List of paintings by Hieronymus Bosch

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Bosch's signature from the triptych Adoration of the Magi. Only a few of the surviving paintings by him are signed.

Paintings by Hieronymus Bosch, as well as paintings attributed to him or his school, have been compiled by various organizations. An investigation undertaken by The Bosch Research and Conservation Project of a multitude of Bosch's paintings included dendrochronological research and made an approximate dating of the paintings possible.[1] The findings of this investigation were published in a book in 2016.[2] The book describes the other findings of the investigation as well, such as painting technique, layer structure and pigment analyses.[3]

Bosch's works are generally organized into three periods of his life dealing with the early works (c. 1470–1485), the middle period (c. 1485–1500), and the late period (c. 1500 until his death). According to Stefan Fischer, thirteen of Bosch's surviving paintings were completed in the late period, with seven surviving paintings attributed to his middle period.[4] Bosch's early period is studied in terms of his workshop activity and possibly some of his drawings. There are no surviving paintings attributed before 1485.

Triptychs

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Image Title Year Technique Dimensions Location Details
Adoration of the Magi Adoration of the Magi c. 1491–1498 Oil on wood 138 × 144 cm Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain
Outside of Adoration of the Magi Saint Gregory's Mass c. 1491–1498 Oil on wood 138 × 144 cm Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain The outer panels of 'Adoration of the Magi' form a single image, Saint Gregory's Mass, rendered in grisaille.
The Garden of Earthly Delights The Garden of Earthly Delights c. 1495–1505 Oil on wood 220 × 389 cm Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain  
Outside panels of The Garden of Earthly Delights The Creation of the World c. 1495–1505 Oil on wood 220 × 389 cm Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain The outer panels of the Garden of Earthly Delights form a single image, The Creation of the World, rendered in grisaille
Hermit Saints Triptych Hermit Saints Triptych c. 1495–1505 Oil on wood 86 × 100 cm Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice
The Last Judgment The Last Judgment c. 1495–1505 Oil on wood 99.5 × 117.5 cm Groeningemuseum, Bruges, Belgium Attributed to Bosch and/or his workshop. The outer panels form a single image, Christ Crowned with Thorns.
Outside panels of The Last Judgment Outside panels of "The Last Judgment" c. 1495–1505 Oil on wood 99.5 × 117.5 cm Groeningemuseum, Bruges, Belgium The outer panels form a single image, Christ Crowned with Thorns
The Martyrdom of St. Julia The Martyrdom of St. Julia c. 1495–1505 Oil on wood 104 × 119 cm Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice, Italy
X-rays of The Martyrdom of St. Julia The Martyrdom of St. Julia c. 1495–1505 Oil on wood 104 × 119 cm Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice, Italy X-rays of The Martyrdom of St. Julia showing the painting originally depicted donors on the left and right
The Temptation of St. Anthony The Temptation of St. Anthony (left, central and right panels) c. 1500–1510 Oil on wood 131.5 × 225 cm Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga, Lisbon, Portugal
Outside panels of The Temptation of St. Anthony The Temptation of St. Anthony (Reverse side of the outer panels) c. 1500–1510 Oil on wood 131.5 × 225 cm Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga, Lisbon, Portugal The outer panels show two images: The Arrest of Christ and Christ Bearing the Cross, both rendered in grisaille.
The Last Judgment The Last Judgment c. 1500–1505 Oil on wood 163.7 × 127 cm (central panel)

167.7 × 60 cm (left wing)

167 × 60 cm (right wing)

Academy of Fine Arts Vienna, Austria The outer panels show two images: Saint James the Greater and Saint Bavo, both rendered in grisaille.
Outside panels of The Last Judgment c. 1500–1505 Oil on wood 167.7 × 60 cm (left wing)

167 × 60 cm (right wing)

Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna, Austria The outer panels show two images: Saint James the Greater and Saint Bavo, both rendered in grisaille.
The Haywain (Prado version) The Haywain 1510–1516 Oil on wood 147 × 232 cm (Escorial version)

135 x 190 cm (Prado version)

El Escorial, Spain (version 1)

Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain (version 2)

The outer panels form a single image, usually referred to as The Path of Life.
Outside panels of "The Haywain Triptych" 1510–1516 Oil on wood 135 x 190 cm (Prado version) Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain (version 2) The outer panels form a single image, usually referred to as The Path of Life aka The Pedlar.
Passion Triptych Passion Triptych c. 1530 Oil on panel 163 × 382 cm Museu de Belles Arts de València, Valencia, Spain Commissioned by Mencía de Mendoza (1508–1554) for her burial chapel (the Chapel of the Epiphany) in the convent of Santo Domingo, Valencia. Probably not a work by Bosch, but by a Flemish follower.
 

Diptychs and polyptychs

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Image Title Year Technique Dimensions Location Details
The Fall of the Rebel Angels (back: Mankind Beset by Devils)The Fall of the Rebel Angels (front)Noah's Ark on Mount Ararat (front)Noah's Ark on Mount Ararat (back: Mankind Beset by Devils) Diptych (Hell and the Flood [nl])
  • Mankind Beset by Devils (Panel at left Outside of The Fall of the Rebel Angels)
  • The Fall of the Rebel Angels
  • Noah's Ark on Mount Ararat
  • Mankind Beset by Devils (Panel at right outside of Noah's Ark on Mount Ararat)
 c. 1514 Oil on wood 69.5 × 35 cm (each panel)

34.5 cm (diameter of paintings on the reverse sides)

Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Polyptych (Visions of the Hereafter) c. 1505–15 Oil on wood 86.5 × 39.5 cm (each) Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice, Italy Also known as Cardinal Grimani's Altarpiece. Probably part of a larger altarpiece (four more paintings), now considered lost.

Single panels and fragments of lost altarpieces

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The life of Christ

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Image Title Year Technique Dimensions Location Details
Adoration of the Child Adoration of the Child c. 1560 Oil on wood 66 × 43 cm Wallraf-Richartz Museum, Cologne, Germany Bosch's authorship is disputed; possibly a copy after a lost Bosch original. Another, wider version of the same painting is kept in Noordbrabants Museum, 's-Hertogenbosch (on loan from the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam), and yet another is in the Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium in Brussels.
Adoration of the Child Oil on wood Noordbrabants Museum, 's-Hertogenbosch (on loan from the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam), Wider copy
Adoration of the Magi c. 1470–1480 Oil on wood 71.1 × 56.5 cm Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA Described by Friedländer as ‘an especially early work by the master’; later deemed a 16th-century pastiche; more recently thought to be a work dating back to the 1470s from Bosch's immediate circle[5]
Philadelphia Adoration of the Magi Adoration of the Magi c. 1499 Oil on wood 94 × 74 cm Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, USA Attributed to Bosch's workshop
Adoration of the Magi c. 1515 Oil on panel 100.5 x 73.5 cm National Trust, Petworth House, United Kingdom Attributed to Bosch, this panel is a high quality variant of the central panel of the Museo del Prado version (also visible under Triptychs).[6]
Crucifixion With a Donor Crucifixion with a Donor c. 1480–1485 Oil on wood 74.7 × 61 cm Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium
Christ Carrying the Cross (Vienna) [top panel]

Christ Child with a Walking Frame(Vienna) [bottom panel]

c. 1490–1510 Oil on wood 57 × 32 cm Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria The reverse side of the panel has another painting on it, Christ Child with a Walking Frame (diameter 28 cm).
Christ Carrying the Cross Christ Carrying the Cross (Ghent) c. 1530–1540 Oil on wood 74 × 81 cm Museum of Fine Arts, Ghent, Belgium Bosch's authorship is disputed.
Christ Carrying the Cross Christ Carrying the Cross (Escorial) c. 1495–1505 Oil on wood 150 × 94 cm El Escorial, Spain
Christ Crowned with Thorns Christ Crowned with Thorns (London) c. 1490–1500 Oil on wood 73 × 59 cm National Gallery, London, UK
Christ Crowned with Thorns Christ Crowned with Thorns (Escorial) c. 1530–1540 Oil on wood 165 × 195 cm El Escorial, Spain Painted neither by Bosch nor his workshop.
Ecce Homo Ecce Homo (Philadelphia) c. 1510 Oil on wood 52 × 54 cm Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, USA Previously attributed to Bosch; dendrochronological analysis proved it to be a late 16th-century work by a follower[7]
Ecce Homo Ecce Homo (Frankfurt) c. 1475–1485 Oil on wood 71 × 61 cm Städel Museum, Frankfurt, Germany
The Marriage Feast at Cana The Marriage Feast at Cana c. 1500 Oil on wood 93 × 72 cm Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam, Netherlands Several versions of this painting exist. However, none of these date from Bosch’s lifetime.
Descent of Christ into Limbo Descent of Christ into Limbo c. 1501-1525 Oil on panel Height: 100 cm (39.3 in); Width: 74 cm (29.1 in) Private collection
Christ Descent into Hell Christ descent into Hell c. 1550 Oil on panel 13.7 x 10.2 cm National Museum in Warsaw Bosch's authorship is disputed

Saints

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Image Title Year Technique Dimensions Location Details
St. John the Baptist in the Wilderness St. Jerome at Prayer c. 1485–1495 Oil on wood 77 × 59 cm Museum of Fine Arts, Ghent, Belgium
St. Christopher Carrying the Christ Child St. Christopher Carrying the Christ Child c. 1490–1500 Oil on wood 113 × 71.5 cm Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam, Netherlands
St. John the Baptist in the Wilderness St. John the Baptist in the Wilderness c. 1490–1495 Oil on wood 48.5 × 40 cm Museo Lázaro Galdiano, Madrid, Spain
St. John the Evangelist on Patmos St. John the Evangelist on Patmos c. 1490–1495 Oil on wood 63 × 43.3 cm Gemäldegalerie, Berlin, Germany The reverse side of the panel has a round double painting (diameter 39 cm) on it: Scenes from the Passion of Christ (outer circle) and The Pelican with Her Young (inner circle).
Outside panel of St. John the Evangelist on Patmos c. 1490–1495 Oil on wood diameter 39 cm. Gemäldegalerie, Berlin, Germany The reverse side of the panel has a round double painting (diameter 39 cm) on it: Scenes from the Passion of Christ (outer circle) and The Pelican with Her Young (inner circle).
The Temptation of St. Anthony The Temptation of St. Anthony c. 1500–1510 Oil on wood 38.6 x 25.1 cm Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, MO, USA There was a dispute as to whether this work was a Bosch autograph or a piece by the workshop until the Bosch Research and Conservation Project concluded it to be autograph based on evidence present in the underdrawing.[8]
The Temptation of St. Anthony The Temptation of St. Anthony c. 1530–1540 Oil on wood 70 × 51 cm Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain Bosch's authorship is disputed.

Other works

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Image Title Year Technique Dimensions Location Details
Terrestrial Paradise [left panel]

Death of the Reprobate [Right panel]

c. 1500 (1490–1510) Oil on wood Left panel:

34.5 cm (13.5 in) x 21 cm (8.2 in).

Right panel: 34.6 × 21.2 cm

Private collection, New York, USA "Paradise" and "Reprobate" are the left and right wings of a missing Last Judgement triptych
Ship of Fools Ship of Fools c. 1500–1510 Oil on wood 58 × 33 cm Louvre, Paris, France Fragment of a lost triptych which also included Allegory of Gluttony and Lust (which is the lower part of the Ship of Fools wing) and Death and the Miser (the other outer wing).
Allegory of Gluttony and Lust Allegory of Gluttony and Lust c. 1500–1510 Oil on wood 35.8 × 32 cm Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, USA Fragment of a lost triptych which also included Ship of Fools (the Allegory would be the lower part of that outer wing) and Death and the Miser (the other outer wing).
Death and the Miser Death and the Miser c. 1500–1510 Oil on wood 92.6 × 30.8 cm National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., USA Outer wing of a lost triptych. The other outer wing comprised Ship of Fools (top) and Allegory of Gluttony and Lust (bottom).
The Ship of Fools/Death and the Miser triptych c. 1500–1515 Oil on wood A reconstruction of the left and right wings of the triptych: at upper left The Ship of Fools; at lower left: Allegory of Gluttony and Lust. Panel at right is Death and the Miser. At bottom the outer panel The Wayfarer.
The Wayfarer The Wayfarer c. 1500–1510 Oil on wood 71.5 cm (diameter) Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam, Netherlands This is the outer panel of a lost triptych, possibly from the Ship of Fools triptych
Cutting the Stone Cutting the Stone c. 1500–1520 Oil on wood 48 × 35 cm Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain Also known as The Cure of Folly.
The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things c. 1510–1520 Oil on wood 120 × 150 cm Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain Bosch's authorship is disputed.
The Last Judgment (fragment) The Last Judgment (fragment) c. 1530–1540 Oil on wood 60 × 114 cm Alte Pinakothek, Munich, Germany Fragment of a lost triptych. Bosch's authorship is disputed.
The Conjurer The Conjurer c. 1530–1540 Oil on wood 53 × 65 cm Musée Municipal, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France Bosch's authorship is disputed.
Head of a Halberdier Head of a Halberdier c. 1490–1500 Oil on wood 28 × 20 cm Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain Fragment of a Christ Crowned with Thorns by a follower of Bosch.
Head of a Woman Head of a Woman c. 1500 Oil on wood 13 × 5 cm Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam, Netherlands Fragment. Bosch's authorship is disputed.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "BOSCH". boschproject.org.
  2. ^ Luuk Hoogstede, Ron Spronk, Robert G. Erdmann, Rik Klein Gotink, Matthijs Ilsink, Jos Koldeweij, Hanneke Nap, and Daan Veldhuizen, Hieronymus Bosch, Painter and Draughtsman – Technical Studies, Yale University Press, New Haven, 2016.
  3. ^ "Pigments in paintings". ColourLex.
  4. ^ Stefan Fischer. Bosch: The Complete Works.
  5. ^ See: Gallery Label Metropolitan Museum of Art Collection Database
  6. ^ "The Adoration of the Magi". National Trust Collections. National Trust. Retrieved 24 July 2025.
  7. ^ Jan Piet Filedt Kok (2001). "Hieronymus Bosch. Rotterdam". The Burlington Magazine. 143 (1184): 713–715.
  8. ^ "Authentication of Hieronymus Bosch Panel at Nelson-Atkins Called Significant". February 2016.

Further reading

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  • Matthijs Ilsink, Jos Koldeweij, Ron Spronk, Luuk Hoogstede, Robert G. Erdmann, Rik Klein Gotink, Hanneke Nap, and Daan Veldhuizen. Hieronymus Bosch: Painter and Draughtsman – Catalogue raisonné, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 2016.
  • Luuk Hoogstede, Ron Spronk, Robert G. Erdmann, Rik Klein Gotink, Matthijs Ilsink, Jos Koldeweij, Hanneke Nap, and Daan Veldhuizen, Hieronymus Bosch, Painter and Draughtsman – Technical Studies, Yale University Press, New Haven, 2016.
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