1976 United States Senate election in Virginia
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| Turnout | 47.0%[1] | ||||||||||||||||
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 County and independent city results Byrd: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% Zumwalt: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% Perper: 40–50% | |||||||||||||||||
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| Elections in Virginia |
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The 1976 United States Senate election in Virginia was held on November 2, 1976. Incumbent Senator Harry F. Byrd Jr. was re-elected to a second term over retired Admiral Elmo Zumwalt and state legislator Martin H. Perper. As of 2025, this is the last statewide race in Virginia won by an independent.
General election
[edit]Candidates
[edit]- Harry F. Byrd Jr., incumbent U.S. Senator (Independent)
- Elmo Zumwalt, former Naval officer and Chief of Naval Operations (Democratic)
- Martin H. Perper, former member of Virginia state legislature (Independent Republican)
Results
[edit]| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Independent | Harry F. Byrd Jr. (incumbent) | 890,778 | 57.19% | +3.65% | |
| Democratic | Elmo Zumwalt | 596,009 | 38.27% | +7.12% | |
| Independent Republican | Martin H. Perper | 70,559 | 4.53% | ||
| Write-ins | 154 | 0.01% | |||
| Majority | 294,769 | 18.93% | −3.45% | ||
| Turnout | 1,557,500 | ||||
| Independent hold | |||||
Results by county or independent city
[edit]| Elmo Russell Zumwalt Jr. Democratic |
Harry Flood Byrd Jr. Independent |
Martin Howard Perper Independent Republican |
Various candidates Write-ins |
Margin | Total votes cast | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | ||
| Accomack County | 2,574 | 28.89% | 6,023 | 67.59% | 314 | 3.52% | -3,449 | -38.70% | 8,911 | ||
| Albemarle County | 6,074 | 38.26% | 9,288 | 58.50% | 514 | 3.24% | 1 | 0.01% | -3,214 | -20.24% | 15,877 |
| Alleghany County | 1,544 | 36.85% | 2,514 | 60.00% | 132 | 3.15% | -970 | -23.15% | 4,190 | ||
| Amelia County | 978 | 30.91% | 2,095 | 66.21% | 91 | 2.88% | -1,117 | -35.30% | 3,164 | ||
| Amherst County | 2,280 | 31.28% | 4,832 | 66.29% | 177 | 2.43% | -2,552 | -35.01% | 7,289 | ||
| Appomattox County | 866 | 23.55% | 2,649 | 72.02% | 163 | 4.43% | -1,783 | -48.48% | 3,678 | ||
| Arlington County | 30,619 | 50.43% | 27,377 | 45.09% | 2,712 | 4.47% | 6 | 0.01% | 3,242 | 5.34% | 60,714 |
| Augusta County | 3,880 | 28.10% | 8,945 | 64.79% | 980 | 7.10% | 1 | 0.01% | -5,065 | -36.69% | 13,806 |
| Bath County | 415 | 21.67% | 1,418 | 74.05% | 82 | 4.28% | -1,003 | -52.38% | 1,915 | ||
| Bedford County | 3,017 | 34.86% | 5,207 | 60.17% | 430 | 4.97% | -2,190 | -25.31% | 8,654 | ||
| Bland County | 468 | 24.30% | 1,343 | 69.73% | 115 | 5.97% | -875 | -45.43% | 1,926 | ||
| Botetourt County | 2,460 | 35.15% | 4,070 | 58.15% | 465 | 6.64% | 4 | 0.06% | -1,610 | -23.00% | 6,999 |
| Brunswick County | 1,722 | 33.99% | 3,228 | 63.72% | 116 | 2.29% | -1,506 | -29.73% | 5,066 | ||
| Buchanan County | 4,654 | 54.86% | 3,334 | 39.30% | 495 | 5.84% | 1,320 | 15.56% | 8,483 | ||
| Buckingham County | 1,026 | 29.15% | 2,354 | 66.88% | 140 | 3.98% | -1,328 | -37.73% | 3,520 | ||
| Campbell County | 2,274 | 20.70% | 3,385 | 30.81% | 5,326 | 48.48% | -1,941[a] | -17.67% | 10,985 | ||
| Caroline County | 1,939 | 44.81% | 2,208 | 51.03% | 180 | 4.16% | -269 | -6.22% | 4,327 | ||
| Carroll County | 2,566 | 35.59% | 4,229 | 58.66% | 414 | 5.74% | -1,663 | -23.07% | 7,209 | ||
| Charles City County | 1,056 | 60.97% | 558 | 32.22% | 118 | 6.81% | 498 | 28.75% | 1,732 | ||
| Charlotte County | 980 | 23.51% | 3,056 | 73.30% | 133 | 3.19% | -2,076 | -49.80% | 4,169 | ||
| Chesterfield County | 10,778 | 26.05% | 29,382 | 71.01% | 1,211 | 2.93% | 4 | 0.01% | -18,604 | -44.96% | 41,375 |
| Clarke County | 500 | 18.42% | 2,093 | 77.12% | 120 | 4.42% | 1 | 0.04% | -1,593 | -58.70% | 2,714 |
| Craig County | 747 | 45.11% | 860 | 51.93% | 49 | 2.96% | -113 | -6.82% | 1,656 | ||
| Culpeper County | 1,721 | 27.02% | 4,343 | 68.18% | 306 | 4.80% | -2,622 | -41.16% | 6,370 | ||
| Cumberland County | 887 | 37.02% | 1,441 | 60.14% | 68 | 2.84% | -554 | -23.12% | 2,396 | ||
| Dickenson County | 3,387 | 49.32% | 2,622 | 38.18% | 859 | 12.51% | 765 | 11.14% | 6,868 | ||
| Dinwiddie County | 2,238 | 38.05% | 3,519 | 59.83% | 125 | 2.13% | -1,281 | -21.78% | 5,882 | ||
| Essex County | 680 | 27.90% | 1,692 | 69.43% | 65 | 2.67% | -1,012 | -41.53% | 2,437 | ||
| Fairfax County | 89,908 | 46.92% | 90,750 | 47.36% | 10,919 | 5.70% | 38 | 0.02% | -842 | -0.44% | 191,615 |
| Fauquier County | 2,585 | 30.97% | 5,316 | 63.70% | 444 | 5.32% | 1 | 0.01% | -2,731 | -32.72% | 8,346 |
| Floyd County | 1,023 | 30.44% | 2,146 | 63.85% | 192 | 5.71% | -1,123 | -33.41% | 3,361 | ||
| Fluvanna County | 817 | 31.88% | 1,662 | 64.85% | 84 | 3.28% | -845 | -32.97% | 2,563 | ||
| Franklin County | 3,068 | 33.30% | 5,711 | 62.00% | 433 | 4.70% | -2,643 | -28.69% | 9,212 | ||
| Frederick County | 1,849 | 21.72% | 6,153 | 72.29% | 510 | 5.99% | -4,304 | -50.56% | 8,512 | ||
| Giles County | 2,214 | 37.39% | 3,409 | 57.57% | 299 | 5.05% | -1,195 | -20.18% | 5,922 | ||
| Gloucester County | 1,694 | 29.83% | 3,765 | 66.31% | 219 | 3.86% | -2,071 | -36.47% | 5,678 | ||
| Goochland County | 1,651 | 39.52% | 2,448 | 58.59% | 79 | 1.89% | -797 | -19.08% | 4,178 | ||
| Grayson County | 2,094 | 45.49% | 2,272 | 49.36% | 237 | 5.15% | -178 | -3.87% | 4,603 | ||
| Greene County | 594 | 31.56% | 1,164 | 61.85% | 124 | 6.59% | -570 | -30.29% | 1,882 | ||
| Greensville County | 1,471 | 45.75% | 1,701 | 52.91% | 43 | 1.34% | -230 | -7.15% | 3,215 | ||
| Halifax County | 1,725 | 22.78% | 5,409 | 71.42% | 440 | 5.81% | -3,684 | -48.64% | 7,574 | ||
| Hanover County | 4,217 | 24.48% | 12,547 | 72.83% | 462 | 2.68% | 1 | 0.01% | -8,330 | -48.35% | 17,227 |
| Henrico County | 17,724 | 26.69% | 46,576 | 70.13% | 2,108 | 3.17% | 5 | 0.01% | -28,852 | -43.44% | 66,413 |
| Henry County | 5,798 | 42.09% | 7,394 | 53.68% | 583 | 4.23% | -1,596 | -11.59% | 13,775 | ||
| Highland County | 160 | 14.23% | 921 | 81.94% | 43 | 3.83% | -761 | -67.70% | 1,124 | ||
| Isle of Wight County | 2,683 | 40.87% | 3,727 | 56.78% | 154 | 2.35% | -1,044 | -15.90% | 6,564 | ||
| James City County | 2,192 | 38.40% | 3,329 | 58.32% | 187 | 3.28% | -1,137 | -19.92% | 5,708 | ||
| King and Queen County | 525 | 33.00% | 992 | 62.35% | 74 | 4.65% | -467 | -29.35% | 1,591 | ||
| King George County | 845 | 31.04% | 1,702 | 62.53% | 175 | 6.43% | -857 | -31.48% | 2,722 | ||
| King William County | 1,012 | 34.52% | 1,856 | 63.30% | 64 | 2.18% | -844 | -28.79% | 2,932 | ||
| Lancaster County | 1,053 | 27.32% | 2,700 | 70.06% | 101 | 2.62% | -1,647 | -42.73% | 3,854 | ||
| Lee County | 3,285 | 38.95% | 4,424 | 52.45% | 725 | 8.60% | -1,139 | -13.50% | 8,434 | ||
| Loudoun County | 6,178 | 37.29% | 9,487 | 57.26% | 900 | 5.43% | 2 | 0.01% | -3,309 | -19.97% | 16,567 |
| Louisa County | 1,691 | 35.89% | 2,830 | 60.06% | 191 | 4.05% | -1,139 | -24.17% | 4,712 | ||
| Lunenburg County | 893 | 25.51% | 2,476 | 70.72% | 132 | 3.77% | -1,583 | -45.22% | 3,501 | ||
| Madison County | 802 | 25.39% | 2,196 | 69.52% | 161 | 5.10% | -1,394 | -44.13% | 3,159 | ||
| Mathews County | 691 | 23.05% | 2,213 | 73.82% | 94 | 3.14% | -1,522 | -50.77% | 2,998 | ||
| Mecklenburg County | 2,101 | 26.06% | 5,709 | 70.80% | 253 | 3.14% | -3,608 | -44.75% | 8,063 | ||
| Middlesex County | 724 | 26.81% | 1,880 | 69.63% | 96 | 3.56% | -1,156 | -42.81% | 2,700 | ||
| Montgomery County | 5,607 | 37.76% | 8,774 | 59.09% | 467 | 3.15% | -3,167 | -21.33% | 14,848 | ||
| Nelson County | 1,319 | 35.41% | 2,289 | 61.45% | 117 | 3.14% | -970 | -26.04% | 3,725 | ||
| New Kent County | 797 | 31.78% | 1,586 | 63.24% | 125 | 4.98% | -789 | -31.46% | 2,508 | ||
| Northampton County | 1,617 | 38.70% | 2,409 | 57.66% | 152 | 3.64% | -792 | -18.96% | 4,178 | ||
| Northumberland County | 1,024 | 27.63% | 2,529 | 68.24% | 153 | 4.13% | -1,505 | -40.61% | 3,706 | ||
| Nottoway County | 1,438 | 30.45% | 3,106 | 65.78% | 178 | 3.77% | -1,668 | -35.32% | 4,722 | ||
| Orange County | 1,401 | 30.40% | 2,965 | 64.34% | 242 | 5.25% | -1,564 | -33.94% | 4,608 | ||
| Page County | 1,747 | 26.94% | 4,391 | 67.72% | 345 | 5.32% | 1 | 0.02% | -2,644 | -40.78% | 6,484 |
| Patrick County | 1,189 | 27.52% | 2,831 | 65.53% | 300 | 6.94% | -1,642 | -38.01% | 4,320 | ||
| Pittsylvania County | 3,874 | 25.28% | 10,843 | 70.75% | 608 | 3.97% | -6,969 | -45.47% | 15,325 | ||
| Powhatan County | 1,107 | 32.30% | 2,255 | 65.80% | 65 | 1.90% | -1,148 | -33.50% | 3,427 | ||
| Prince Edward County | 1,488 | 30.96% | 3,104 | 64.59% | 214 | 4.45% | -1,616 | -33.62% | 4,806 | ||
| Prince George County | 1,720 | 37.77% | 2,718 | 59.68% | 116 | 2.55% | -998 | -21.91% | 4,554 | ||
| Prince William County | 13,568 | 46.91% | 13,531 | 46.79% | 1,820 | 6.29% | 2 | 0.01% | 37 | 0.13% | 28,921 |
| Pulaski County | 3,569 | 37.74% | 5,481 | 57.96% | 406 | 4.29% | -1,912 | -20.22% | 9,456 | ||
| Rappahannock County | 608 | 30.54% | 1,265 | 63.54% | 118 | 5.93% | -657 | -33.00% | 1,991 | ||
| Richmond County | 452 | 19.83% | 1,771 | 77.71% | 56 | 2.46% | -1,319 | -57.88% | 2,279 | ||
| Roanoke County | 8,134 | 31.80% | 16,396 | 64.09% | 1,051 | 4.11% | -8,262 | -32.30% | 25,581 | ||
| Rockbridge County | 1,396 | 30.53% | 3,024 | 66.13% | 151 | 3.30% | 2 | 0.04% | -1,628 | -35.60% | 4,573 |
| Rockingham County | 4,034 | 27.08% | 10,014 | 67.22% | 849 | 5.70% | -5,980 | -40.14% | 14,897 | ||
| Russell County | 4,415 | 47.48% | 4,514 | 48.55% | 369 | 3.97% | -99 | -1.06% | 9,298 | ||
| Scott County | 3,231 | 41.48% | 4,114 | 52.82% | 443 | 5.69% | 1 | 0.01% | -883 | -11.34% | 7,789 |
| Shenandoah County | 1,942 | 21.07% | 6,791 | 73.70% | 479 | 5.20% | 3 | 0.03% | -4,849 | -52.62% | 9,215 |
| Smyth County | 2,814 | 29.76% | 6,394 | 67.63% | 247 | 2.61% | -3,580 | -37.86% | 9,455 | ||
| Southampton County | 1,567 | 30.30% | 3,486 | 67.40% | 119 | 2.30% | -1,919 | -37.10% | 5,172 | ||
| Spotsylvania County | 2,470 | 35.60% | 4,099 | 59.07% | 369 | 5.32% | 1 | 0.01% | -1,629 | -23.48% | 6,939 |
| Stafford County | 2,981 | 33.18% | 5,510 | 61.32% | 494 | 5.50% | -2,529 | -28.15% | 8,985 | ||
| Surry County | 998 | 39.98% | 1,405 | 56.29% | 93 | 3.73% | -407 | -16.31% | 2,496 | ||
| Sussex County | 1,736 | 46.16% | 1,905 | 50.65% | 120 | 3.19% | -169 | -4.49% | 3,761 | ||
| Tazewell County | 3,961 | 33.82% | 6,186 | 52.82% | 1,564 | 13.35% | -2,225 | -19.00% | 11,711 | ||
| Warren County | 2,177 | 35.79% | 3,607 | 59.31% | 298 | 4.90% | -1,430 | -23.51% | 6,082 | ||
| Washington County | 3,612 | 30.15% | 7,966 | 66.50% | 399 | 3.33% | 2 | 0.02% | -4,354 | -36.35% | 11,979 |
| Westmoreland County | 1,502 | 38.17% | 2,241 | 56.95% | 192 | 4.88% | -739 | -18.78% | 3,935 | ||
| Wise County | 5,195 | 45.91% | 5,653 | 49.96% | 467 | 4.13% | -458 | -4.05% | 11,315 | ||
| Wythe County | 2,361 | 32.62% | 4,508 | 62.28% | 369 | 5.10% | -2,147 | -29.66% | 7,238 | ||
| York County | 3,150 | 32.37% | 6,307 | 64.81% | 275 | 2.83% | -3,157 | -32.44% | 9,732 | ||
| Alexandria City | 19,502 | 56.49% | 13,250 | 38.38% | 1,765 | 5.11% | 7 | 0.02% | 6,252 | 18.11% | 34,524 |
| Bedford City | 847 | 40.74% | 1,197 | 57.58% | 35 | 1.68% | -350 | -16.84% | 2,079 | ||
| Bristol City | 1,663 | 29.30% | 3,887 | 68.48% | 126 | 2.22% | -2,224 | -39.18% | 5,676 | ||
| Buena Vista City | 533 | 32.52% | 1,058 | 64.55% | 48 | 2.93% | -525 | -32.03% | 1,639 | ||
| Charlottesville City | 5,849 | 44.70% | 6,893 | 52.68% | 333 | 2.54% | 10 | 0.08% | -1,044 | -7.98% | 13,085 |
| Chesapeake City | 11,214 | 39.23% | 16,402 | 57.38% | 966 | 3.38% | 1 | 0.00% | -5,188 | -18.15% | 28,583 |
| Clifton Forge City | 599 | 35.19% | 1,039 | 61.05% | 64 | 3.76% | -440 | -25.85% | 1,702 | ||
| Colonial Heights City | 1,671 | 25.75% | 4,504 | 69.40% | 315 | 4.85% | -2,833 | -43.65% | 6,490 | ||
| Covington City | 1,172 | 41.37% | 1,523 | 53.76% | 138 | 4.87% | -351 | -12.39% | 2,833 | ||
| Danville City | 3,313 | 23.26% | 10,313 | 72.40% | 619 | 4.35% | -7,000 | -49.14% | 14,245 | ||
| Emporia City | 530 | 29.20% | 1,261 | 69.48% | 24 | 1.32% | -731 | -40.28% | 1,815 | ||
| Fairfax City | 3,322 | 44.54% | 3,672 | 49.24% | 461 | 6.18% | 3 | 0.04% | -350 | -4.69% | 7,458 |
| Falls Church City | 1,992 | 46.41% | 2,076 | 48.37% | 224 | 5.22% | -84 | -1.96% | 4,292 | ||
| Franklin City | 635 | 30.93% | 1,365 | 66.49% | 53 | 2.58% | -730 | -35.56% | 2,053 | ||
| Fredericksburg City | 1,824 | 38.02% | 2,831 | 59.02% | 142 | 2.96% | -1,007 | -20.99% | 4,797 | ||
| Galax City | 846 | 42.26% | 1,095 | 54.70% | 61 | 3.05% | -249 | -12.44% | 2,002 | ||
| Hampton City | 14,134 | 43.27% | 17,212 | 52.69% | 1,320 | 4.04% | 1 | 0.00% | -3,078 | -9.42% | 32,667 |
| Harrisonburg City | 1,418 | 28.80% | 3,242 | 65.85% | 262 | 5.32% | 1 | 0.02% | -1,824 | -37.05% | 4,923 |
| Hopewell City | 2,655 | 37.72% | 4,124 | 58.59% | 260 | 3.69% | -1,469 | -20.87% | 7,039 | ||
| Lexington City | 671 | 35.22% | 1,204 | 63.20% | 30 | 1.57% | -533 | -27.98% | 1,905 | ||
| Lynchburg City | 6,850 | 30.79% | 14,602 | 65.64% | 788 | 3.54% | 5 | 0.02% | -7,752 | -34.85% | 22,245 |
| Manassas City | 1,412 | 41.43% | 1,803 | 52.90% | 191 | 5.60% | 2 | 0.06% | -391 | -11.47% | 3,408 |
| Manassas Park City | 517 | 48.68% | 489 | 46.05% | 56 | 5.27% | 28 | 2.64% | 1,062 | ||
| Martinsville City | 2,246 | 37.32% | 3,478 | 57.79% | 294 | 4.89% | -1,232 | -20.47% | 6,018 | ||
| Newport News City | 15,897 | 38.71% | 24,307 | 59.18% | 864 | 2.10% | 2 | 0.00% | -8,410 | -20.48% | 41,070 |
| Norfolk City | 29,751 | 46.82% | 31,533 | 49.62% | 2,263 | 3.56% | 2 | 0.00% | -1,782 | -2.80% | 63,549 |
| Norton City | 496 | 39.43% | 712 | 56.60% | 50 | 3.97% | -216 | -17.17% | 1,258 | ||
| Petersburg City | 5,988 | 50.36% | 5,613 | 47.21% | 289 | 2.43% | 375 | 3.15% | 11,890 | ||
| Poquoson City | 476 | 18.93% | 1,991 | 79.17% | 47 | 1.87% | 1 | 0.04% | -1,515 | -60.24% | 2,515 |
| Radford City | 1,611 | 42.31% | 2,092 | 54.94% | 103 | 2.70% | 2 | 0.05% | -481 | -12.63% | 3,808 |
| Richmond City | 38,256 | 49.00% | 37,697 | 48.28% | 2,098 | 2.69% | 29 | 0.04% | 559 | 0.72% | 78,080 |
| Roanoke City | 13,213 | 39.35% | 18,918 | 56.34% | 1,445 | 4.30% | 3 | 0.01% | -5,705 | -16.99% | 33,579 |
| Salem City | 2,605 | 32.12% | 5,154 | 63.56% | 345 | 4.25% | 5 | 0.06% | -2,549 | -31.43% | 8,109 |
| South Boston City | 522 | 23.55% | 1,632 | 73.61% | 63 | 2.84% | -1,110 | -50.07% | 2,217 | ||
| Staunton City | 2,263 | 31.03% | 4,504 | 61.77% | 523 | 7.17% | 2 | 0.03% | -2,241 | -30.73% | 7,292 |
| Suffolk City | 5,845 | 41.83% | 7,815 | 55.93% | 314 | 2.25% | -1,970 | -14.10% | 13,974 | ||
| Virginia Beach City | 18,504 | 31.68% | 37,621 | 64.42% | 2,277 | 3.90% | 2 | 0.00% | -19,117 | -32.73% | 58,404 |
| Waynesboro City | 1,790 | 32.12% | 3,609 | 64.76% | 174 | 3.12% | -1,819 | -32.64% | 5,573 | ||
| Williamsburg City | 1,110 | 38.24% | 1,711 | 58.94% | 80 | 2.76% | 2 | 0.07% | -601 | -20.70% | 2,903 |
| Winchester City | 1,165 | 18.96% | 4,757 | 77.40% | 223 | 3.63% | 1 | 0.02% | -3,592 | -58.44% | 6,146 |
| Totals | 596,009 | 38.27% | 890,778 | 57.19% | 70,559 | 4.53% | 154 | 0.01% | -294,769 | -18.93% | 1,557,500 |
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ In this county or city where Zumwalt ran third behind both Byrd and Perper, margin given is Byrd vote minus Perper vote and percentage margin Byrd percentage minus Perper percentage.
References
[edit]- ^ a b Leip, David. "1976 Senatorial General Election Results – Virginia". US Election Atlas.
- ^ "VA US Senate – General Election, November 02, 1976". Our Campaigns.
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