Purubora language
| Puruborá | |
|---|---|
| Kujubi | |
| Native to | Brazil |
| Region | Rondônia |
| Ethnicity | 243 Puruborá (2014) |
Native speakers | 2 (2015) |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | pur |
| Glottolog | puru1264 |
| ELP | Puruborá |
The Puruborá language of Brazil is one of the Tupian languages. It is also known as Aurã, Cujubim, Burubora, Kuyubi, Migueleno, Miguelenho or Pumbora. Specifically, it is spoken in the Brazilian state of Rondônia, in Costa Marques and around the headwaters of the Rio São Miguel tributary of the right bank of the Guaporé. It is nearly extinct, with only two native speakers (and 243 in the ethnic group in 2014) reported in 2015.[1]
Phonology
[edit]Consonants
[edit]| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | ʔ | |
| voiced | b | d | ||||
| prenasal | ᵐb | ⁿd | ||||
| implosive | ɓ | ɗ | ||||
| Nasal | m | n | ||||
| Fricative | voiceless | ʃ | h | |||
| voiced | ʒ | |||||
| Tap | ɾ | |||||
| Approximant | w | j | ||||
- /j/ has an allophone of [ɲ] when before or in between nasal vowels.
- [ŋ] is an allophone of /n/ when before /k/, or is also an allophone of /k/ when after nasal vowels in word-final position.
- /w/ may also be heard as [β] when before high vowels or in free variation with [w].
- Stops /t, d/ are also heard as palatalized [tʲ, dʲ] when before /i/.
Vowels
[edit]| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i ĩ | ɨ ɨ̃ | u ũ |
| Mid | ẽ | ə ə̃ | o õ |
| Open-mid | ɛ | (ɔ) | |
| Open | a ã |
[ɔ] may also be heard as an allophone of /o/.[2]
Vocabulary
[edit]Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items.[3]
gloss Puruborá one múm two wewáb three bokód-wewáb head azyá ear zapetó tooth inká hand wapitái woman bagoyá water zereré fire ndamizyá stone muruá maize zyiá tapir taní
References
[edit]- ^ "Puruborá - Indigenous Peoples in Brazil". pib.socioambiental.org. Retrieved 2025-07-09.
- ^ Vilacy Galucio, Ana (2005). Puruborá: Notas etnográficas e lingüísticas recentes. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Ciências Humanas 1(2): Belém. pp. 159–192.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) - ^ Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
External links
[edit]
Wiktionary has a word list at Appendix:Puruborá word list
- Map at Forvo.com
- ELAR archive of Documentation of Urgently Endangered Tupian Languages (including Puruborá)
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