Roemeria sicula
| Roemeria sicula | |
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| Flower | |
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| Botanical illustration | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Ranunculales |
| Family: | Papaveraceae |
| Genus: | Roemeria |
| Species: | R. sicula
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| Binomial name | |
| Roemeria sicula (Guss.) Galasso, Banfi, L.Sáez & Bartolucci
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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List
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Roemeria sicula, the rough poppy or round pricklyhead poppy,[2] is a widespread species of flowering plant in the poppy family. It is native to the Mediterranean region, and western Asia as far as the western Himalayas, and has been introduced to much of the rest of Europe, South Africa, all of Australia, some US states, Chile and Argentina.[1][3] It is a minor weed of cereal crops, and its range is expected to greatly expand due to climate change.[4]
Taxonomy
[edit]In 1753 Carl Linnaeus named a species Papaver hybridum, but though not identical to Roemeria sicula, it is regarded as one of its synonyms. The first description identical to the present species was published by the botanist Giovanni Gussone in 1844 with the name Papaver siculum. However, it was regarded as a subspecies or variety of Papaver hybridum by some botanists as late as 2007. More recently it has been moved to the genus Roemeria by Gabriele Galasso, Enrico Augusto Banfi, Llorenç Sáez, and Fabrizio Bartolucci.[1] Though Roemeria sicula is listed as the accepted name in Plants of the World Online and World Plants,[1][5] it is very frequently listed as Papaver hybridum by sources such as the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service,[6] the Flora of North America,[7] and the Flora of Australia.[8]
Following the species concept in POWO, it has 17 synonyms.[1]
| Name | Year | Rank | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cerastites hybridus (L.) Gray | 1821 | species | = het. |
| Papaver apulum var. gracillimum Fedde | 1909 | variety | = het. |
| Papaver argemone var. hybridum (L.) Kuntze | 1887 | variety | = het. |
| Papaver argemone f. siculum (Guss.) Kuntze | 1887 | form | ≡ hom. |
| Papaver heterotricum Lojac. ex Tornab. | 1887 | species | = het. |
| Papaver hispidum Lam. | 1779 | species | = het., nom. superfl. |
| Papaver hispidum var. ambiguum Rouy & Foucaud | 1893 | variety | = het. |
| Papaver hybridum L. | 1753 | species | = het. |
| Papaver hybridum var. dissectum Rouy & Foucaud | 1893 | variety | = het. |
| Papaver hybridum var. lanuginosum Fedde | 1909 | variety | = het. |
| Papaver hybridum f. latifolium Maire & Weiller | 1939 | form | = het. |
| Papaver hybridum var. pinnatifidum Rouy & Foucaud | 1893 | variety | = het. |
| Papaver hybridum subsp. siculum (Guss.) Arcang. | 1882 | subspecies | ≡ hom. |
| Papaver hybridum var. siculum (Guss.) Raimondo & Spadaro | 2007 | variety | ≡ hom. |
| Papaver hybridum var. tenuifolium L.Chevall. | 1903 | variety | = het. |
| Papaver siculum Guss. | 1844 | species | ≡ hom. |
| Roemeria hispida Stace | 2017 | species | = het. |
| Notes: ≡ homotypic synonym ; = heterotypic synonym | |||
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e "Roemeria sicula (Guss.) Galasso, Banfi, L.Sáez & Bartolucci". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 20 December 2025.
- ^ "Papaver hybridum - Species Page - APA: Alabama Plant Atlas". floraofalabama.org. Retrieved 2021-12-15.
- ^ "Papaver hybridum rough poppy". The Royal Horticultural Society. 2021. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
- ^ Hyvönen, Terho; Luoto, Miska; Uotila, Pertti (2012). "Assessment of weed establishment risk in a changing European climate". Agricultural and Food Science. 21 (4): 348–360. doi:10.23986/afsci.6321. hdl:10138/165399.
- ^ Hassler, Michael (11 November 2025). "Roemeria sicula in Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 25.11". World Plants. Retrieved 20 December 2025.
- ^ NRCS (20 December 2025), "Papaver hybridum", PLANTS Database, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
- ^ FNA (5 November 2020) [In print 1997]. "Papaver hybridum". Flora of North America. ISBN 978-0-19-511246-7. OCLC 48601434. Retrieved 20 December 2025.
- ^ Kiger, R.W. (19 February 2020). "Papaver hybridum". Flora of Australia. Canberra, Australia: Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water. Retrieved 20 December 2025.
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