Russian submarine Kazan (K-561)

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For other ships with the same name, see Russian submarine Kazan.
Russian nuclear submarine, Kazan (K-561)
History
Russia
NameK-561 Kazan
NamesakeKazan
BuilderSevmash
Laid down24 July 2009[1]
Launched31 March 2017[1]
Commissioned7 May 2021[1]
StatusActive
General characteristics
Class & typeYasen-class submarine
Displacement
  • 8,600 t (8,500 long tons) surfaced
  • 13,800 t (13,600 long tons) submerged
Length130 m (426 ft 6 in)
Beam13 m (42 ft 8 in)
Installed power1 × nuclear reactor
Propulsion1 × steam turbine; 1 × shaft
Speed
  • 16 kn (30 km/h; 18 mph) surfaced
  • 31 kn (57 km/h; 36 mph) submerged
Complement64 officers and sailors
Armament

K-561 Kazan is a Yasen-class nuclear-powered attack submarine of the Russian Navy. It is the second boat of the project, separated from the first by 16 years (1993–2009). Considerable changes were made to the initial design.[2] Differences in the project have appeared sufficient to consider it as a new upgraded version Yasen-M (Russian: Ясень-М).[3] The submarine is named after the city of Kazan. The submarine is deployed with the Russian Northern Fleet.

Design

[edit]

The Project 885 Yasen class submarines are fourth-generation nuclear-powered cruise missile submarines.[4][5] They were designed by the Malakhit Marine Engineering Bureau to replace the older Oscar class cruise missile submarines and the Akula class attack submarines, but their construction was delayed by the fall of the Soviet Union.[5][6][7] The delays led to the creation of the 885M Yasen-M variant, a development of the lead ship of the class, Severodvinsk, with several upgrades.[7][5] Among the differences of the Yasen-M is that they are powered by a fourth-generation monoblock nuclear reactor, which does not require a separate steam turbine, making it more compact and increasing the stealth of the submarine. It also has a conformal array sonar instead of a spherical sonar suite that is typically used on Russian submarines, including Severodvinsk.[5]

The Yasen-class is equipped with eight missile silos[8] that each have several vertical launching systems, allowing it to carry up to 32 Oniks anti-ship missiles or up to 40 Kalibr cruise missiles.[5] It also has the ability to carry the hypersonic Zircon missile.[5] The submarine's armament also includes ten 533 mm (21 in) torpedo tubes, which can be used to launch either UGST-M torpedoes or cruise missiles. For countermeasures, it has six 324 mm (13 in) torpedo launchers to fire lightweight torpedoes that serve as decoys.[5]

The submarine has a surface displacement of 8,600 tonnes (8,500 long tons) and a submerged displacement of 13,800 tonnes (13,600 long tons).[7] It has a length of 130 metres (426 ft 6 in) and a beam of 13 metres (42 ft 8 in).[6] The Yasen-M has a crew of 64 officers and sailors, a reduction from the lead ship of the class.[5] It has a surface top speed of 16 kn (30 km/h; 18 mph) and a submerged top speed of 31 kn (57 km/h; 36 mph).[7] Its maximum rated depth is reported to be 658 m (2,158 ft 10 in).[6]

History

[edit]

In June 2009 it was announced that the second Yasen-class submarine will receive the name Kazan and that its construction will begin the following month.[9] Kazan's first crew had been formed in March 2016,[10] and the submarine was originally to be commissioned in 2017.[11][12] On 23 August 2016, the Sevmash shipyard reported that the submarine would be delivered to the Russian Navy in 2018.[13]

On 31 March 2017, Kazan was rolled out of the construction hall and subsequently launched on the water.[14][15][16][17] It began its sea trials on 24 September 2018 and was expected to join the Russian Navy in 2019.[18] In October 2019, President of the United Shipbuilding Corporation Alexei Rakhmanov, stated that Kazan's deployment would be delayed until the end of 2020 due to technical issues with its complex control systems.[19][20]

The submarine's trials included the firing of the 3M-54 Kalibr and P-800 Oniks cruise missiles. They were completed in December 2020.[21]

As of April 2021, the commissioning date was reported to be 25 July 2021.[22] However, the vessel was actually commissioned on 7 May 2021.[1][21][23][24]

On 6 June 2024, it was reported that the nuclear powered submarine was heading to Cuba for military exercise.[25] It made port in Havana Harbor on June 12 as part of group of four ships including the frigate Admiral Gorshkov. Both of these vessels carry the Zircon nuclear-capable hypersonic cruise missile. The frigate has been reported to be enroute to the Mediterranean to be the command vessel of the operational group of the Russian Navy there.[26]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Novichkov, Nikolai (10 May 2021). "Russian Navy commissions Project 885M submarine Kazan". Janes. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
  2. ^ "На "Севмаше" начали строить субмарину, спроектированную в Петербурге". fontanka.ru. 24 July 2009. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  3. ^ "На "Севмаше" заложили новую атомную подлодку для ВМФ России". lenta.ru. 24 July 2009. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  4. ^ Staalesen, Atle (27 January 2025). "Newest submarine arrives in home base Zapadnaya Litsa". The Barents Observer. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h Kaushal, Sidharth; Byrne, James; Byrne, Joe; Somerville, Gary (28 May 2021). "The Yasen-M and the Future of Russian Submarine Forces". Royal United Services Institute. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
  6. ^ a b c Bhardwaj, Abhishek (3 January 2025). "Russia adds 13,800-ton nuclear attack submarine with 40 mph top speed to fleet". Yahoo! News. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
  7. ^ a b c d Weichert, Brandon J. (31 December 2024). "Russia's Yasen-M Submarine: The US Navy's Newest Nightmare". The National Interest. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
  8. ^ "Russia Submarine Capabilities". Nuclear Threat Initiative. 28 August 2024. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
  9. ^ Pettersen, Trude (26 June 2009). "New attack submarine will be called "Kazan"". The Barents Observer. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
  10. ^ "Crews assembled for 'Kazan' and 'Knyaz Vladimir' submarines, which are under construction". thewarmy.com. 21 March 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  11. ^ "Атомная подводная лодка "Казань" в постройке". vpk.name. 4 December 2015. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  12. ^ "ВМФ РФ: замечания при эксплуатации подлодки проекта "Ясень" учли для других кораблей". vpk.name. 18 January 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  13. ^ "Delivery of First Project 885M SSGN (Upgraded Yasen class) Kazan Submarine Delayed by One Year". navyrecognition.com. 23 August 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  14. ^ "H I Sutton - Covert Shores". www.hisutton.com. 9 May 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  15. ^ "Russia Launches New Nuclear-Powered Carrier Killer Sub". thediplomat.com. 4 April 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  16. ^ "Russia just unveiled its most powerful submarine ever". independent.co.uk. 5 April 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  17. ^ "Rogozin floats out new attack submarine". The Independent Barents Observer. 31 March 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  18. ^ "Russia's Project 885M Yasen-M Submarine Kazan Started Sea Trials". navyrecognition.com. 29 September 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  19. ^ "Рахманов: первый модернизированный "Ясень" сдадим не раньше конца 2020 года". flotprom.ru (in Russian). 18 October 2019. Retrieved 20 October 2019.
  20. ^ "Атомную подлодку "Казань" передадут ВМФ осенью 2020 года". TASS. 9 January 2020.
  21. ^ a b Newdick, Thomas. "Russia Just Accepted Its New Super-Quiet, Cruise Missile-Packed Submarine Into Service". The War Zone. The Drive. Retrieved 2021-05-07.
  22. ^ "Kazan Yasen-M-class SSGN to become operational on July". www.navyrecognition.com. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
  23. ^ "На атомной подводной лодке «Казань» поднят Андреевский флаг". Sevmash.ru. Retrieved 2021-05-07.
  24. ^ "Подводный ракетный крейсер "Казань" вошел в состав ВМФ". ТАСС. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
  25. ^ "The Barents Observer". The Barents Observer. Retrieved 2024-05-07.
  26. ^ "Russian Frigate Sails To The Atlantic With Hypersonic Missiles". navalnews.com. 9 January 2023.