Tropical cyclones in 1977
| Tropical cyclones in 1977 | |
|---|---|
| Year boundaries | |
| First system | Clarence |
| Formed | January 1, 1977 |
| Last system | Bob |
| Dissipated | December 31, 1977 |
| Strongest system | |
| Name | Babe |
| Lowest pressure | 905 mbar (hPa); 26.73 inHg |
| Longest lasting system | |
| Name | Hervea |
| Duration | 21.75 days |
| Year statistics | |
| Total systems | 125 |
| Named systems | 64 |
| Total fatalities | Unknown |
| Total damage | Unknown |
During 1977, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. During the year, a total of 125 tropical cyclones had formed this year to date, while a record low of 64 tropical cyclones were named.
The most active basin in the year was the Western Pacific, which, however, documented only 19 named systems, but had over 50 tropical depressions forming. Conversely, both the North Atlantic hurricane and North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons experienced very highly below the long-term average number of cyclones reaching tropical storm intensity in recorded history, both numbering 6, respectively. Activity across the southern hemisphere's three basins—South-West Indian, Australian, and South Pacific—was just almost spread evenly, with each region recording an average total of 12 tropical cyclones.
The costliest tropical cyclone of the year was Hurricane Anita in the Atlantic which struck Northern Mexico in very late August. Damages are still unknown to date, but most estimates say that Anita caused at least US$500 million in total damage. The deadliest tropical cyclone of the year was the 1977 Andhra Pradesh cyclone in the North Indian Ocean, which killed at least 10 thousand people in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. The cyclone became the most intense cyclone to hit the state since reliable records began in 1891. It was also the third recorded Super Cyclonic Storm in the satellite era of the basin which began in 1960.
Global atmospheric and hydrological conditions
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Systems
[edit]January
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During January, a total of 9 tropical cyclones formed within the month with eight of those further intensifying to become official named systems. 1977 is one of only a few years to feature no storms forming in December of the previous year and dissipating in January of the listed year. Cyclone Clarence was the most intense of January, with pressure of 960 hPa, while Cyclone Irene was the strongest, with attained wind speeds of 150 kilometres per hour (93 mph).
| Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clarence | January 1–13 | 130 (80) | 960 | St. Brandon, Réunion | Unknown | None | [1] |
| Irene | January 6–13 | 150 (90) | 970 | Australia | Unknown | None | |
| TD (Atring) | January 10–13 | 55 (35) | 1004 | Philippines | Unknown | None | |
| Marion | January 11–21 | 110 (70) | 980 | Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia | Unknown | None | |
| June | January 16–26 | 120 (75) | 965 | Vanuatu, New Caledonia | Unknown | None | |
| Domitile | January 18–23 | 65 (40) | 992 | Juan de Nova Island, Madagascar | Unknown | None | |
| Emilie | January 28–February 5 | 100 (65) | 980 | Agaléga, Réunion, Madagascar, Mozambique, Northeastern South Africa | Unknown | ≥300 | |
| Fifi | January 29–February 10 | 120 (75) | 985 | Réunion | Unknown | 1 | |
| Keith | January 29–February 1 | 85 (50) | 992 | Australia | Unknown | None |
February
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| Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 07F | February 3-9 | 75 (45) | 990 | Fiji, Tonga | Unknown | None | |
| Gilda | February 4-9 | 55 (35) | 1000 | None | None | None | |
| Lily | February 8-12 | 65 (40) | 996 | Australia | Unknown | None | |
| Miles | February 9-13 | 75 (45) | 994 | None | None | None | |
| Hervea | February 10-March 3 | 110 (70) | 970 | Agaléga, Madagascar | Unknown | None | |
| Nancy | February 12-13 | 75 (45) | 998 | Australia | Unknown | None | |
| Jack-Io | February 13-Narch 2 | 165 (105) | ≤935 | Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Rodrigues | Unknown | None | |
| 11F | February 20-24 | 75 (45) | 990 | Cook Islands | Unknown | None | |
| Karen | March 2-9 | 150 (90) | 970 | Australia | Unknown | None |
March
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| Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Otto | March 6-10 | 85 (50) | 984 | Australia | Unknown | None | |
| Norman | March 9-24 | 100 (65) | 980 | Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia | Unknown | None | |
| Pat | March 17-18 | 100 (65) | 980 | Tonga | Unknown | None | |
| Leo | March 24-28 | 165 (105) | 955 | Australia | Unknown | None | |
| Patsy | March 23-31 | 95 (60) | 990 | Marshall Islands | None | None |
April
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| Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Robert | April 16-23 | 130 (80) | 965 | French Polynesia | Unknown | None | |
| Verna | April 28-May 3 | 130 (80) | 973 | Australia | Unknown | None |
May
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| Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 01B | May 9-13 | 100 (65) | Not specified | India, Bangladesh | Unknown | None | |
| 02W (Bining) | May 26-27 | 55 (35) | 1000 | Japan | Minimal | None | |
| Ava | May 26-30 | 65 (100) | ≤997 | None | None | None | |
| Two | May 25-30 | Unknown | Unknown | None | None | None | |
| TD (West Pacific) | May 28-30 | Not specified | 1006 | Mariana Islands | None | None | |
| Three | May 30-June 1 | Unknown | Unknown | None | None | None |
June
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| Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 02A | June 9-13 | 165 (105) | 959 | Oman | Unknown | 105 | |
| TD | June 12 | Not specified | 1008 | Philippines | None | None | |
| Unnumbered | June 13-14 | 45 (30) | Unknown | Texas | None | None | |
| Ruth (Kuring) | June 14-17 | 110 (70) | 975 | Philippines, China, Taiwan | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Bernice | June 25-28 | 65 (40) | Unknown | None | None | None | |
| TD | June 26-27 | Not specified | 1007 | None | None | None |
July
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| Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Claudia | July 3-7 | 150 (90) | Unknown | None | None | None | |
| 04W (Daling) | July 3-6 | 55 (35) | 994 | South China | None | None | |
| TD | July 4 | Not specified | 1008 | Philippines | None | None | |
| Six | July 8-9 | Unknown | Unknown | None | None | None | |
| Seven | July 9-10 | Unknown | Unknown | None | None | None | |
| Sarah (Elang) | July 14-22 | 130 (80) | 970 | Palau, Philippines, South China, Vietnam | Unknown | Unknown | |
| TD | July 14-15 | Not specified | 1006 | Philippines | None | None | |
| TD | July 14-18 | Not specified | 1006 | Philippines | None | None | |
| Unnumbered | July 18-19 | 55 (35) | Unknown | Alabama | None | None | |
| Thelma (Goring) | July 19-27 | 130 (80) | 950 | Philippines, Taiwan, China | $629 Million | 33 | |
| Unnumbered | July 25-26 | 45 (30) | Unknown | None | None | None | |
| Eight | July 25 | Unknown | Unknown | None | None | None | |
| Vera (Huling) | July 25-August 2 | 205 (125) | 925 | Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, China | Unknown | 25 | |
| Wanda | July 30-August 7 | 75 (45) | 985 | None | None | None | |
| TD | July 30 | Not specified | 1002 | None | None | None | |
| Nine | August 1-2 | Unknown | Unknown | None | None | None |
August
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| Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unnumbered | August 1-4 | 55 (35) | Unknown | None | None | None | |
| TD | August 10 | Not specified | 996 | None | None | None | |
| TD | August 12 | Not specified | 998 | Mariana Islands | None | None | |
| Doreen | August 13-18 | 120 (75) | 979 | Mexico, California | Unknown | Unknown | |
| TD | August 13-18 | Not specified | 996 | Japan | None | None | |
| TD | August 14-18 | Not specified | 994 | None | None | None | |
| TD | August 14-15 | Not specified | 1004 | None | None | None | |
| Amy (Ibiang) | August 16-25 | 110 (70) | 980 | Philippines, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, Japan | Unknown | Unknown | |
| TD | August 17-20 | Not specified | 1004 | None | None | None | |
| TD | August 20-21 | Not specified | 996 | Ryukyu Islands | None | None | |
| 08W | August 21-22 | 75 (45) | 988 | Japan | None | None | |
| TD | August 21 | Not specified | 996 | Japan | None | None | |
| TD | August 27-28 | Not specified | 1000 | None | None | None | |
| Anita (Eleven) | August 29-September 4 | 280 (175) | 926 | Northeastern Mexico | Unknown | 11 | |
| Carla (Luming) | August 31-September 6 | 65 (40) | 990 | Philippines, Vietnam, Laos | Unknown | None | |
| Babe (Miling) (WPAC) | August 31-September 12 | 205 (125) | 905 | Caroline Islands, Ryukyu Islands, East China | $23 Million | 23 |
September
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| Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Babe (NATL) | September 3-9 | 120 (75) | 995 | Southern United States | $13 Million | None | |
| Thirteen | September 3-4 | Unknown | Unknown | None | None | None | |
| Clara | September 5-11 | 120 (75) | 993 | The Carolinas, Nova Scotia | Minimal | None | |
| TD | September 7-9 | Not specified | 996 | Japan | None | None | |
| TD | September 8 | Not specified | 1004 | Vietnam | None | None | |
| TD | September 10 | Not specified | 1002 | Caroline Islands | None | None | |
| Dinah (Openg) | September 11-26 | 130 (80) | 965 | Philippines, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia | Unknown | 54 | |
| TD | September 11-12 | Not specified | 1004 | None | None | None | |
| TD | September 11-12 | Not specified | 1002 | Caroline Islands | None | None | |
| Emma | September 12-21 | 110 (70) | 965 | Mariana Islands, Japan | None | None | |
| Narsing | September 12-13 | 45 (30) | 1002 | Caroline Islands | None | None | |
| Emily | September 13-14 | 65 (40) | Unknown | None | None | None | |
| Unnumbered | September 17-19 | 45 (30) | Unknown | None | None | None | |
| Florence | September 20-24 | 165 (105) | Unknown | None | None | None | |
| Freda (Pining) | September 21-25 | 100 (60) | 980 | Philippines, South China | None | 1 | |
| Unnumbered | September 22-23 | 45 (30) | Unknown | Northern Mexico | None | None | |
| Glenda | September 24-27 | 65 (40) | Unknown | None | None | None | |
| Dorothy | September 26-29 | 140 (85) | 980 | Bermuda, Newfoundland | None | None | |
| TD | September 26-29 | Not specified | 1008 | Ryukyu Islands | None | None | |
| TD | September 29 | Not specified | 1008 | None | None | None |
October
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| Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unnumbered | October 1-3 | 55 (35) | Unknown | Windward Islands | None | None | |
| Unnumbered | October 3-5 | 55 (35) | Unknown | None | None | None | |
| Gilda | October 3-9 | 120 (75) | 965 | None | None | None | |
| Heather | October 4-7 | 140 (85) | 978 | Northwest Mexico Southwest United States | $15 Million | None | |
| TD | October 8 | Not specified | 1008 | None | None | None | |
| Fifteen | October 11-13 | 75 (45) | 990 | Japan | None | None | |
| Rubing | October 11-15 | 55 (35) | 1004 | Mariana Islands | None | None | |
| Evelyn | October 13-15 | 130 (80) | 994 | Bermuda, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland | None | None | |
| Harriet (Saling) | October 14-20 | 100 (60) | 980 | None | None | None | |
| Frieda | October 16-19 | 95 (60) | 1005 | Cayman Islands, Belize | None | None | |
| Ivy | October 18-27 | 150 (95) | 950 | Mariana Islands | None | None | |
| 03A | October 19-22 | 55 (35) | Unknown | Yemen, Somalia | None | None | |
| Seventeen | October 22-23 | Unknown | Unknown | None | None | None | |
| Unnumbered | October 24-25 | 55 (35) | Unknown | Louisiana | None | None | |
| 04B | Octpber 27-November 4 | 85 (50) | Unknown | Andaman and Nicobar Islands, South India | Unknown | None | |
| Jean | October 28-November 5 | 120 (75) | 970 | None | None | None | |
| TD | October 30-31 | Not specified | 1008 | None | None | None |
November
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| Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tasing | November 3-5 | 45 (30) | 1008 | None | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Nine | November 3-7 | 55 (35) | 1006 | Eastern United States | $203 Million | 53 | |
| Kim (Unding) | November 4-17 | 120 (75) | 920 | Mariana Islands, Philippines | $2.04 Million | 102 | |
| Tom | November 6-11 | 95 (60) | 990 | Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands | Unknown | None | |
| 058 | November 8-23 | 165 (105) | Unknown | South India | Unknown | Unknown | |
| 068 | November 14-20 | 230 (145) | 943 | South India | $196 | 10000 | |
| TD | November 15-17 | Not specified | 1006 | None | None | None | |
| Aurore | November 18-29 | 175 (110) | 927 | None | None | None | |
| TD | November 24 | Not specified | 1010 | Philippines | None | None | |
| Steve | November 24-December 4 | 110 (70) | 965 | Tuvalu, Fiji | None | None | |
| Lucy (Walding) | November 28-December 9 | 205 (125) | 920 | Caroline Islands | None | None |
December
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| Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Babette | December 3-8 | 65 (40) | 991 | None | None | None | |
| Tessa | December 5-11 | 75 (45) | 990 | French Polynesia | Unknown | None | |
| Sam | December 13-14 | 95 (60) | 1003 | None | None | None | |
| Celimene | December 14-23 | 95 (60) | 1003 | None | None | None | |
| Mari (Yeyeng) | December 18, 1977-January, 1978 | 155 (95) | 945 | Marshall Islands, Caroline Islands, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Anne | December 23-31 | 100 (65) | 980 | Wallis and Futuna, Fiji, Tonga | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Dulcinee | December 26-28 | 50 (30) | 997 | None | None | None | |
| Esther | December 28, 1977-January 2, 1978 | 80 (50) | 984 | None | None | None | |
| Bob | December 31, 1977-January 12, 1978 | 155 (100) | 945 | Tuvalu, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Norfolk Island, North New Zealand | Unknown | Unknown |
References
[edit]| Tropical cyclone year articles (1970–1979) |
|---|
| 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979 |
- ^ Hurricane Clarence, 1–16 January. National Climatic Data Center (Report). Global tropical/extratropical cyclone climatic atlas. 1996. Retrieved January 31, 2019.