List of Scheduled Tribes in West Bengal

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Scheduled Tribes (also known as "tribals" or "adibasi/adivasi") are specific indigenous peoples whose status is acknowledged to some formal degree by national legislation. Scheduled tribes of the Indian state of West Bengal, as recognized by the Constitution of the Indian Republic; a total of 40 distinct tribes. Among those 40 tribes 3 tribes are "Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups" (PTGs).[1][2]

Overview

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As per 2001 census scheduled tribes numbering 4,406,794 persons constituted 5.5 per cent of the total population of the state. Santals constitute more than half (51.8 per cent) of the total ST population of the state. Oraons (14 per cent), Mundas (7.8 per cent), Bhumij (7.6 per cent) and Kora (3.2 per cent) are the other major STs having sizeable population. Along with Santal, they constitute nearly 85 per cent of the state's total ST population. The Lodhas, Mahalis, Bhutias, Bedias, and Savars are the remaining STs, and having population of one per cent or more as per 2001 census report.[3]

District wise Scheduled Tribes demographic map of West Bengal

More than half of the total ST population of the state is concentrated in Medinipur, Jalpaiguri, Purulia, and Bardhaman districts. Of the remaining districts, Bankura, Malda, Uttar Dinajpur, and Dakshin Dinajpur have sizable ST population.[3]

List of tribes

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As per the Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950, the following were listed as scheduled tribes in West Bengal.[4]

  1. Asur
  2. Baiga
  3. Badia, Bediya
  4. Bhumij
  5. Bhutia, Sherpa, Toto, Dukpa, Kagatay, Tibetan, Yolmo
  6. Birhor
  7. Birjia
  8. Chakma
  9. Chero
  10. Chik Baraik
  11. Garo
  12. Gond
  13. Gorait
  14. Hajang
  15. Ho
  16. Karmali
  17. Kharwar
  18. Khond
  19. Kisan
  20. Kora
  21. Korwa
  22. Lepcha
  23. Limbu(Subba)
  24. Lodha, Kheria, Kharia
  25. Lohara, Lohra
  26. Magh
  27. Mahali
  28. Mahli
  29. Mal Pahariya
  30. Mech
  31. Mru
  32. Munda
  33. Nagesia
  34. Oraon
  35. Parhaiya
  36. Rabha
  37. Santal
  38. Sauria paharia
  39. Subba/Limbu
  40. Tamang

Demographics

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Scheduled Tribe Historical Population Demographics based on latest census
Latest Population
(2011) 		Sex ratio Literacy (%) Main worker Marginal worker
1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 Total Male Female
Asur — 611 4,286 3,864 4,050 4,864 1,024 45.1 55.2 35 73 27
Baiga 4 — 1,606 7,624 11,681 13,423 984 61.4 72.8 50 51.9 48.1
Bedia, Bediya 1,191 3,339 29,396 44,875 55,979 88,772 973 63.5 72.5 54.2 61.2 38.8
Bhumij 91,289 169,426 233,906 291,808 336,436 376,296 980 59.5 70.7 48.1 49.8 50.2
Bhutia, Sherpa, Toto, Ukpa, Kagatay, Tibetan, Yolmo 23,595 33,912 40,192 48,196 60,091 66,627 1,002 81.1 86.7 75.5 73.7 26.3
Birhor 100 — 658 855 1,017 2,241 906 58.2 69.3 46.1 63.9 36.1
Birjia — 16 913 1,238 1,654 1,123 960 48.4 60 36.2 64.3 35.7
Chakma 1,379 2,927 141 320 642 466 966 76.8 83.8 69.5 84.4 15.6
Chero 559 175 1,648 2,283 1,968 5,477 1,034 62.7 73.2 52.5 75.6 24.4
Chik Baraik — 1,627 12,624 16,030 17,824 21,376 1,014 62.6 74 51.2 72.4 27.6
Garo 2,535 2,627 3,206 3,673 1,915 2,039 1,045 77.8 81.8 73.9 64.5 35.5
Gond 735 46 4,923 5,966 9,826 13,535 900 74.8 82.9 65.9 77.8 22.2
Gorait 425 481 2,191 3,024 1,436 2,498 990 32 41.2 22.6 51.2 48.8
Hajong 426 244 1,081 1,527 597 621 882 74.4 85.3 61.9 82.8 17.2
Ho 1,075 1,036 3,202 11,640 15,540 23,483 992 54.3 65.2 43.2 57.4 42.6
Karmali 1,023 94 1,418 7,101 1,317 2,466 974 67.9 79.6 55.9 63.8 36.2
Kharwar 1,142 134 11,726 20,514 17,625 20,270 942 64.5 73.8 54.7 65.2 34.8
Khond 41 — 639 829 226 660 953 59.I 67.2 50.7 85.3 14.7
Kisan 3 716 5,370 5,827 4,788 98,434 934 53.4 62.4 43.9 58.8 41.2
Kora 62,029 93,586 96,835 113,564 142,789 159,404 1,000 56.5 68 45.1 54.8 45.2
Korwa 2,891 3,222 2,493 4,948 5,371 2,912 1,012 53.9 62.8 45.3 74.3 25.7
Lepcha 15,309 14,568 23,408 27,888 32,377 33,962 981 82.4 86.8 77.9 59.5 40.5
Lodha, Kharia, Kharia 40,898 45,906 53,718 68,095 84,966 108,707 988 45.5 54.6 36.2 55.2 44.8
Lohara, Lohra 3,031 2,388 23,799 29,750 20,683 24,783 997 55.3 65.4 45.2 68.5 31.5
Magh 790 3,257 1,020 4,332 8,214 8,032 989 88.3 91.6 85.1 87.8 12.2
Mahali 28,233 47,247 50,288 69,542 76,102 81,594 1,003 55 66.3 43.6 63.5 36.5
Mahli 5,075 998 10,827 19,075 1,831 2,609 963 50.7 59.8 41.3 53.9 46.1
Mal Pahariya 15,706 31,018 17,020 34,302 37,440 44,538 992 42.8 49 36.5 74.1 25.9
Mech 13,915 10,862 26,959 29,904 35,996 41,242 978 74.2 80.8 67.6 67.5 32.5
Mru 1,477 836 1,231 1,546 271 197 1,074 61.7 70.2 53 62.5 37.5
Munda 160,245 198,701 230,016 289,091 341,542 366,386 990 57.7 67.1 48.3 62.8 37.2
Nagesia 4,875 2,516 42,521 10,069 8,373 16,378 987 61.8 70.1 53.5 72.8 27.2
Oraon 297,394 291,173 437,574 536,919 617,138 643,510 993 59 68.1 49.9 69.2 30.8
Pahariya 487 108 3,745 7,889 688 921 1,042 38.2 42.3 34.1 70.2 29.8
Rabha 6,053 2,466 11,256 15,204 15,014 27,820 952 61.3 68.4 53.8 65.7 34.3
Santal 1,200,091 1,376,980 1,666,610 1,997,222 2,280,540 2,512,331 1,012 54.7 66.1 43.5 53.5 46.5
Sauria Paharia 28 158 4,253 4,590 2,332 3,480 1,029 44 49.2 38.9 78.1 21.9
Savar 2,181 4,986 37,247 46,216 43,599 40,374 1,012 40.6 49.9 31.5 45.6 54.4
Limbu (Subba) — — — — — 46,847 1,011 81.2 87.8 74.7 64.6 35.4
Tamang — — — — — 146,203 1,014 80.4 87.7 73.3 72.5 27.5
Total Scheduled Tribe 2,054,081[a] 2,532,969[a] 3,070,668[a] 3,808,760[a] 4,406,794[a] 5,296,953[a] 999 57.9 68.2 47.7 57.9 42.1
  1. ^ a b c d e f Including ambiguous generic Scheduled Tribes entry.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Tribal Development Department, Government of West Bengal". adibasikalyan.gov.in. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
  2. ^ "Tribal Development Department, Government of West Bengal". www.adibasikalyan.gov.in. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
  3. ^ a b "West Bengal: Data Highlights the Scheduled Tribes" (PDF). Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Retrieved 2 October 2009.
  4. ^ "Scheduled Tribes List" (PDF). tribal.nic.in.