Liberal Democratic Party–Komeito coalition
Liberal Democratic Party–Komeito coalition 自公連立政権 Jikō Renritsu Seiken | |
|---|---|
| First leaders | Keizō Obuchi (LDP) Takenori Kanzaki (Komeito) |
| Last leaders | Sanae Takaichi (LDP) Tetsuo Saito (Komeito) |
| Founded | 5 October 1999 |
| Dissolved | 10 October 2025 |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Big tent[A] |
| Alliance parties | |
^ A: Komeito is a centrist party, but the right-wing LDP held a much larger number of seats. | |
The Liberal Democratic Party–Komeito coalition was an alliance in Japan between the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and Komeito. A coalition government between the parties has been established twice: the first from 5 October 1999 to 16 September 2009, and the second from 26 December 2012 to 10 October 2025, when Komeito announced their exit from the coalition.[1]
History
[edit]The two parties formed a coalition in October 1999.[2]
The coalition was roundly defeated and lost power in the 2009 general election. In the general election on 16 December 2012, the LDP/Komeito coalition secured a supermajority and came back into government.[3][4]
In the 2024 general election, the LDP-Komeito coalition lost its majority for the first time since 2009. Although the LDP still remained the largest party, the coalition fell short of the 233 seats needed for a majority, securing only 215 and they formed the minority government.[5][6][7]
On 10 October 2025, Komeito chief representative Tetsuo Saito announced that it would leave the ruling coalition, over disagreements with new LDP president Sanae Takaichi.[8]
Electoral results
[edit]House of Representatives
[edit]| Election | Leaders | Seats | Constituency | PR Block | Position | Status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDP | Komeito | Number | +/- | Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
| 2000 | Yoshiro Mori | Takenori Kanzaki | 264 / 480
|
New | 26,177,560 | 42.99 | 24,705,457 | 41.28 | 1st | Majority |
| 2003 | Junichiro Koizumi | 271 / 480
|
 7
|
26,975,834 | 45.34 | 29,393,629 | 49.74 |  1st
|
Majority | |
| 2005 | 327 / 480
|
56
|
33,499,495 | 49.21 | 34,875,418 | 51.43 | 1st
|
Majority | ||
| 2009 | Tarō Asō | Akihiro Ota | 140 / 480
|
 187
|
28,084,966 | 37.57 | 26,864,224 | 38.18 | 2nd
|
Opposition |
| 2012 | Shinzo Abe | Natsuo Yamaguchi | 325 / 480
|
185
|
26,529,190 | 44.5 | 23,740,931 | 39.69 | 1st
|
Majority |
| 2014 | 326 / 475
|
1
|
26,226,839 | 49.55 | 24,973,152 | 46.82 | 1st
|
Majority | ||
| 2017 | 313 / 465
|
13
|
27,333,230 | 49.32 | 25,533,429 | 45.79 | 1st
|
Majority | ||
| 2021 | Fumio Kishida | 291 / 465
|
22
|
28,499,166 | 49.6 | 27,029,165 | 47.04 | 1st
|
Majority | |
| 2024 | Shigeru Ishiba | Keiichi Ishii | 215 / 465
|
76
|
21,598,163 | 39.81 | 20,547,105 | 37.66 | 1st
|
Minority |
House of Councillors
[edit]| Election | Leaders | Seats | Constituency | PR Block | Position | Status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDP | Komeito | Total | Contested | Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
| 2001 | Junichiro Koizumi | Takenori Kanzaki | 134 / 247
|
77 / 121
|
25,768,489 | 47.42 | 29,302,531 | 53.53 | 1st | Majority |
| 2004 | 139 / 242
|
60 / 121
|
21,849,718 | 38.93 | 25,418,951 | 45.44 | 1st
|
Majority | ||
| 2007 | Shinzo Abe | Akihiro Ota | 103 / 242
|
46 / 121
|
22,140,865 | 37.31 | 24,310,000 | 41.26 | 2nd
|
Minority (until 2009) |
| Opposition (since 2009) | ||||||||||
| 2010 | Sadakazu Tanigaki | Natsuo Yamaguchi | 103 / 242
|
60 / 121
|
21,761,901 | 37.26 | 21,711,103 | 37.14 | 2nd
|
Opposition (until 2012) |
| Minority (since 2012) | ||||||||||
| 2013 | Shinzo Abe | 135 / 242
|
76 / 121
|
25,405,639 | 47.87 | 26,028,417 | 48.9 | 1st
|
Majority | |
| 2016 | 146 / 242
|
70 / 121
|
26,854,215 | 47.48 | 27,687,748 | 49.43 | 1st
|
Majority | ||
| 2019 | 141 / 245
|
71 / 124
|
23,943,689 | 47.54 | 24,248,709 | 48.42 | 1st
|
Majority | ||
| 2022 | Fumio Kishida | 146 / 248
|
76 / 125
|
24,203,788 | 45.51 | 24,437,677 | 46.09 | 1st
|
Majority | |
| 2025 | Shigeru Ishiba | Tetsuo Saito | 122 / 248
|
47 / 125
|
17,645,807 | 29.83 | 18,018,876 | 30.44 | 1st
|
Minority |
References
[edit]- ^ "Japan's Komeito to leave ruling coalition with LDP under Takaichi, NHK reports". Reuters. Retrieved 2025-10-10.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Critics: 'Pacifist' Komeito lost its way as member of the coalition | The Asahi Shimbun: Breaking News, Japan News and Analysis". The Asahi Shimbun. Archived from the original on 2024-01-20. Retrieved 2025-07-14.
- ^ Nagano, Yuriko; Demick, Barbara (16 December 2012). "Japan conservatives win landslide election victory". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 16 December 2012.
- ^ "Japan election: LDP's Shinzo Abe vows tough China line". BBC. 16 December 2012. Retrieved 16 December 2012.
- ^ "Japan's ruling bloc loses lower house majority, a red flag for PM". Kyodo News. 2024-10-28. Archived from the original on 27 October 2024.
- ^ "Japan's ruling coalition loses majority, election outcome in balance". Reuters. 2024-10-26. Archived from the original on 13 November 2024.
- ^ "Japan's ruling party loses its majority in blow to new PM". BBC News. 2024-10-27. Archived from the original on 27 October 2024.
- ^ https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/japans-komeito-leave-ruling-coalition-with-ldp-under-takaichi-nhk-reports-2025-10-10/