Apiaká of Tocantins

Apiaká
Apiaká
Apingi, Apiaka-Tocantins
Native to	Brazil
Region	Tocantins
Extinct	late 20th century
Language family	Cariban Pekodian Xinguan Paranayubic Apiaká; ; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	None (mis)
Glottolog	apia1247 Apiaka-Tocantins

Apiaká of Tocantins, also known as Apingi, is an extinct and poorly attested Cariban language, most closely related to the extinct Yarumá language.^[1] Kaufman (2007)^[2] placed it in his Arara branch. It was said to be moribund in 1968, with only a few speakers.^[3]

References

^ "Glottolog 5.2 - Apiaka-Tocantins". glottolog.org. Retrieved 2025-09-18.
^ Bradley, David; Campbell, Lyle; Comrie, Bernard; Goddard, Ives; Golla, Victor; Irvine, Arthur; Kaufman, Terrence; Mackenzie, J. Lachlan; Mithun, Marianne (2007), Asher, R. E.; Moseley, Christopher (eds.), Atlas of the world's languages (2nd ed.), London and New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, p. 76, ISBN 978-0-415-31074-1, retrieved 2025-03-20
^ Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center. Retrieved 2025-03-03.

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[1] "Glottolog 5.2 - Apiaka-Tocantins". glottolog.org. Retrieved 2025-09-18.

[2] Bradley, David; Campbell, Lyle; Comrie, Bernard; Goddard, Ives; Golla, Victor; Irvine, Arthur; Kaufman, Terrence; Mackenzie, J. Lachlan; Mithun, Marianne (2007), Asher, R. E.; Moseley, Christopher (eds.), Atlas of the world's languages (2nd ed.), London and New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, p. 76, ISBN 978-0-415-31074-1, retrieved 2025-03-20

[Loukotka-3] Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center. Retrieved 2025-03-03.

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