Opinion polling for the 2000 Russian presidential election

Opinion polling for the Russian presidential election, 2000

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This page lists public opinion polls in connection with the 2000 Russian presidential election.

First round

1996–97 polls

Polling Firm/ Link	Fieldwork Date	Yeltsin Ind.	Nemtsov Ind.	Zyuganov CPRF	Lebed KRO	Luzhkov Ind.	Yavlinsky Yabloko	Zhirinovsky LDPR	Chernomyrdin NDR	Tuleyev CPRF	Chubais DVR	Fyodorov PST	Other	Against all	Undecided	Lead
1996 election (1st round)	16 June 1996 (1996-06-16)	35.8	—	32.5	14.7	—	7.4	5.8	—	0.0	—	0.9	1.1[a]	1.6	—	3.3
VCIOM[1]	Sep 1996	—	2	24	30	2	5	2	8	—	—	—	27		—	6
VCIOM[1]	Dec 1996	—	3	23	22	5	7	4	4	—	—	—	32		—	1
VCIOM[1]	Jan 1997	—	4	19	22	4	6	5	8	—	—	—	32		—	3
VCIOM[1]	May 1997	—	19	21	13	4	7	4	2	—	—	—	30		—	2
VCIOM[2]	30 Aug 1997	4	28	14	15	8	7	6	4	3	1	1	8[b]	—	—	13
FOM[3]	30 Aug 1997	—	20	17	11	11	6	3	3	—	—	—	—	3	15	3
VCIOM[1]	Sep 1997	6	17	24	10	10	6	4	3	—	—	—	24		—	7
VCIOM[1]	Oct 1997	7	13	24	7	9	8	4	2	—	—	—	26		—	11
VCIOM[4]	10 Oct 1997	4	15	14	10	9	7	4	3	1	2	2	2[c]	11	15	1
VCIOM[1]	Nov 1997	9	11	21	9	6	8	3	4	—	—	—	29		—	10
VCIOM[1]	Dec 1997	5	10	20	9	5	8	6	4	—	—	—	22		—	10
VCIOM[5]	30 Dec 1997	5	8	12	9	5	7	4	3	3	1	0	4[d]	14	22	3

1998 polls

Polling Firm/ Link	Fieldwork Date	Yeltsin Ind.	Nemtsov Ind.	Zyuganov CPRF	Lebed KRO	Luzhkov Otechestvo	Yavlinsky Yabloko	Zhirinovsky LDPR	Chernomyrdin NDR	Primakov Ind.	Tuleyev CPRF	Other	Against All	Undecided	Lead
VCIOM[6]	January	2	—	16	9	8	6	4	2	—	—	19	10	23	7
VCIOM[7]	15 Jan	—	11	18	12	10	9	6	2	—	4	4	12		6
VCIOM[6]	February	5	—	15	8	—	7	4	2	—	—	16	15	20	7
VCIOM[8]	15 Feb	6	9	13	8	9	8	4	2	—	2	1	13	—	4
VCIOM[6]	March	3	—	15	7	5	8	3	3	—	—	20	14	22	7
VCIOM[9]	15 Mar	4	10	15	7	5	8	3	4	—	2	2	11	—	5
VCIOM[6]	May	5	—	18	11	8	9	3	4	—	—	8	14	16	7
FOM[10]	10 May	4	6	20	10	11	10	5	5	—	—	—	—	—	9
VCIOM[11]	15 May	—	4	16	11	8	10	3	4	—	—	2	13	16	5
VCIOM[6]	June	5	—	14	7	7	8	3	4	—	—	11	17	23	6
VCIOM[12]	15 Jun	1	4	13	8	7	8	3	5	—	2	2	15	—	5
VCIOM[6]	July	2	—	15	10	6	6	4	2	—	—	9	17	26	5
VCIOM[13]	15 Jul	2	2	13	11	6	6	3	3	—	1	2	15	—	2
VCIOM[6]	August	2	—	18	12	4	5	5	3	—	—	11	14	23	6
VCIOM[14]	15 Aug	1	1	13	8	6	6	4	1	3	1	1	24		5
VCIOM[6]	September	1	—	16	8	5	6	4	2	2	—	—	—	22	8
VCIOM[6]	October	0	—	12	7	10	8	3	2	4	—	7	12	32	2
FOM[15]	10 Oct	—	—	17	13	16	9	—	—	9	—	—	—	—	1
VCIOM[16]	15 Oct	1	1	11	7	10	9	3	2	5	1	3	—	—	1
FOM[15]	17 Oct	—	—	19	11	16	7	—	—	11	—	—	—	—	3
FOM[15]	24 Oct	—	—	18	11	11	9	—	—	13	—	—	—	—	5
VCIOM[17]	30 Oct	1	1	12	9	12	8	3	1	8	2	1	—	—	Tie
VCIOM[18]	30 Oct	—	—	17	13	20	17	4	2	14	—	—	—	—	3
FOM[15]	31 Oct	—	—	18	12	13	10	—	—	15	—	—	—	—	3
VCIOM[6]	November	1	—	14	9	11	6	3	1	7	—	7	13	26	3
FOM[19]	11 Nov	—	—	18	9	13	10	4	2	15	—	8[e]	6	13	3
VCIOM[20]	15 Nov	—	2	21	8	18	13	5	2	13	—	5	—	—	3
VCIOM[21]	15 Nov	—	3	21	10	17	13	5	2	13	—	2	—	—	4
VCIOM[6]	December	—	—	17	—	12	8	4	1	10	—	6	8	27	5

1999 polls

Polling Firm	Fieldwork Date	Putin Ind.	Nemtsov SPS	Zyuganov CPRF	Lebed Ind./KRO	Luzhkov OVR	Yavlinsky Yabloko	Zhirinovsky LDPR	Chernomyrdin NDR	Primakov OVR	Kiriyenko SPS	Stepashin Ind.	Shoigu Ind.	Seleznyov CPRF	Other	Against All	Undecided	Wouldn't vote	Additional candidates
VCIOM[22]	15 Feb	—	3	20	8	16	12	5	1	16	4	—	—	2	5	—	—	11	—
VCIOM[23]	15 Feb	—	3	19	9	17	12	4	1	16	4	—	—	2	2	—	—	10	—
VCIOM[24]	15 Feb	—	2	16	10	15	11	4	1	16	4	—	—	3	2	—	—	6	Lukashenko 4, Makashov 0
VCIOM[6]	19–22 Feb	—	—	17	5	13	9	3	0	10	2	—	—	—	7	9	25	—	—
VCIOM[25]	28 Feb	—	2	21	7	19	14	5	1	20	3	—	—	1	1	—	—	7	—
VCIOM[6]	March	—	—	17	6	13	10	3	1	15	3	—	—	—	3	10	20	—	—
VCIOM[26]	15 Mar	—	2	21	6	13	11	6	1	15	3	—	—	1	1	—	—	13	[f]
VCIOM[27]	15 Mar	—	2	21	7	16	12	6	1	18	4	—	—	2	1	—	—	9	—
VCIOM[28]	30 Mar	—	1	20	6	18	11	7	2	17	3	3	—	1	2	—	—	8	—
VCIOM[6]	April	—	—	19	6	13	11	6	1	15	4	2	—	—	5	11	10	—	—
VCIOM[29]	15 Apr	—	2	21	6	16	11	6	2	14	4	6	—	1	1	—	—	9	Pamfilova 1
VCIOM[30]	30 Apr	—	2	20	5	16	10	5	2	15	4	7	—	1	2	—	—	9	[g]
VCIOM[6]	May	—	—	19	5	13	7	6	1	15	4	—	—	—	3	12	16	—	—
VCIOM[31]	June	—	—	24	7	15	12	6	2	14	4	5	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
FOM[32][31]	June	—	—	17	6	13	9	6	2	17	—	7	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
VCIOM[33]	15 Jun	25	1	15	3	8	7	3	1	18	3	2	3	1	1	—	—	3	Aksyonenko, Matviyenko 0
VCIOM[6]	18−22 Jun	—	—	16	6	14	8	6	1	11	3	4	—	—	6	12	13	—	—
VCIOM[34]	30 Jun	33	1	18	2	4	7	4	0	15	2	2	2	2	3	—	—	5	—
VCIOM[35]	30 Jun	32	1	18	1	3	5	4	0	14	2	—	—	1	1	3	—	7	Pamfilova 3
FOM[32]	July	—	—	16	—	—	9	6	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	6	10	8	—
VCIOM[36]	15 Jul	37	1	18	4	5	5	3	0	12	2	2	3	0	1	2	—	5	—
VCIOM[37]	15 Jul	39	1	19	3	4	6	3	0	11	2	1	4	0	0	2	—	4	—
VCIOM[6]	23−28 Jul	—	—	18	4	13	7	4	2	13	3	6	—	—	6	10	15	—	—
VCIOM[38]	30 Jul	46	1	15	1	2	5	3	0	11	2	1	2	0	1	3	—	6	—
VCIOM[39]	30 Jul	49	1	16	1	2	5	3	0	10	2	1	1	1	1	2	—	5	—
FOM[32]	August	2	—	16	—	—	6	6	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	6	11	6	—
VCIOM[40]	15 Aug	49	1	16	2	2	4	3	0	10	2	1	2	1	0	2	—	5	—
VCIOM[41]	15 Aug	51	1	17	2	2	5	3	0	7	2	0	2	1	1	2	—	4	—
VCIOM[6]	18−21 Aug	2	—	19	4	8	7	7	2	15	3	5	—	—	4	12	11	—	—
VCIOM[31][42][43]	20-24 Aug	2	2	26	5	9	9	6	3	19	3	7	—	—	—	—	—	—	Pamfilova 1
FOM[31][43]	21-22 Aug	1	—	16	5	8	6	7	2	22	—	11	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
VCIOM[44]	30 Aug	48	1	15	1	2	7	3	0	9	2	1	3	1	1	3	—	6	—
VCIOM[45]	30 Aug	47	1	16	1	1	5	4	0	8	3	1	4	0	1	2	—	6	—
FOM[32]	September	14	—	16	—	—	7	5	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	5	10	7	—
VCIOM[46]	15 Sep	47	1	16	1	2	5	4	0	8	2	1	2	1	1	3	—	5	—
VCIOM[46]	15 Sep	48	2	17	1	2	5	3	0	7	2	1	2	0	1	3	—	6	—
VCIOM[42][47]	17–21 Sep	4–7	—	17–27	4–5	10	7–9	3–5	1	19–22	—	3–6	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
VCIOM[6]	17−21 Sep	5	—	19	4	8	6	3	1	16	2	3	—	—	3	16	14	—	—
FOM[42][47]	18–19 Sep	1–2	—	16–26	5	8–9	6–9	6–7	2–3	19–22	—	7–11	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
VCIOM[48]	30 Sep	51	1	14	1	2	4	4	0	9	2	1	2	0	1	4	—	4	—
VCIOM[49]	30 Sep	53	1	15	0	2	4	3	0	7	2	1	3	1	2	2	—	5	—
FOM[32]	October	21	—	16	—	—	6	5	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	5	10	6	—
VCIOM[6]	October	22	—	16	2	5	5	3	0	13	2	2	—	—	6	12	13	—	—
VCIOM[6]	15–18 Oct	19	—	15	—	—	5	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	13	—	—
VCIOM[47]	15–19 Oct	21–26	—	16–20	3	5–8	7	3–4	—	14–16	—	3–6	2–3	—	—	—	—	—	—
VCIOM[6]	29 Oct–1 Nov	25	—	17	—	—	6	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	13	—	—
FOM[32]	November	40	—	16	—	—	5	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	3	9	5	—
VCIOM[6]	November	22	—	14	1	2	4	3	0	7	2	1	—	—	4	12	13	—	—
VCIOM[6]	10–13 Dec	30	—	15	—	—	4	4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	14	—	—
VCIOM[6]	12–15 Dec	35	—	14	—	—	2	4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	15	—	—
VCIOM[50]	15 Nov	53	1	13	1	2	4	3	0	9	2	1	4	1	0	3	—	4	—
VCIOM[51]	15 Nov	54	1	12	1	2	4	2	0	9	3	1	3	1	2	2	—	4	—
VCIOM[52][53]	26–29 Nov	45	—	17	7	2	5	3	—	9	—	—	4	—	—	—	—	—	—
VCIOM[6]	26–29 Nov	36	—	14	—	—	4	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	13	—	—
FOM[32]	December	45	—	15	—	—	5	5	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	5	7	4	—
VCIOM[6]	December	40	—	13	0	0	3	3	—	6	1	0	—	—	4	12	12	—	—
VCIOM[6]	3–6 Dec	36	—	14	—	—	5	4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	15	—	—
FOM[54]	8 Dec	45	—	17	—	3	5	4	—	7	—	—	—	—	4	7	4	—	—
VCIOM[6]	10–13 Dec	41	—	14	—	—	3	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	12	—	—
VCIOM[53]	17–20 Dec	51	—	19	2	2	5	4	—	9	—	—	2	—	—	—	—	—	—
VCIOM[6]	17–20 Dec	41	—	12	—	—	3	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	14	—	—
VCIOM[6]	24–27 Dec	42	—	14	—	—	3	5	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	9	—	—
VCIOM[55]	30 Dec	51	1	16	1	1	3	4	0	9	3	1	3	1	1	3	—	5	—
VCIOM[56]	30 Dec	53	0	16	1	1	2	3	0	8	3	1	2	1	1	2	—	4	—

2000 polls

Polling Firm	Fieldwork Date	Putin Ind.	Zyuganov CPRF	Yavlinsky Yabloko	Zhirinovsky LDPR	Primakov OVR	Pamfilova Ind.	Tuleyev Ind.	Titov Ind.	Other	Against All	Undecided	Wouldn't vote	Additional candidates
VCIOM[6]	8 Dec 1999 – 4 Jan 2000	48	11	3	2	—	—	—	—	—	3	12	6	—
FOM[32]	January	54	14	4	4	—	—	1	1	—	4	7	4	—
VCIOM[6]	8–10 Jan	48	15	2	3	—	—	—	—	—	3	10	8	—
VCIOM[57]	14–17 Jan	62	15	2	2	—	—	—	—	9	1	7	—	—
VCIOM[57]	14–17 Jan	58	16	4	3	—	—	—	—	7	2	8	—	—
VCIOM[6]	14–17 Jan	55	13	3	3	—	—	2	—	—	2	12	3	—
VCIOM[6]	21–24 Jan	49	12	3	3	—	—	1	—	—	4	13	8	—
VCIOM[6]	28–31 Jan	49	13	2	3	—	—	1	—	—	3	11	7	—
VCIOM[58][59]	28–31 Jan	58	15	3	2	6	—	—	—	7	1	9	—	—
VCIOM[60]	30 Jan	59	16	2	3	8	—	—	—	1	2	—	4	[h]
VCIOM[61]	30 Jan	56	14	2	2	6	—	0	—	0	—	8	4	[i]
VCIOM[62]	30 Jan	62	16	2	2	7	—	—	—	1	2	—	4	[h]
VCIOM[6]	February	50	15	3	—	—	—	2	—	—	5	10	9	—
FOM[32]	2–3 Feb	53	15	4	3	—	—	2	1	—	3	8	5	—
VCIOM[58]	4–7 Feb	57	17	4	2	—	—	—	—	5	3	7	—	—
FOM[32]	5–6 Feb	55	15	3	3	—	—	1	2	—	3	7	5	—
FOM[32]	9–10 Feb	57	18	5	3	—	—	2	1	—	4	7	3	—
FOM[32]	12–13 Feb	54	18	5	4	—	—	1	1	—	4	9	4	—
VCIOM[57]	11–14 Feb	59	19	4	3	—	<1	2	1	1	4	7	—	[j]
FOM[32]	16–17 Feb	53	21	5	3	—	—	2	1	—	4	7	4	—
VCIOM[63]	18–21 Feb	59	18	3	3	—	<1	3	1	3	2	8	—	[j]
FOM[32]	19–20 Feb	55	16	5	4	—	—	2	1	—	3	9	6	—
FOM[32]	23–24 Feb	53	16	4	4	—	1	2	1	3	3	9	4	—
VCIOM[58][64]	25–28 Feb	56	21	5	3	—	—	2	1	3	2	9	—	[k]
FOM[32]	26–27 Feb	54	19	6	—	—	1	2	1	1	4	10	3	—
FOM[32]	1–2 Mar	54	18	4	—	—	1	2	1	1	3	10	5	—
VCIOM[58]	3–6 Mar	59	22	4	—	—	—	2	—	0	3	6	—	—
VCIOM[6]	3-6 Mar	47	17	4	4	—	—	2	—	6	9	9	5	—
FOM[32]	4–5 Mar	54	19	4	—	—	1	2	1	2	4	10	5	—
FOM[32]	9–10 Mar	46	20	5	5	—	1	2	2	3	3	9	4	—
VCIOM[58]	10–13 Mar	58	21	5	3	—	—	2	—	1	2	6	—	—
FOM[32]	11–12 Mar	48	19	4	4	—	1	3	2	2	4	10	4	—
FOM[32]	15–16 Mar	48	20	5	4	—	1	3	3	1	3	10	4	—
FOM[32]	18–19 Mar	44	20	5	4	—	1	4	2	1	3	12	5	—
FOM[32]	22–23 Mar	46	20	5	3	—	1	3	2	1	2	12	5	—
Result	26 Mar	53.4	29.5	5.9	2.7	—	1.0	3.0	1.5	—	1.9	—	—	1.1[l]

Hypothetical second round polls

With Chernomyrdin

Date	Agency	Chernomyrdin	Luzhkov	Ryzhkov	Yavlinsky	Zyuganov	Against all	Wouldn't vote
18 January 1997	FOM[65]	19	44	—	—	—	—	—
		30	—	—	—	37	—	—
15 February 1998	VCIOM[66]	26	—	—	—	29	30	14
15 August 1998	FOM[67]	14	—	—	26	—	—	—
12 September 1998	FOM[67]	14	—	—	26	—	—	—
15 June 1999	VCIOM[68]	12	—	19	—	—	69	—

With Kiriyenko

Date	Agency	Kiriyenko	Putin	Yavlinsky	Against all
15 June 1999	VCIOM[69][70]	11	66	—	23
		19	—	29	52

With Lebed

Date	Agency	Lebed	Primakov	Putin	Zyuganov	Nemtsov	Yavlinsky	Against all	Wouldn't vote
18 January 1997	FOM[65]	46	—	—	30	—	—	—	—
5 April 1997	FOM[71]	25	—	—	—	52	—	—	—
15 February 1998	VCIOM[72]	37	—	—	24	—	—	26	13
15 August 1998	FOM[67]	32	—	—	—	—	20	—	—
12 September 1998	FOM[67]	33	—	—	—	—	30	—	—
7 November 1998	FOM[73]	23	45	—	—	—	—	—	—
15 June 1999	VCIOM[74]	12	—	66	—	—	—	22	—
15 August 1999	VCIOM[75]	6	—	80	—	—	—	—	5

With Luzhkov

Date	Agency	Luzhkov	Chernomyrdin	Nemtsov	Primakov	Putin	Stepashin	Shoigu	Yavlinsky	Zyuganov	Against all	Wouldn't vote
18 January 1997	FOM[65]	44	19	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
		42	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	31	—	—
5 April 1997	FOM[71]	24	—	47	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
15 February 1998	VCIOM[76]	46	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	24	18	11
15 August 1998	FOM[67]	34	—	—	—	—	—	—	18	—	—	—
12 September 1998	FOM[67]	34	—	—	—	—	—	—	28	—	—	—
7 November 1998	FOM[73]	25	—	—	40	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
30 April 1999	VCIOM[77][78][79][80]	32	—	—	49	—	9	—	—	—	10	—
		43	—	—	—	—	31	—	—	—	14	12
		45	—	—	—	—	—	—	28	—	15	12
		45	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	32	13	10
15 June 1999	VCIOM[81][82][83]	18	—	—	59	—	—	—	—	—	24	—
		28	—	—	—	—	30	—	—	—	42	—
		31	—	—	—	—	—	27	—	—	42	—
15 June 1999	VCIOM[84][85]	28	—	—	—	—	—	—	31	—	41	—
		10	—	—	—	77	—	—	—	—	5	—

With Nemtsov

Date	Agency	Nemtsov	Zyuganov	Lebed	Luzhkov	Against all	Wouldn't vote
5 April 1997	FOM[71]	49	28	—	—	—	—
		52	—	25	—	—	—
		47	—	—	24	—	—
15 February 1998	VCIOM[86]	38	28	—	—	22	12

With Primakov

Date	Agency	Primakov	Lebed	Luzhkov	Putin	Stepashin	Yavlinsky	Zyuganov	Against all	Wouldn't Vote
7 November 1998	FOM[73]	45	—	23	—	—	—	—	—	—
		40	25	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
		45	—	—	—	—	20	—	—	—
		43	—	—	—	—	—	25	—	—
30 April 1999	VCIOM[77][87][88][89]	49	—	32	—	—	—	—	9	10
		54	—	—	—	25	—	—	11	10
		56	—	—	—	—	23	—	11	10
		55	—	—	—	—	—	25	10	9
15 June 1999	VCIOM[81]	59	—	18	—	—	—	—	24	—
15 August 1999	VCIOM[90][91][92]	20	—	—	69	—	—	—	7	4
		46	—	—	—	—	21	—	25	8
		42	—	—	—	—	—	26	26	10
30 January 2000	VCIOM[93]	18	—	—	75	—	—	—	4	3

With Putin

Date	Agency	Putin	Kiriyenko	Lebed	Luzhkov	Primakov	Shoigu	Stepashin	Yavlinsky	Zhirinovsky	Zyuganov	Against all	Undecided	Wouldn't vote
15 June 1999	VCIOM[69][74][94]	66	11	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	23	—	—
		66	—	12	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	22	—	—
		64	—	—	—	—	12	—	—	—	—	24	—	—
15 August 1999	VCIOM[75][85][95][96][90][97][98]	80	—	6	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	5
		77	—	—	10	—	—	—	—	—	—	5	—	—
		69	—	—	—	20	—	—	—	—	—	7	—	4
		80	—	—	—	—	—	6	—	—	—	9	—	5
		77	—	—	—	—	—	—	10	—	—	8	—	5
		81	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	5	—	9	—	5
		67	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	23	6	—	4
30 January 2000	VCIOM[93][99]	75	—	—	—	18	—	—	—	—	—	4	—	3
		71	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	23	3	—	3
11–14 February 2000	VCIOM[58]	76	—	—	—	—	—	—	11	—	—	9	4	—
		68	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	24	4	4	—
10–13 March 2000	VCIOM[58]	72	—	—	—	—	—	—	10	—	—	12	6	—
		64	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	26	6	4	—

With Ryzhkov

Date	Agency	Ryzhkov	Chernomyrdin	Against all
15 June 1999	VCIOM[68]	19	12	69

With Shoigu

Date	Agency	Shoigu	Luzhkov	Putin	Against all
15 June 1999	VCIOM[83][94]	27	31	—	42
		12	—	64	24

With Stepashin

Date	Agency	Stepashin	Luzhkov	Primakov	Putin	Yavlinsky	Zyuganov	Against all	Wouldn't vote
15 February 1998	VCIOM[100]	44	—	—	—	—	32	15	10
15 April 1999	VCIOM[101]	40	—	—	—	29	—	18	13
30 April 1999	VCIOM[78][87]	31	43	—	—	—	—	14	12
		25	—	54	—	—	—	11	10
15 June 1999	VCIOM[82][102]	30	28	—	—	—	—	42	—
		26	—	—	—	30	—	43	—
15 August 1999	VCIOM[96]	6	—	—	80	—	—	9	5

With Yavlinsky

Date	Agency	Yavlinsky	Cherno- myrdin	Kiriyenko	Lebed	Luzhkov	Putin	Primakov	Stepashin	Zyuganov	Against all	Undecided	Wouldn't vote
15 February 1998	VCIOM[76][103]	24	—	—	—	46	—	—	—	—	18	—	11
		35	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	27	25	—	13
15 August 1998	FOM[67]	26	14	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
		20	—	—	32	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
		18	—	—	—	34	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
		21	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	31	—	—	—
12 September 1998	FOM[67]	26	14	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
		30	—	—	33	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
		28	—	—	—	34	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
		30	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	30	—	—	—
7 November 1998	FOM[73]	20	—	—	—	—	—	45	—	—	—	—	—
15 April 1999	VCIOM[101]	29	—	—	—	—	—	—	40	—	18	—	13
30 April 1999	VCIOM[80][88][104]	28	—	—	—	45	—	—	—	—	15	—	12
		23	—	—	—	—	—	56	—	—	11	—	10
		37	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	34	18	—	11
15 June 1999	VCIOM[70][84][95][102]	29	—	19	—	—	—	—	—	—	52	—	—
		31	—	—	—	28	—	—	—	—	41	—	—
		10	—	—	—	—	77	—	—	—	8	—	5
		30	—	—	—	—	—	—	26	—	43	—	—
15 August 1999	VCIOM[91][105]	21	—	—	—	—	—	46	—	—	25	—	8
		35	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	29	29	—	7
11–14 February 2000	VCIOM[58]	11	—	—	—	—	76	—	—	—	9	4	—
10–13 March 2000	VCIOM[58]	10	—	—	—	—	72	—	—	—	12	6	—

With Zyuganov

Date	Agency	Zyuganov	Cherno- myrdin	Lebed	Luzhkov	Nemtsov	Putin	Primakov	Stepashin	Yavlinsky	Yeltsin	Against all	Undecided	Wouldn't vote
18 January 1997	FOM[65]	37	30	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
		30	—	46	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
		31	—	—	42	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
5 April 1997	FOM[71]	28	—	—	—	49	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
15 February 1998	VCIOM[86][100][103][106]	28	—	—	—	38	—	—	—	—	—	22	—	12
		32	—	—	—	—	—	—	44	—	—	15	—	10
		27	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	35	—	25	—	13
	VCIOM[66][72][76]	29	26	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	30	—	14
		24	—	37	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	26	—	13
		24	—	—	46	—	—	—	—	—	—	18	—	11
		26	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	27	27	13	8
15 August 1998	FOM[67]	31	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	21	—	—	—	—
12 September 1998	FOM[67]	30	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	30	—	—	—	—
7 November 1998	FOM[73]	25	—	—	—	—	—	43	—	—	—	—	—	—
30 April 1999	VCIOM[79]	32	—	—	45	—	—	—	—	—	—	13	—	10
	VCIOM[89][104]	25	—	—	—	—	—	55	—	—	—	10	—	9
		34	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	37	—	18	—	11
15 August 1999	VCIOM[98][92][105]	23	—	—	—	—	67	—	—	—	—	6	—	4
		26	—	—	—	—	—	42	—	—	—	26	—	10
		29	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	35	—	29	—	7
30 January 2000	VCIOM[99]	23	—	—	—	—	71	—	—	—	—	3	—	3
11–14 February 2000	VCIOM[58]	24	—	—	—	—	68	—	—	—	—	4	4	—
10–13 March 2000	VCIOM[58]	26	—	—	—	—	64	—	—	—	—	6	4	—

With Zhirinovsky

Date	Agency	Zhirinovsky	Putin	Against All	Undecided
15 August 1999	VCIOM[97]	5	81	9	5

With Yeltsin

Date	Agency	Yeltsin	Zyuganov	Against all	Wouldn't vote	Undecided
15 February 1998	VCIOM[106]	27	26	27	13	8

Subnational polls

Moscow

Date	Agency	Putin	Zyuganov	Yavlinsky	Zhirinovsky	Govorukhin	Against All	Undecided/ no reply	Wouldn't vote
18 January 2000	FOM[107]	37	5	3	1	—	4	32	7
24 January 2000		34	5	5	1	—	4	28	8
31 January 2000		33	5	4	0	—	4	36	8
7 February 2000		34	6	6	1	—	6	36	6
14 February 2000		31	6	6	1	—	6	37	9
21 February 2000		36	6	7	1	0	5	33	6
28 February 2000		35	7	6	1	0	6	36	5
6 March 2000		35	7	6	1	1	8	33	7
13 March 2000		34	8	9	1	0	7	34	5
20 March 2000		33	7	8	1	0	5	36	7

Notes

1. Mikhail Gorbachev (Ind.) 0.5%, Martin Shakkum (SNPR) 0.4%, Vladimir Bryntsalov (RSP) 0.2%
2. Yegor Gaidar (DVR) 1%, Mikhail Gorbachev (Ind.) 1%, Alexander Rutskoy (Derzhava) 1%
3. Yegor Gaidar (DVR) 1%
4. Alexander Lukashenko (Ind.) 1%, Alexander Rutskoy (Derzhava) 1%
5. Seleznyov 1%, not voting 7%.
6. S. Fyodorov, Gaidar, Lukashenko, Ryzhkov, Tuleyev 1%, Ayatskov, Barkashov, Bryntsalov, Chubais, B. Fyodorov, Kulikov, Nikolayev, Rutskoy, Stroyev, Yeltsin 0%
7. Pamfilova 2%, Barkashov 1%, Aksyonenko, Bryntsalov 0%
8. Kiriyenko, Lebed, Luzhkov, Shoigu, Seleznyov 1%, Chernomyrdin, Nemtsov, Stepashin 0%
9. Kiriyenko 2%, Ayatskov, Luzhkov, Shoigu, Seleznyov, Stepashin 1%, Anpilov, Barkashov, Chernomyrdin, Chubais, S. Fyodorov, Gaidar, Ilyukhin, Lapshin, Lebed, Lukashenko, Makashov, Nemtsov, Stroyev 0%
10. Govorukhin 1%, Dzhabrailov, Podberezkin, Skuratov <1%
11. Govorukhin, Savostyanov 1%, Dzhabrailov, Podberezkin, Skuratov <1%
12. Govorukhin 0.4%, Dzhabrailov 0.1%, Podberezkin 0.1%, Skuratov 0.4%

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