Portal:Armenia
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Welcome to the Armenia Portal
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Բարի գալուստ Հայաստանի պորտալ!
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Armenia, officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Armenian highlands of West Asia. It is a part of the Caucasus region and is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan to the south. Yerevan is the capital, largest city and financial center.
The Armenian highlands have been home to the Hayasa-Azzi, Shupria, and Nairi peoples. By at least 600 BC, an archaic form of Proto-Armenian, an Indo-European language, had diffused into the Armenian highlands. The first Armenian state of Urartu was established in 860 BC, and by the 6th century BC it was replaced by the Satrapy of Armenia. The Kingdom of Armenia reached its height under Tigranes the Great in the 1st century BC and in AD 301 became the first state in the world to adopt Christianity as its official religion. Armenia still recognises the Armenian Apostolic Church, the world's oldest national church, as the country's primary religious establishment. The ancient Armenian kingdom was split between the Byzantine and Sasanian Empires around the early 5th century. Under the Bagratuni dynasty, the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia was restored in the 9th century before falling in 1045. Cilician Armenia, an Armenian principality and later a kingdom, was located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea between the 11th and 14th centuries.
Between the 16th and 19th centuries, the traditional Armenian homeland composed of Eastern Armenia and Western Armenia came under the rule of the Ottoman and Persian empires, repeatedly ruled by either of the two over the centuries. By the 19th century, Eastern Armenia had been conquered by the Russian Empire while most of Western Armenia remained under Ottoman rule. During World War I up to 1.5 million Armenians were systematically exterminated in the Armenian genocide. Following the Russian Revolution, the First Republic of Armenia declared independence in 1918. By 1920, the state was incorporated into the Soviet Union as the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic. Today's Republic of Armenia became independent in 1991 during the dissolution of the Soviet Union. (Full article...)
Selected article
The history of Armenia covers the topics related to the history of the Republic of Armenia, as well as the Armenian people, the Armenian language, and the regions of Eurasia historically and geographically considered Armenian.
Armenia is located between Eastern Anatolia and the Armenian highlands, surrounding the Biblical mountains of Ararat. The endonym of the Armenians is hay, and the old Armenian name for the country is Hayk' (Armenian: Հայք, which also means "Armenians" in Classical Armenian), later Hayastan (Armenian: Հայաստան). Armenians traditionally associate this name with the legendary progenitor of the Armenian people, Hayk. The names Armenia and Armenian are exonyms, first attested in the Behistun Inscription of Darius the Great. The early Armenian historian Movses Khorenatsi derived the name Armenia from Aramaneak, the eldest son of the legendary Hayk. Various theories exist about the origin of the endonym and exonyms of Armenia and Armenians (see Name of Armenia). (Full article...)
Selected biography
Mesrop Mashtots (listen; Armenian: Մեսրոպ Մաշտոց, romanized: Mesrop Maštoc' 362 – 17 February 440 AD) was an Armenian linguist, composer, theologian, statesman, and hymnologist. He is venerated as a saint in the Armenian Apostolic Church.
He is best known for inventing the Armenian alphabet c. 405 AD, which was a fundamental step in strengthening Armenian national identity. He is also considered to be the creator of the Caucasian Albanian and, possibly, the Georgian script, though it is disputed. (Full article...)
General images
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Noravank horseman hunting a lion, late 13th to early 14th century (from Noravank) -
The "Chapel of the Proshyans" in Rock-This is the rock-cut church past the zhamatun. It was dedicated by Prince Prosh in 1283. (from Geghard) -
The entrance of Astvatsatsin church (from Noravank) -
The monastery in the early 20th century (from Noravank) -
Noravank khachkars (from Noravank) -
Surb Karapet (St. John the Baptist) Church (from Noravank) -
Panorama of Noravank monastery and Amaghu valley (from Noravank) -
Holy Mother of God Church (from Tatev Monastery) -
The museum (from Noravank) -
The monastery c. 1920 (from Tatev Monastery) -
An illustration of the monastery from 1881. (from Tatev Monastery) -
Mausoleum of Prince Prosh Khaghbakian (1283). The tombs are behind the twin arches. The entrance to the Proshyan chapel is to the right. (from Geghard) -
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St. Gregory the Illuminator's Church (from Tatev Monastery) -
Swinging Column in 1839 (from Tatev Monastery) -
Cupola on arches. Proshyan chapel (1283). (from Geghard) -
Tatev Monastery (from Tatev Monastery) -
A detail of the Astvatsatsin church (from Noravank) -
The main church, or "Kathogike" (from Geghard) -
Column from the gavit (from Geghard) -
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17th-century service buildings (foreground) (from Geghard) -
Approach to the monastery (from Noravank) -
Rock-cut chamber: tomb of Prosh Khaghbakian (1283). (from Geghard) -
Ornament on the ceiling of the Saint Grigor chapel made with the Vordan Karmir (Cochineal Red) pigment (from Noravank) -
Boundary agreement between the villages Khut, Shinhar and Halizur (Halidzor) owned by the Tatev Monastery. Persian manuscript, dated 13 November 1400 (from Tatev Monastery) -
Plan of Geghard, with identification of the main structures. (from Geghard) -
Emblem of the Proshyan family. (from Geghard) -
The Upper Zhamatun (1288), tomb of Papak Proshyan and his wife Ruzukana (from Geghard) -
Carved tombstones of Smbat and Elikum III Orbelian, inside the chapel of Surb Grigor (from Noravank) -
Tatev Monastery (from Tatev Monastery) -
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View of the monastery and surroundings, 2025 (from Tatev Monastery) -
Engraved crosses on the cave church wall in the Geghard Monastery. (from Geghard) -
Tatev Monastery pillar (from Tatev Monastery) -
Noravank (from Noravank) -
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Window tympanum of the Gavit. Interpretation is unclear: God the Father with the head of John the Baptist, Jesus or Adam in his hand and Jesus on the Cross (from Noravank) -
The hole (from Noravank) -
Surb Astvatsatsin Church of Noravank (from Noravank) -
View of the interior (from Noravank) -
Façade of Surb Astvatsatsin Church (from Noravank) -
Arched entrance to the caves adjacent to the monastery. (from Geghard) -
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Broken khachkar to the left of Astvatsatsin church (from Noravank) -
Grave of Elikum III Orbelian, son of Prince Tarsaich Orbelian (from Noravank) -
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The façade of Surb Karapet Church with a depiction of God the Father (upper relief) (from Noravank) -
Cupola on arches. Proshyan chapel (1283). (from Geghard) -
Plan of Noravank (from Noravank) -
Plan of Saints Paul and Peter Church (from Tatev Monastery) -
Swinging Column in Tatev (from Tatev Monastery) -
The back of the Astvatsatsin church (from Noravank) -
Entrance to the Proshyan chapel (1283). (from Geghard) -
Bas-relief (from Noravank) -
Aerial view (from Noravank) -
The Church of Saints Paul and Peter at sunset (from Tatev Monastery) -
The southern entrance of Surb Karapet church (from Noravank) -
Column, tomb of Papak Proshyan, 1288. (from Geghard) -
Cross decoration on the walls of Astvatsatsin church (from Noravank) -
Geghard in the snow (from Geghard)
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Selected picture
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Armenian National Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet -
Noravank Monastery
Did you know (auto-generated)
- ... that although five of Armenian composer Grigor Yeghiazaryan's siblings died of starvation from the Armenian genocide, his life was saved because he played in a brass band?
- ... that Etchmiadzin Cathedral, Armenia's mother church, previously had a Tibetan Buddhist bell?
- ... that sauerkraut made by members of a Russian spiritual sect in Armenia was popular in many other parts of the Soviet Union?
- ... that Muslim sources say that 50,000 inhabitants "burned alive" in the sacking of Tbilisi in 853?
- ... that Alexander Atabekian published the first anarchist periodical in the Armenian language?
- ...that the influential Armenian merchants Petik and Sanos expanded the Armenian Church of the Forty Martyrs in Aleppo, in spite of Ottoman laws that banned new construction and expansion of churches?
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