)
  4. Sikh (3.80%)
  5. Hindu (2.60%)
  6. Buddhist (1.60%)
  7. Jewish (0.50%)
  8. Aboriginal Spirituality (0.10%)
  9. Other (0.80%)
Largest non-Christian religion in Calgary by neighbourhood, 2021 census (grey areas are non-residential)
Religion (2021)[54] Population Percent
Christian 575,250 44.5%
No religion 499,375 38.7%
Islam 95,925 7.4%
Sikh 49,465 3.8%
Hindu 33,450 2.6%
Buddhist 20,855 1.6%
Jewish 6,390 0.5%
Aboriginal Spirituality 1,370 0.1%
Other 9,695 0.8%

Metro Calgary

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Religious groups in Metro Calgary (1981−2021)
Religious group 2021[55] 2011[56] 2001[57] 1991[58][59] 1981[60][61]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Christianity 656,315 44.79% 667,110 55.63% 632,295 67.03% 541,785 72.41% 482,730 82.23%
Irreligion 576,025 39.31% 388,365 32.39% 237,575 25.19% 165,635 22.14% 81,600 13.9%
Islam 100,825 6.88% 58,310 4.86% 25,920 2.75% 13,895 1.86% 8,390 1.43%
Sikhism 56,055 3.83% 30,420 2.54% 13,325 1.41% 6,075 0.81% 2,505 0.43%
Hinduism 34,920 2.38% 17,835 1.49% 7,260 0.77% 4,155 0.56% 2,710 0.46%
Buddhism 22,125 1.51% 23,260 1.94% 16,635 1.76% 8,870 1.19% 2,170 0.37%
Judaism 6,705 0.46% 6,170 0.51% 6,530 0.69% 5,455 0.73% 5,575 0.95%
Indigenous spirituality 1,480 0.1% 1,195 0.1% — — — — — —
Other 10,730 0.73% 6,465 0.54% 3,775 0.4% 2,340 0.31% 780 0.13%
Total responses 1,465,175 98.88% 1,199,125 98.71% 943,310 99.15% 748,215 99.23% 587,020 99.03%
Total population 1,481,806 100% 1,214,839 100% 951,395 100% 754,033 100% 592,743 100%

Language

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Knowledge of languages

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Metro Calgary

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Largest non-official knowledge of language in Calgary by neighbourhoood, 2021 census (grey areas are non-residential)

The question on knowledge of languages allows for multiple responses. The following figures are from the 2021 Canadian Census, and lists languages that were selected by at least 1,000 respondents.

Knowledge of Languages in Metro Calgary
Language 2021[62]
Pop. %
English 1,430,255 97.62%
French 98,320 6.71%
Tagalog 70,230 4.79%
Punjabi 68,240 4.66%
Spanish 58,975 4.03%
Mandarin 46,240 3.16%
Cantonese 42,805 2.92%
Hindi 44,965 3.07%
Arabic 34,975 2.39%
Urdu 31,625 2.16%
Vietnamese 19,290 1.32%
German 16,305 1.11%
Russian 15,020 1.03%
Korean 12,225 0.83%
Gujarati 11,115 0.76%
Italian 9,510 0.65%
Polish 9,110 0.62%
Amharic 8,450 0.58%
Tigrinya 7,655 0.52%
Iranian Persian 6,960 0.48%
Portuguese 6,780 0.46%
Serbo-Croatian 6,600 0.45%
Ilocano 6,560 0.45%
Yoruba 6,335 0.43%
Bengali 6,140 0.42%
Romanian 5,875 0.4%
Japanese 5,155 0.35%
Dari 4,760 0.32%
Ukrainian 4,620 0.32%
Dutch 4,540 0.31%
Tamil 4,425 0.3%
Malayalam 3,850 0.26%
Hungarian 3,665 0.25%
Cebuano 3,530 0.24%
Swahili 3,405 0.23%
Igbo 3,030 0.21%
Nepali 2,925 0.2%
Turkish 2,600 0.18%
Somali 2,430 0.17%
Telugu 2,425 0.17%
Min Nan 2,380 0.16%
Greek 2,335 0.16%
Kutchi 2,320 0.16%
Marathi 2,290 0.16%
Czech 2,130 0.15%
Oromo 2,115 0.14%
Afrikaans 2,070 0.14%
Hebrew 2,065 0.14%
Albanian 1,865 0.13%
Slovak 1,440 0.1%
Kurdish 1,420 0.1%
Akan (Twi) 1,395 0.1%
Sinhala 1,380 0.09%
Hiligaynon 1,365 0.09%
Thai 1,300 0.09%
Khmer 1,255 0.09%
Indonesian 1,250 0.09%
Pampangan 1,145 0.08%
Bisaya, n.o.s. 1,115 0.08%
Kannada 1,085 0.07%
Danish 1,075 0.07%
Bulgarian 1,015 0.07%
Total responses 1,465,175 98.88%
Total population 1,481,806 100%

Mother tongue

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Metro Calgary

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Based on Calgary's 2016 metropolitan census reporting a population of 1,381,345, English is the mother tongue for 67.8 per cent of inhabitants. French-speakers make up 1.5 per cent with 20,715 people. Other languages make up 30.7 per cent or 383,320. The top five languages outside English and French in Calgary are Tagalog (Pilipino; Filipino), Punjabi (Panjabi), Cantonese, Mandarin, and Spanish (at 8,685 or 2.1 per cent of Calgary's population).[63]

City of Calgary

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Top 25 languages Calgary, 2016[64] Population %
English 806,815 67.8
Tagalog 39,285 3.3
Punjabi 38,840 3.3
Cantonese 33,700 2.8
Mandarin 28,355 2.4
Spanish 27,055 2.3
Arabic 18,390 1.5
French 18,150 1.5
Urdu 16,320 1.4
Vietnamese 12,550 1.1
German 9,895 0.8
Persian 9,525 0.8
Russian 9,255 0.8
Korean 8,880 0.7
Polish 7,680 0.6
Hindi 7,050 0.6
Gujarati 5,390 0.5
Yoruba 5,306 0.5
Italian 5,000 0.4
Romanian 4,495 0.4
Bengali 4,070 0.3
Amharic 4,050 0.3
Dutch 3,435 0.3
Hungarian 3,395 0.3
Portuguese 3,360 0.3
Ukrainian 3,345 0.3

Immigration

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Largest nation of birth of immigrants in Calgary by neighbourhood, 2021 census (grey areas are non-residential)

The 2021 census reported that immigrants (individuals born outside Canada) comprise 460,875 persons or 31.5 percent of the total population of Metro Calgary.[65][66]

Immigrants in Metro Calgary by country of birth (1986–2021)
Country of birth 2021[65][66] 2016[67][68] 2011[69][70] 2006[71][72] 2001[73][74][75] 1996[76][74][77][78][79] 1991[77][80][81] 1986[77][82][83][84][85]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Philippines 68,825 14.9% 53,450 13.2% 34,365 10.9% 18,710 7.4% 12,205 6.2% 9,015 5.3% 6,110 4% 4,570 3.3%
India 61,225 13.3% 46,945 11.6% 31,375 10% 21,540 8.5% 12,945 6.6% 8,555 5% 6,455 4.3% 5,525 4%
China 36,785 8% 34,945 8.6% 29,720 9.5% 24,710 9.8% 14,760 7.5% 11,500 6.7% 8,935 5.9% 7,060 5.1%
United Kingdom 24,450 5.3% 26,175 6.5% 25,125 8% 26,060 10.3% 25,415 12.9% 25,930 15.2% 28,075 18.5% 29,695 21.5%
Pakistan 19,375 4.2% 17,740 4.4% 11,575 3.7% 7,870 3.1% 3,440 1.7% 1,845 1.1% 1,240 0.8% 825 0.6%
Vietnam 16,265 3.5% 15,700 3.9% 14,730 4.7% 13,890 5.5% 11,765 6% 10,950 6.4% 9,220 6.1% 6,970 5%
Nigeria 13,340 2.9% 7,690 1.9% 3,560 1.1% 1,150 0.5% 685 0.3% 160 0.1% 220 0.1% 195 0.1%
United States 12,405 2.7% 12,110 3% 12,375 3.9% 11,035 4.4% 10,205 5.2% 9,385 5.5% 9,560 6.3% 11,065 8%
Hong Kong 10,940 2.4% 11,110 2.7% 10,010 3.2% 10,190 4% 10,725 5.4% 10,800 6.3% 7,695 5.1% 5,050 3.7%
South Korea 8,600 1.9% 7,280 1.8% 5,565 1.8% 4,795 1.9% 2,930 1.5% 1,695 1% 1,020 0.7% 1,140 0.8%
Ethiopia 7,160 1.6% 5,230 1.3% 3,540 1.1% 1,855 0.7% 690 0.3% 395 0.2% 465[h] 0.3% 170[h] 0.1%
Poland 6,325 1.4% 6,840 1.7% 6,575 2.1% 6,670 2.6% 6,730 3.4% 6,900 4% 5,855 3.9% 4,515 3.3%
Colombia 6,200 1.3% 5,805 1.4% 4,255 1.4% 1,895 0.7% 610 0.3% 235 0.1% 200 0.1% 85 0.1%
Iran 5,695 1.2% 5,800 1.4% 3,485 1.1% 2,330 0.9% 1,405 0.7% 835 0.5% 860 0.6% 325 0.2%
Germany 5,550 1.2% 6,485 1.6% 6,690 2.1% 7,040 2.8% 7,265 3.7% 7,860 4.6% 7,960 5.2% 8,145 5.9%
Mexico 5,400 1.2% 4,485 1.1% 2,560 0.8% 1,335 0.5% 760 0.4% 445 0.3% 430 0.3% 295 0.2%
Eritrea 4,775 1% 2,270 0.6% 745 0.2% 415 0.2% 390 0.2% 170 0.1% —[i] — —[i] —
Russia 4,450 1% 4,000 1% 3,450 1.1% 2,585 1% 1,850 0.9% 1,065 0.6% 2,695[j] 1.8% 2,605[j] 1.9%
Lebanon 4,420 1% 4,335 1.1% 3,715 1.2% 3,085 1.2% 2,980 1.5% 2,345 1.4% 1,990 1.3% 1,350 1%
Syria 4,415 1% 2,195 0.5% 605 0.2% 570 0.2% 360 0.2% 315 0.2% 255 0.2% 110 0.1%
Total immigrants 460,875 31.5% 404,700 29.4% 313,880 26.2% 252,765 23.6% 197,410 20.9% 170,880 20.9% 151,745 20.3% 138,295 20.8%
Total responses 1,465,180 98.9% 1,374,650 98.7% 1,199,125 98.7% 1,070,295 99.2% 943,310 99.2% 815,985 99.3% 748,215 99.2% 665,845 99.2%
Total population 1,481,806 100% 1,392,609 100% 1,214,839 100% 1,079,310 100% 951,395 100% 821,628 100% 754,033 100% 671,326 100%

Recent immigration

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Largest nation of birth of recent immigrants (2016-2021) in Calgary by neighbourhood (grey areas are non-residential or have no recent immigrants)

The 2021 Canadian census counted a total of 85,620 people who immigrated to Metro Calgary between 2016 and 2021.[65][66]

Recent immigrants to Metro Calgary by Country of birth (2016 to 2021)[65][66]
Country of Birth Population % recent immigrants
Philippines 16,430 19.2%
India 14,755 17.2%
Nigeria 6,170 7.2%
China 5,605 6.5%
Syria 3,095 3.6%
Eritrea 2,545 3%
Pakistan 2,385 2.8%
United States 2,370 2.8%
Ethiopia 1,850 2.2%
South Korea 1,800 2.1%
United Kingdom 1,675 2%
Mexico 1,410 1.6%
Vietnam 960 1.1%
Iraq 945 1.1%
Brazil 900 1.1%
Venezuela 900 1.1%
Afghanistan 870 1%
Iran 865 1%
South Africa 755 0.9%
Ukraine 750 0.9%
Russia 685 0.8%
Colombia 675 0.8%
Bangladesh 640 0.7%
Egypt 610 0.7%
Jamaica 555 0.6%
Total 85,620 100%

See also

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References

[edit]
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  19. ^ "Table 10: Population and Dwelling Counts, for Census Divisions, Census Subdivisions (Municipalities) and Designated Places, 1991 and 1996 Censuses – 100% Data". 96 Census. Vol. A National Overview – Population and Dwelling Counts. Ottawa: Statistics Canada. 1997. pp. 136–146. ISBN 0-660-59283-5.
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  24. ^ a b c "Population change by rank, 2016 to 2021 for CMAs or CAs in Alberta". Statistics Canada. 2022-02-25. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  25. ^ "Municipal Government Act". Alberta Queen’s Printer. 2010-09-10. Retrieved 2012-07-03.
  26. ^ a b "Calgary's population hits 1,071,515 – Civic Census Results". City of Calgary. 2010-07-22. Retrieved 2012-07-03.
  27. ^ "Calgary 2016 Civic Census Metropolitan Area". Hola Calgary. 2012-06-28. Archived from the original on 2017-12-04. Retrieved 2012-07-03.
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  1. ^ 2001-2016: Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.

    2021: Statistic includes all persons belonging to the non-indigenous and non-visible minority “White” population group.
  2. ^ a b c Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.
  3. ^ a b c Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.
  4. ^ a b c Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.
  5. ^ a b Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, n.i.e." and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.
  6. ^ Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an Indigenous identity.
  7. ^ Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.
  8. ^ a b Includes Eritrea.
  9. ^ a b Included with Ethiopia.
  10. ^ a b Includes total persons born in all republics of the Soviet Union.
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