Template:LGBT rights table Africa

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Northern Africa

[edit]
LGBTQ rights in: Same-sex sexual activity Recognition of same-sex unions Same-sex marriage Adoption by same-sex couples LGB people allowed to serve openly in military Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation Laws concerning gender identity/expression
Algeria Algeria No Illegal since 11 June 1966
Penalty: Up to 3 years imprisonment with fines up to 10,000 dinars.[1][2][3] 		No No No No No No
Canary Islands Canary Islands
(Autonomous community of Spain) 		Yes Legal since 9 November 1979
+ UN decl. sign.[4] 		Yes De facto unions legal since 2003[5] Yes Legal since 2005[6] Yes Legal since 2005[7][8] Yes Spain responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination[9] Yes Since 2007, all documents can be amended to the recognised gender[10]
Ceuta Ceuta
(Autonomous city of Spain) 		Yes Legal since 9 November 1979
+ UN decl. sign.[11] 		Yes De facto union since 1998[12] Yes Legal since 2005[6] Yes Legal since 2005[7] Yes Spain responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes Since 2007, all documents can be amended to the recognised gender[10]
Egypt Egypt No De facto illegal for males since 31 July 1883 (as the Khedivate of Egypt within the Sublime Ottoman State) and for females since 22 March 1961 (as the Southern Region of the United Arab Republic)
Penalty: Up to 17 years imprisonment with or without hard labour and with or without fines under broadly-written morality laws.[13][14] 		No No No No No No
Libya Libya No Illegal since 2 March 1954 (as Kingdom of Libya)
Penalty: Up to 5 years in jail.[15][16] 		No No No No No No
Madeira Madeira
(Autonomous region of Portugal) 		Yes Legal since 1 January 1983
+ UN decl. sign.[17] 		Yes De facto union since 2001[18][19] Yes Legal since 2010[20] Yes Legal since 2016[21][22][23] Yes Portugal responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination.[9] Yes Since 2011, all documents can be amended to the recognised gender[24]
Melilla Melilla
(Autonomous city of Spain) 		Yes Legal since 9 November 1979
+ UN decl. sign.[25] 		Yes De facto union since 2008[26] Yes Legal since 2005[6] Yes Legal since 2005[7] Yes Spain responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination[27] Yes Since 2007, all documents can be amended to the recognised gender[10]
Morocco Morocco
(including Moroccan-occupied Western Sahara) 		No Illegal since 17 June 1963
Penalty: Up to 3 to 6 years imprisonment with hard labour.[4][28] 		No No No No No No
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
(Disputed territory; only Free Zone) 		No Illegal since 27 February 1976[29][30][31] No No No No No No
Sudan Sudan No Illegal since 1 August 1899 (as Anglo-Egyptian Sudan)
Penalty: Life imprisonment for a third offense of anal sex.[32] 		No No No No No No
Tunisia Tunisia No Illegal since 1 January 1914 (as the Regency of Tunis)
Penalty: 3 years imprisonment.[4][33]
[34] 		No No No No No No

Western Africa

[edit]
LGBTQ rights in: Same-sex sexual activity Recognition of same-sex unions Same-sex marriage Adoption by same-sex couples LGB people allowed to serve openly in military Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation Laws concerning gender identity/expression
Benin Benin Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country);[4][35]
Equal age of consent since 2018. 		No No No Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination.[36]
Burkina Faso Burkina Faso No Illegal since 1 September 2025
Penalty: 2 to 5 years imprisonment.[37][38] 		No No Constitutional ban since 1991 No Yes/No Limited protections.
Cape Verde Cape Verde Yes Legal since 1 March 2004
+ UN decl. sign.[37] 		No No No Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination[37]
The Gambia Gambia No Illegal since 1 January 1889 (as the Gambia Colony and Protectorate)
Penalty: Up to Iife imprisonment.[37][39][40] 		No No No No No No Forms of gender expression criminalized since 2013[41]
Ghana Ghana No Male illegal since 1 January 1893 (as the Gold Coast)
Penalty: Up to 3 years imprisonment (repeal proposed)[42][43][44]
Yes Female legal, Criminalization pending 2024[4][40][45][46][47] 		No No No No Yes/No Limited protections. No
Guinea Guinea No Illegal since 6 August 1988
Penalty: 6 months to 10 years imprisonment.[48] (rarely enforced)[49] 		No No No No Yes/No Limited protections. No
Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau Yes Legal since 1 March 1993[37]
+ UN decl. sign. 		No No No Yes/No Limited protection regarding domestic violence.[50]
Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country);
Age of consent discrepancy[37] 		No No No Yes/No Limited protections.
Liberia Liberia No Illegal since 3 April 1978
Penalty: 1 year imprisonment.[37][51] (repeal proposed)[52] 		No No No No Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination.[53] No
Mali Mali No Illegal since 13 December 2024
Penalty: 7 years imprisonment and a fine of 500,000 francs.[54][55] 		No No Constitutional ban since 2023[56] No Yes/No Limited protections. No[57]
Mauritania Mauritania No No Illegal since 9 July 1983
Penalty (de jure): Execution for men, (not enforced, under moratorium), up to 2 years in prison and fines for women
(de facto): up to 2 years in prison and a fine.[37][58] 		No No No No No No
Niger Niger Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country, Criminalization pending);
Age of consent discrepancy[37] 		No No No Yes/No Limited protections. No[57]
Nigeria Nigeria No Illegal since 1 June 1904 (Northern Region only)
Illegal since 1 June 1916 (Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria)
Penalty: Up to 14 years imprisonment.
No Death in the states of Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Niger, Sokoto, Yobe, and Zamfara. (not enforced)[4][59][40] 		No No Statutory ban since 2013 No No Yes/No Limited protections. No Forms of gender expression criminalized in Sharia provinces.
Saint Helena Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
(Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom) 		Yes Legal since 1 January 2001
+ UN decl. sign.[60] 		Yes Legal since 2017 Yes Legal since 2017[61][62] Yes Legal since 2017 Yes UK responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination
Senegal Senegal No Illegal since 1 March 1966
Penalty: 1 to 5 years imprisonment.[4][63] 		No No No No Yes/No Limited protections. No
Sierra Leone Sierra Leone No Male illegal since 1 November 1861 (as the Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate)
Penalty: Up to life imprisonment (not enforced, repeal disputed).
Yes Female always legal
+ UN decl. sign.[4] 		No No No No Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination.[64] No
Togo Togo No Illegal since 13 August 1980
Penalty: 1 to 3 years imprisonment and fines.[4] (rarely enforced, repeal proposed)[65][66] 		No No No No Yes/No Limited protections. No

Central Africa

[edit]
LGBTQ rights in: Same-sex sexual activity Recognition of same-sex unions Same-sex marriage Adoption by same-sex couples LGB people allowed to serve openly in military Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation Laws concerning gender identity/expression
Cameroon Cameroon No Illegal since 28 September 1972
Penalty: Up to 5 years imprisonment and fines.[4][40][67] (repeal proposed) [68] 		No No No No No No
Central African Republic Central African Republic Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country)[4]
+ UN decl. sign. 		No No Constitutional ban since 2016[69] No Yes/No Limited protections. No[57]
Chad Chad No Illegal since 1 August 2017
Penalty: 3 months to 2 years in prison, with fines of 50,000 to 500,000 FCFA. (Penal Code, Chapter 2, Article 354) [70] 		No No No No Yes/No Aggravated punishment when the rape is committed because of the sexual orientation of the victim. No[57]
Democratic Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country)[4] No No Constitutional ban since 2006 No Yes/No Limited protections No
Republic of the Congo Republic of the Congo Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country);
Age of consent discrepancy[4] 		No No No Yes/No Limited protections. No[57]
Equatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea Yes Legal since 12 October 1968[4] No No No Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination. No[57]
Gabon Gabon Yes Legal since 17 August 1960-4 July 2019, again since 29 June 2020[71];
Age of consent discrepancy,
+ UN decl. sign. 		No No Constitutional ban since 2024 No Yes/No Limited protections.
São Tomé and Príncipe São Tomé and Príncipe Yes Legal since 29 November 2012
+ UN decl. sign.[4] 		No No No Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination[72]

Eastern Africa

[edit]
LGBTQ rights in: Same-sex sexual activity Recognition of same-sex unions Same-sex marriage Adoption by same-sex couples LGB people allowed to serve openly in military Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation Laws concerning gender identity/expression
Burundi Burundi No Illegal since 22 April 2009
Penalty: 3 months to 2 years imprisonment and fines.[4][73] (repeal disputed) 		No No Constitutional ban since 2005 No No No No
Djibouti Djibouti Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country) [4][74] No No No Yes/No Limited protections. No[57]
Eritrea Eritrea No Illegal since 23 July 1957 (as the British Military Administration of Eritrea)
Penalty: Up to 7 years imprisonment.[4][75][76][77][78] (rarely enforced)[79] 		No No No No No No
Ethiopia Ethiopia No Illegal since 5 May 1958 (as the Occupied Enemy Territory Administration in Ethiopia)
Penalty: Up to 15 years. [4] (repeal disputed) [80] 		No No Statutory ban since 2009[81] No No No No
Kenya Kenya No Illegal since 1 August 1897 (as the East Africa Protectorate)
Penalty: up to 14 years imprisonment. (repeal proposed) [4][40][82] 		No No Constitutional ban since 2010[83] No No Yes/No Limited protections.[84][85] Yes[86]
Rwanda Rwanda Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country)[4]
+ UN decl. sign. 		No No Constitutional ban since 2003 No Yes/No Limited protections.[87] No
Somalia Somalia No Illegal since 3 April 1964
Penalty: Up to 3 years prison.
Jubaland Jubaland No Illegal. Penalty: Up to death in Jubaland.[88] 		No No No No No No
Somaliland Somaliland
(Disputed territory) 		No Illegal since 16 March 1941
Penalty: Up to 3 years prison, sometimes death sentences.[89] 		No No No No No No
South Sudan South Sudan No Illegal since 1 August 1899 (as Anglo-Egyptian Sudan)
Penalty: Up to 10 years imprisonment. (not enforced) [4][40] 		No No Constitutional ban since 2011[90] No No Yes/No Limited protections. No Forms of gender expression are criminalized.
Tanzania Tanzania No Illegal since 1 June 1899 (as part of German East Africa)
Illegal since 1 January 1900 (as part of the Sultanate of Zanzibar)
Penalty: 30 years to life imprisonment.[4][40][91][92] (repeal disputed)[93] 		No No No No Yes/No Hate crime protections on sexual orientation since 2023.[94] No
Uganda Uganda No Male illegal since 1 April 1902 (as the Protectorate of Uganda)
Female illegal since 8 December 2000
Penalty: Up to life imprisonment.
No Capital punishment for "aggravated homosexuality" (not enforced). [95][96] 		No No Constitutional ban since 2005 No No No No

Indian Ocean states

[edit]
LGBTQ rights in: Same-sex sexual activity Recognition of same-sex unions Same-sex marriage Adoption by same-sex couples LGB people allowed to serve openly in military Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation Laws concerning gender identity/expression
Comoros Comoros No Illegal since 31 October 1982
Penalty: 5 years imprisonment and fines. (not enforced)[4][97] 		No No No No Yes/No Limited protections. No[57]
French Southern and Antarctic Lands French Southern and Antarctic Lands
(Overseas territory of France) 		Yes Legal
(No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the territory)[98] 		Yes Civil solidarity pact since 1999[99] Yes Legal since 2013 Yes Legal since 2013 Yes France responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes Under French law
Madagascar Madagascar Yes Legal
(No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country);
Age of consent discrepancy[4] 		No No No Yes/No Limited protections.
Mayotte Mayotte
(Overseas region of France) 		Yes Legal
(No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the region)[4] 		Yes Civil solidarity pact since 2007 Yes Legal since 2013 Yes Legal since 2013 Yes France responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes Under French law
Mauritius Mauritius Yes Legal since 4 October 2023[100]
+ UN decl. sign. 		No No No Has no military Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination[101][102]
Réunion Réunion
(Overseas region of France) 		Yes Legal since 6 October 1791[4] Yes Civil solidarity pact since 1999 Yes Legal since 2013 Yes Legal since 2013 Yes France responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes Under French law
Seychelles Seychelles Yes Legal since 1 June 2016[103]
+ UN decl. sign. 		No No No Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination[4]

Southern Africa

[edit]
LGBTQ rights in: Same-sex sexual activity Recognition of same-sex unions Same-sex marriage Adoption by same-sex couples LGBT people allowed to serve openly in military Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation Laws concerning gender identity/expression
Angola Angola Yes Legal since 9 February 2021[104] No No No No Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination[105] May possibly change gender under the Código do Registro Civil 2015[106]
Botswana Botswana Yes Legal since 11 June 2019[107] No No No No(Only LGB) Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes Legal gender change recognized as a constitutional right since 2017[108]
Eswatini Eswatini No Male illegal since 22 February 1907 (as the Swaziland Protectorate; not enforced, repeal proposed)[109]
Penalty: Unknown
Yes Female always legal[40][110] 		No No No No Yes/No Hate speech ban, only in broadcasting. Yes Recognized since 1984[111]
Lesotho Lesotho Yes Male legal since 1 February 2012
Female always legal[4] 		No No No Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination.[112][113] Yes Legal recognition since 1975[114]
Malawi Malawi No Illegal since 1 July 1891 (as British Central Africa Protectorate)[40]
Penalty: Up to 14 years imprisonment, with or without corporal punishment for men.
Up to 5 years imprisonment for women (rarely enforced, repeal proposed)[4][115][40][116][117] 		No No No No Yes/No Limited protections. No
Mozambique Mozambique Yes Legal since 29 June 2015[118][119] No No No No Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination[4][101]
Namibia Namibia Yes Legal since 21 June 2024[120] No/Yes Foreign same-sex marriages recognised[121] No/Yes Foreign same-sex marriages recognised[121] No No Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination.[122] Yes Under the Births, Marriages and Deaths Registration Act 81 of 1963[123]
South Africa South Africa Yes Male legal since 8 May 1998
Female always legal; equal age of consent since 2007
+ UN decl. sign.[4] 		Yes Limited recognition of unregistered partnerships since 1998; same-sex marriage since 2006 Yes Legal since 2006 Yes Legal since 2002 Yes Since 1998 Yes Constitution bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes Anti-discrimination laws are interpreted to include gender identity[124]; legal gender may be changed after surgical or medical treatment
Zambia Zambia No Illegal since 17 August 1911 (as part of the British South Africa Company rule of Rhodesia)
Penalty: 14 years to life imprisonment. (repeal proposed)[4][40][125][126] 		No No No No Yes/No Limited protections. No
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe No Male illegal since 10 September 1891 (as part of the British South Africa Company rule of Rhodesia)
Penalty: Up to 1 year imprisonment. (repeal proposed)[127]
Yes Female always legal[4][40] 		No No Constitutional ban since 2013[128] No No Yes/No Limited protections. No


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