Ludowici, Georgia

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Ludowici, Georgia
City
Location in Long County and the state of Georgia
Location in Long County and the state of Georgia
Coordinates: 31°42′38″N 81°44′40″W / 31.71056°N 81.74444°W / 31.71056; -81.74444
CountryUnited States
StateGeorgia
CountyLong
Area
[1]
 • Total
2.88 sq mi (7.47 km2)
 • Land2.87 sq mi (7.44 km2)
 • Water0.01 sq mi (0.03 km2)
Elevation
66 ft (20 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
1,590
 • Density553.81/sq mi (213.82/km2)
Time zoneUTC-5 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC-4 (EDT)
ZIP code
31316
Area code912
FIPS code13-47784[2]
GNIS feature ID0356371[3]
Websitehttps://www.longcountyeda.com/ludowici

Ludowici (/ˌluːdəˈwɪsɪ/) is a city in Long County, Georgia, United States. The population was 1,703 at the 2010 Census[4] and an estimated 2,221 in 2018.[5] The city is the county seat of Long County.[6] It is a part of the Hinesville-Fort Stewart metropolitan area.

Within the city, the Long County Courthouse and Ludowici Well Pavilion are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

History

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Founding

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The city's origins dated to the 1840s when the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad established a stop referred to as "Four and a Half". The station was constructed across from the house of a landowner named Allen Johnston, leading people to call the surrounding settlement Johnston Station by the time of Johnston's death in 1859.[7][8] In 1898 there was an effort to rename the area Liberty City to help distinguish it from other places with 'Johnston' in their names.[9] In following years both names were used interchangeably.[10]

In 1900 the settlement's population was about 300 and featured telegraph, post, and express offices.[11] Racial tensions were a source of conflict, with at least two white and three black citizens reported to have been killed during a riot that summer.[12] In the fall of 1900 an African American, H. F. McKay, was elected to the Georgia State Senate to represent Ludowici as part of what was then Liberty County, Georgia.

Ludowici Roofing Tile

[edit]
The Ludowici Well Pavilion, roofed using Ludowici clay tiles

In 1902, H.B. Skeele of the Ludowici Roofing Tile Company traveled to Savannah and announced that his company planned to open a roof tile factory in Liberty City the following spring. At the time the company operated a factory in Chicago Heights, Illinois, and Skeele said he was drawn to start their second location in Georgia due to the warmer climate, large clay deposits, and the presence of black workers who could be paid less than the white employees who the company hired further north.[13][14]

When the community was raising money to cover the cost of constructing a high school in 1905, the Ludowici company made a generous donation of funds and roofing material. Later that year the city, which had previously been an unincorporated community, was incorporated as Ludowici, Georgia, in the company's honor.[15]

The Ludowici tile factory covered more than 1,100 acres (450 ha) and employed around 100 workers.[16] The roof tiles produced at this plant were stamped "Ludowici - Dixie" and for many years it was said that "red roofing tile covers every dwelling, barn and chicken coop in Long County."[7][17]

Tiles produced at this factory were used for thousands of projects throughout the American southeast and abroad. Starting in 1906 the factory began to produce a large quantity of material to be used on American government buildings in the Panama Canal Zone. After those orders were completed in 1913 the company opted to close the Georgia factory due to lack of sufficient local orders. The company, then known as the Ludowici-Celadon Company, shifted operations to their remaining plants.[18] It remains in operation in New Lexington, Ohio, to this day.

In the following decades many of Ludowici's tiled roofs were replaced or traded away.[17] Ludowici gradually reverted to a rural, agricultural economy.[7]

Speed trap designation

[edit]

Before interstate highways were constructed, all motorists traveled on regular U.S. highways. Ludowici was at the crossroads of three U.S. highways, Routes 25, 82 and 301. Many vacationers on their way to Florida passed through Ludowici.

The city gained notoriety during the 1950s and 1960s for its aggressive traffic enforcement policies.[19] The AAA went so far as to specifically label Ludowici as a speed trap.[20][21] Members of the local police force were allegedly engaging in manipulation of the timing of the traffic signal downtown, so as to catch unsuspecting out-of-area motorists "running" a suddenly changed red light. The switch for the stop light was located in the barber shop. The traffic light was at an intersection that was bypassed by a shortcut (Main Street – see a local map) so that local residents would not even come to the light when making the turn at the light. Thus, all the tickets went to nonresidents without the police having to be selective since no locals would be at the light. A song was also written about the town.[22]

Governor Lester Maddox posted billboards warning tourists to avoid the town because ticket-related corruption was so bad.[23] Word of mouth and media exposure caused many motorists to detour around Ludowici. A 1970 TIME article said that Ludowici was "one of the last remaining speed traps in the country."[14]

Reason reported that it wasn't the activity of Governor Maddox that ultimately ended the speed trap activities of the town, but rather that, "In the end, Ludowici was brought down not by Maddox, but by Interstate 95. Tourists no longer had to run a gauntlet of cops and flim-flam men to reach Florida's sunnier climes, and the town faded into well-deserved obscurity."[24]

Geography

[edit]

Ludowici, in southeast Georgia,[14] is located 30 miles (48 km) from the Atlantic coast. Nearby communities include Jesup 11 miles (18 km) to the southwest via US Routes 301, 84, and 25; Darien 32 miles (51 km) to the southeast via State Route 57; Hinesville/Fort Stewart 15 miles (24 km) to the northeast via US 84; and Glennville 21 miles (34 km) to the northwest via US 301 and 25.[25]

According to the United States Census Bureau, Ludowici has a total area of 2.4 square miles (6.1 km2), of which 0.01 square miles (0.03 km2), or 0.54%, are water.[26] The city drains west to Jones Creek and east to Doctors Creek, both tributaries of the Altamaha River.

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1910541—
1920515−4.8%
193061519.4%
194086640.8%
19501,33253.8%
19601,57818.5%
19701,419−10.1%
19801,286−9.4%
19901,2910.4%
20001,44011.5%
20101,70318.3%
20201,590−6.6%
2023 (est.)1,846[27]16.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[28]
Ludowici racial composition as of 2020[29]
Race Num. Perc.
White (non-Hispanic) 918 57.74%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic) 495 31.13%
Asian 4 0.25%
Pacific Islander 1 0.06%
Other/Mixed 92 5.79%
Hispanic or Latino 80 5.03%

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 1,590 people, 763 households, and 573 families residing in the city.

Education

[edit]
Long County Board of Education building

Long County School District

[edit]

The Long County School District, which covers the municipality,[30] holds pre-school to grade twelve, and consists of two elementary schools, a middle school, and a high school.[31] The district has 119 full-time teachers and over 3,285 students.[32]

Private education

[edit]
  • Faith Baptist Christian School[33]

Notable people

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 18, 2021.
  2. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  3. ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  4. ^ "Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Census Summary File 1 (DP-1), Ludowici city, Georgia". American FactFinder. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
  5. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 4, 2019.
  6. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  7. ^ a b c New Georgia Encyclopedia
  8. ^ "Died - Allen R. Johnston". Southern Recorder - Milledgeville. October 4, 1859.
  9. ^ "Liberty City". The Augusta Herald. Vol. 7. October 21, 1898.
  10. ^ Coxon, Helen Williams (November 14, 1968). "Seen and Heard Here and There". The Ludowici News. Vol. 57.
  11. ^ Candler, Allen Daniel; Evans, Clement Anselm (1906). "Georgia: Comprising Sketches of Counties, Towns, Events, Institutions, and Persons Arranged in Cyclopedic Form".
  12. ^ "The Trouble in Liberty". The Brunswick Times-Call. Vol. 11. August 18, 1900.
  13. ^ "A Roof Tile Plant". Savannah Morning News. October 9, 1902.
  14. ^ a b c "American Scene: Ludowici, Ga." TIME. Monday April 27, 1970. Retrieved on March 3, 2012.
  15. ^ Coxon, Helen Williams (May 21, 1970). "Seen and Heard Here and There". The Ludowici News. Vol. 59.
  16. ^ "A Leading Industry in Georgia". Rock Products. Vol. 5, no. 3. Francis Publishing Company. January 5, 1906.
  17. ^ a b Rossiter, Frank (April 10, 1953). "Morning News Has Story On Ludowici". The Ludowici News. Vol. 44, no. 15.
  18. ^ "Canal Tiles Kept Factory Up". The Montgomery Times. Vol. 11, no. 26. October 27, 1913.
  19. ^ "The Light That Never Fails". TIME Magazine. Time Inc. November 16, 1959.
  20. ^ Dubivsky, Barbara (June 21, 1964). "No More 'Speed Traps'—But". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 21, 2020.
  21. ^ "SPEED TRAP DENIED; Ludowici Mayor Says Town in Georgia Arrests Few". The New York Times. December 30, 1961. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 21, 2020.
  22. ^ Lester Goes to Ludowici
  23. ^ Miles, Jim (2006). Weird Georgia : your travel guide to Georgia's local legends and best kept secrets. New York, NY: Sterling Pub. Co., Inc. ISBN 1-4027-3388-7. OCLC 69850486.
  24. ^ CIARAMELLA, C.J. (May 8, 2022). "11 Insanely Corrupt Speed-Trap Towns". reason.com. Reason. Retrieved May 10, 2022.
  25. ^ "Ludowici, Georgia". Google Maps. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
  26. ^ "U.S. Gazetteer Files: 2019: Places: Georgia". U.S. Census Bureau Geography Division. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
  27. ^ "City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2023". United States Census Bureau. May 16, 2024. Retrieved May 16, 2024.
  28. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  29. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved December 14, 2021.
  30. ^ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Long County, GA" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved January 4, 2025. - text list
  31. ^ Georgia Board of Education[permanent dead link], Retrieved June 23, 2010.
  32. ^ School Stats, Retrieved June 23, 2010.
  33. ^ Faith Baptist Christian Academy, Retrieved June 23, 2010.
  34. ^ Sugiura, Ken (April 27, 2022). "Georgia Tech's Juanyeh Thomas, Tariq Carpenter closing in on NFL dreams". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved November 3, 2024.
  35. ^ Singer, Trent (July 6, 2017). "Former Southeast Missouri State men's basketball star Antonius Cleveland reflects on journey heading into NBA Summer League". SEMOBall. Retrieved February 18, 2023.
  36. ^ Jhabvala, Nicki (April 9, 2021). "Jamin Davis began last season off the NFL's radar. In a few weeks, he could be a first-round pick". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 30, 2021.
  37. ^ "J.J. Frazier defies his height". The Red & Black. March 2, 2017. Retrieved May 2, 2020.
  38. ^ Lewis, Jaden (March 7, 2023). "D'Moi Hodge and Mabor Majak: Inside the life and journey of an international player". Columbia Missourian. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  39. ^ "1st Round of the 2000 MLB June Amateur Draft". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 19, 2021.
  40. ^ Dellenger, Ross (April 1, 2016). "LSU offensive lineman and native Nigerian Chidi Okeke flourishing despite little experience with football". The Advocate.
  41. ^ Calloway, Brian (June 20, 2018). "Bahamas native Chavez Young an all-star talent for Lansing Lugnuts". lansingstatejournal.com. Retrieved March 8, 2019.