Portal:Beer

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 The Beer Portal  

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Introduction

At the Café by Édouard Manet, circa 1879

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Beer is an alcoholic beverage produced by the brewing and fermentation of starches from cereal grain—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize, rice, and oats are also used. The grain is mashed to convert starch in the grain to sugars, which dissolve in water to form wort. Fermentation of the wort by yeast produces ethanol and carbonation in the beer. Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and one of the most popular of all drinks. Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilising agent. Other flavouring agents, such as gruit, herbs, or fruits, may be included or used instead of hops. In commercial brewing, natural carbonation is often replaced with forced carbonation.

Beer is distributed in bottles and cans, and is commonly available on draught in pubs and bars. The brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries. The strength of modern beer is usually around 4% to 6% alcohol by volume (ABV).

Some of the earliest writings mention the production and distribution of beer: the Code of Hammurabi (1750 BC) included laws regulating it, while "The Hymn to Ninkasi", a prayer to the Mesopotamian goddess of beer, contains a recipe for it. Beer forms part of the culture of many nations and is associated with social traditions such as beer festivals, as well as activities like pub games. (Full article...)

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Philistine pottery beer jug

Beer is one of the oldest human-produced drinks. The written history of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia records the use of beer, and the drink has spread throughout the world; a 3,900-year-old Sumerian poem honouring Ninkasi, the patron goddess of brewing, contains the oldest surviving beer-recipe, describing the production of beer from barley bread, and in China, residue on pottery dating from around 5,000 years ago shows that beer was brewed using barley and other grains.

The development of bread and beer led to the creation of technology and static civilization. (Full article...)

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Hops Lambic Oktoberfest Pub Yeast London Beer Flood Guinness Foreign Extra Stout Anheuser-Busch Barrel-aged beer Bouncer Draught beer Greene King Kvass Pabst Brewing Company Saison NoitulovE Saint Vincent Beer Blackrocks Brewery

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Tooheys New is a standard Australian lager.

It can be found on tap at almost any bar in New South Wales and has historically been the state's number 1 beer. (Full article...)

List of selected brands

Red Stripe Victoria Bitter Dortmunder Export Newcastle Brown Ale Grimbergen (beer) Guinness Heineken Corona (beer) Budweiser Coors Light Miller Lite Foster's Lager Three Horses Beer Tusker (beer) Old Speckled Hen Worthington's White Shield Stones Bitter Boddingtons Bitter Cobra Beer Carling Black Label Old Milwaukee Pabst Blue Ribbon Gulden Draak Stella Artois Peeterman Artois Corsendonk Pilsner Urquell Velkopopovický Kozel Drewrys Kingfisher (beer) Australian MAX Bira 91 Samuel Adams (beer) Rolling Rock Rogue Beard Beer Schaefer Beer China Pabst Blue Ribbon Lucky Buddha Beer Snow (beer) Harp Lager Duff Beer Presidente (beer)

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Francis Xavier Schwab (August 14, 1874 – April 23, 1946) was Mayor of the City of Buffalo, New York, serving from 1922 until 1929. He was born on Smith Street on the Buffalo's East Side on August 14, 1874. At 19, he became a foreman at the Pullman Palace Car Company, then known as the Wagner Palace Car Company, and took a job as a traveling salesman for the company. He then became a brewery solicitor, eventually becoming the highest paid brewery solicitor in Buffalo. He married Theresa M. Lauser on September 24, 1901. Living Descendants include his great nephew, Lawrence Schwab, his great great nephew, Daniel Schwab and his great great great nephew, Jacob Schwab. He opened a wholesale and retail liquor store at Broadway and Jefferson Avenue in 1912. He became president and general manager of the Mohawk Products Company; the merged Buffalo Brewing Company and the Cooperative Brewing Company formed during Prohibition to make near-beer.

Schwab's rise in the Buffalo brewing industry was short-lived because of the enactment of prohibition in 1919. Even though Schwab transitioned into the production of near beer he would take the opportunity to speak out against the Volstead Act whenever possible. "By this time, Frank Schwab had developed a personal style that delighted his friends and infuriated his enemies". The Buffalo Brewing company, Schwab's brewery, was raided by Federal agents who found illegal beer resulting in an indictment for Schwab. Schwab was an unlikely candidate for mayor. He had no political experience, he was Catholic, and under federal indictment for illegal possession of alcohol. But in 1921, as a joke the Knights of St. John circulated a petition on behalf of Schwab for his mayoral candidacy. (Full article...)

List of selected biographies

Adolphus Busch Michael Jackson (writer) Frederick Miller Joseph Schlitz Frederick Pabst Charlie Papazian Arthur Guinness Eberhard Anheuser Karl Strauss Sigi Friedmann Josef Groll Sister Doris Engelhard John Molson Susannah Oland I. Patricia Henry Anton Dreher Charlene de Carvalho-Heineken Santiago Graf Freddy Heineken Apiwe Nxusani-Mawela Christina Nyman Dirck Pesser Regina Wauters Rosa Merckx Sara Barton Pierre Celis Samuel Brain James Eadie (brewer) An de Ryck William McEwan John Young (brewer) Peter Austin (brewer) Michael Thomas Bass (1760–1827) Michael Thomas Bass Cecil Ernest Wells Charrington James Boag I Paddy Fitzgerald W. H. Clark (brewer) Morton Coutts John Primrose (brewer) Terry McCashin Mads Langaard Waldemar Stoud Platou Amund Ringnes (brewery owner, 1840) Søren Anton van der Aa Kühle J. C. Jacobsen Philip Heyman Carl Jacobsen Carol Stoudt Henry Weinhard August Anheuser Busch Sr. Jim Patton (brewer) David Yuengling Gottlieb Heileman William Knapman

Did you know (auto-generated) - load more entries

• ... that weightlifter Wu Tsai-fu drank six huge glasses of beer to help himself urinate for a drug test?
• ... that the FBI's first successful use of silver nitrate to identify fingerprints was in solving the kidnapping of a brewery executive?
• ... that 100 beerhouses were licensed in Brighton (population 40,000) in the first week after the Beerhouse Act 1830 was enacted?
• ... that John P. Metras held all-night recruitment parties including a bathtub full of ice and beer?
• ... that Fred G. Sullivan's film The Beer-Drinker's Guide to Fitness and Filmmaking depicts Sullivan being humiliated with mud and whips for the failings of his previous film?
• ... that some online social and "Barstool conservatives" spent their Christmas holidays arguing about whether a beer promotional calendar was "demonic"?

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Ore Dock's first-floor bar with its railroad spike tap handles (2016)

The Ore Dock Brewing Company is a craft brewery in Marquette, Michigan, that opened in May 2012. Named for a nearby local landmark, the brewery is known for being a "Marquette focal point and tourist destination," in the words of historian Russell Magnaghi. (Full article...)

List of selected breweries

Blackrocks Brewery Boddingtons Brewery John Smith's Brewery Keweenaw Brewing Company O'Brien Brewing and Malting Company Stones Brewery Webster's Brewery William Ulmer Brewery Worthington Brewery Albani Brewery Anchor Brewing Company Bearded Bee Brewing Company Blackrocks Brewery Camerons Brewery Cloudwater Brew Co Emu Brewery Founders Brewing Company Guinness Brewery Jackie O's Pub & Brewery Madeira Brewery Pearl Brewing Company Pilsner Urquell Brewery Rahr and Sons Brewing Company Real Ale Brewing Company Rogue Ales Sierra Nevada Brewing Company Tetley's Brewery Weinhard Brewery Complex Younger's Brewery Yuengling

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Achel trappist beer (Belgium).

Achel trappist beer (Belgium).

Credit: Jérôme Sautret (Zubro)

Achel trappist beer (Belgium).

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General images

The following are images from various beer- and brewing-related articles on Wikipedia.

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  Image 1Gambrinus – king of beer (from History of beer)
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  Image 2Malted barley before kilning or roasting (from Brewing)
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  Image 3Smoked beer from the Schlenkerla brewpub in Bamberg, Germany (from Craft beer)
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  Image 4Brew kettles at Brasserie La Choulette in France (from Brewing)
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  Image 5Põhjala Brewery, Estonia (from Craft beer)
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  Image 6A mash tun at the Bass Museum in Burton-upon-Trent (from Brewing)
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  Image 7Spent grain, a brewing by-product (from Brewing)
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  Image 8Modern closed fermentation vessels (from Brewing)
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  Image 9World beer consumption per capita (from History of beer)
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  Image 10Cask ales with gravity dispense at a beer festival (from Brewing)
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  Image 11Traditional fermenting building (center) and modern fermenting building (left) in Pilsner Urquell Brewery (Czech Republic) (from History of beer)
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  Image 12Pasteur Street Brewing, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (from Craft beer)
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  Image 13Castaña, a smoked beer with chestnuts from Cerex in Extremadura, Spain (from Craft beer)
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  Image 14Great Leap Brewing operates a chain of brewpubs in China. (from Craft beer)
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  Image 15Rock mortars in Raqefet Cave, used to make beer during the Stone Age. (from History of beer)
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  Image 16Steamworks Brewing, Vancouver (from Craft beer)
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  Image 17Hop cone grown in a hop field, Hallertau, Germany (from Brewing)
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  Image 18D. G. Yuengling & Son is the oldest operating brewing company in the US, established in 1829. It is also the largest craft brewer and the 6th largest brewing company. (from Craft beer)
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  Image 19Diatomaceous earth, used to create a filtration bed (from Brewing)
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  Image 20The Caledonian Brewery, founded in 1869, Edinburgh, Scotland (from History of beer)
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  Image 21A funerary model of a bakery and brewery, from the Eleventh dynasty of Egypt, c. 2009–1998 BCE (from History of beer)
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  Image 22Irish Craft Beer Festival, 2015 (from Craft beer)
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  Image 23Conditioning tanks at Anchor Brewing Company (from Brewing)
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  Image 24Bergenhus microbrewery, Bergen, Norway (from Craft beer)
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  Image 25A yard of ale at Jolly Brewery, Taiwan (from Craft beer)
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  Image 26Philistine pottery beer jug (from History of beer)
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  Image 27A hydrometer measures beer's specific gravity (from History of beer)
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  Image 28Open vessels showing fermentation taking place (from Brewing)
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  Image 29Robohop, a session IPA from Cervisiam in Oslo, Norway (from Craft beer)
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  Image 30Bottling beer in a modern facility, 1945, Australia (from History of beer)
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  Image 31A growler of beer from Flounder Brewing, a nanobrewery in New Jersey, US (from Craft beer)
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  Image 32Dogo Beer from Minakuchi-shuzō microbrewery in Matsuyama, Japan (from Craft beer)
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  Image 33Spontaneous fermentation at Timmermans in Belgium (from Brewing)
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  Image 34Casks of real ale from British microbreweries at a beer festival (from Craft beer)
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  Image 35Bill Urquhart at Litchborough Brewery (from Craft beer)
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  Image 36Craft brewing at Allagash in Portland, Maine (from Craft beer)
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  Image 37A 16th-century brewery (from History of beer)
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  Image 38Lauter tun (from Brewing)
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  Image 39Zoigl beers from the communal brewhouses of Oberpfalz in Germany (from Craft beer)
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  Image 40A beer sommelier tapping a barrel for a taste at Nebraska Brewing Company (from Craft beer)
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  Image 41A can of Juicy Ass IPA from Flying Monkeys Craft Brewery in Barrie, Ontario, Canada (from Craft beer)
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  Image 42A replica of ancient Egyptian beer, brewed from emmer wheat by the Courage brewery in 1996 (from History of beer)
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  Image 43A selection of French craft beers (from Craft beer)
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  Image 44Alulu beer receipt recording a purchase of "best" beer from a brewer, c. 2050 BCE, from the Sumerian city of Umma in ancient Iraq. (from History of beer)
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  Image 45A 16th-century brewery (from Brewing)
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  Image 46Microbreweries, regional breweries, and brew pubs per capita (from Craft beer)
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  Image 47The Alulu beer receipt records a purchase of "best" beer from a brewer, c. 2050 BC, from the Sumerian city of Umma in Mesopotamia (ancient Iraq). (from Brewing)

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“	Beer, if drunk with moderation, softens the temper, cheers the spirit and promotes health	”
	— Thomas Jefferson

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• List of World Beer Cup awards

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WikiProject Beer is an association of Wikipedians with an interest in beer and beer-related subjects. They have come together to coordinate the development of beer and brewery articles here on Wikipedia. Additionally, other groups have formed other projects that entertain subjects that are directly related to beer, bartending and pubs. Additionally, the mixed drinks project covers topics that include beer cocktails. If any of these subjects pique your interest, please feel free to visit their projects. These groups would love to have you participate!

Parent project: WikiProject Food and Drink	view
Child projects:	Task forces: (All inactive)
Wikiproject Bacon (inactive) WikiProject Bartending (inactive) WikiProject Beer WikiProject Breakfast (inactive) WikiProject Fishing and Fisheries WikiProject Spirits (semi-active) Wikiproject Wine (inactive)	Beverages task force Cheeses task force Coffee and Tea task force Desserts task force Foodservice task force Herbs and Spices task force Pub task force
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