Kenneth L Shepard

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Kenneth L. Shepard
Alma materPrinceton University
Stanford University
Known forelectrical engineering, biomedical engineering, nanobiotechnology
Scientific career
FieldsElectrical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Nanotechnology
InstitutionsColumbia University

Kenneth L Shepard is an American electrical engineer, nanoscientist, entrepreneur, and the Lau Family Professor of Electrical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering at the Columbia School of Engineering and Applied Science (Columbia).[1] He has a joint appointment as Professor of Neurological Sciences (in Neurological Surgery).[2]

He received the B. S. E. degree from Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, in 1987. He was named valedictorian of his graduating class and also received the Phi Beta Kappa prize for the highest academic standing.[3] After graduating from Princeton, he went on to attend Stanford University, Stanford, Ca. where he earned the M. S. and Ph. D. degrees in electrical engineering (with a minor in physics), in 1988 and 1992, respectively. His studies were funded by a fellowship from the Fannie and John Hertz Foundation.[4] His Ph. D. research was also funded by a special "Creativity in Engineering" grant from the National Science Foundation,[5] focused on the physics of nanoscale devices. He was awarded the Hertz Foundation doctoral thesis prize in 1992, given each year to the best Ph. D. thesis from among Hertz Fellows.[6] After receiving his Ph.D., Dr. Shepard joined the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, NY, where he became a Research Staff Member in the VLSI Design Department. At IBM, he was responsible for the design methodology for IBM's first high-performance CMOS microprocessors for the S/390 mainframe, the G4.[7] This design methodology became the basis for subsequent microprocessor designs at IBM. He received IBM Research Division Awards in 1995 and 1997 for his contributions to the S/390 G4 project team.

Entrepreneurial activities

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In 1997, Dr. Shepard left IBM, joined Columbia University and simultaneously co-founded CadMOS Design Technology, an EDA start-up.[8] CadMOS pioneered PacifIC and CeltIC, the first tools for large-scale noise analysis of digital integrated circuits.[9] The success of PacifIC and CeltIC led Cadence to acquire CadMOS in 2001.[10]

In 2012, Dr. Shepard co-founded Ferric Semiconductor, a New York City, private venture-backed company that uses patented thin-film inductors to improve power conversion efficiency in integrated circuits.[11][12] He currently serves as the technical advisor and Chairman of Ferric. In 2014 Ferric was listed as one of the "Silicon 60" hot startups to watch by EE Times[13]

Contributions to science and engineering

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Single-molecule electronic methods for biomolecular analysis

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Dr. Shepard and his lab have done pioneering work in using electronic detection approaches to probe the properties of single-molecules at high bandwidth. This includes techniques employing nanopores, biological ion channels, and exposed-gate nanoscale transistors for detection.[14][15][16][17]

Other interfaces between CMOS integrated circuits and biological or biomolecular systems

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This includes pioneering work on electrochemical imaging[18] and fluorescence imagers,[19] including techniques for imaging redox-active compounds secreted by bacteria and filter-less approaches to fluorescent imaging using CMOS-integrated Geiger-mode single-photon avalanche photodiodes.[20] Other work has focused on interfacing in vitro lipid bilayers and neural tissue with CMOS integrated circuits.[21]

Professor Shepard and his students have done extensive work in the area of integrated power electronics, including techniques for the integration of magnetic core power inductors into a CMOS process. Dr. Shepard founded Ferric, Inc. in 2012 to commercialize the approach, which is now being brought to production manufacturing by TSMC, the world's largest semiconductor foundry.[22][23][24][25]

He and his graduate students did pioneering work in exploiting newly discovered 2D electronic materials, most notably graphene, in electronic devices. This included seminal papers on field-effect transistor operation in graphene,[26] on using boron nitride as a gate dielectric for graphene,[27] and on using graphene-based transistors for flexible electronics[28][29]

This included the invention of the static noise analysis technique for analyzing signal integrity in integrated circuits and techniques for parasitic extraction. The former work formed the basis for the start-up founded by Dr. Shepard in 1997, CadMOS Design Technology.[30] The latter work formed the basis for techniques currently employed in CAD tools from Cadence and Mentor.[31] He and his students also did pioneering work on the development of resonant clocking including the patent on the technique, which is widely used in industry.[32][33]

References

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  1. ^ "Kenneth L. Shepard Named Lau Family Professsor of Electrical Engineering | the Fu Foundation School of Engineering & Applied Science - Columbia University". Archived from the original on June 21, 2016. Retrieved July 4, 2016.
  2. ^ "Columbia Neurosurgery Celebrates Dr. Ken Shepard as a Jointly Appointed Professor with the School of Engineering and Applied Science". Columbia Neurosurgery in New York City. October 29, 2024. Retrieved November 7, 2024.
  3. ^ "Princeton Weekly Bulletin 22 June 1987 — Princeton Periodicals".
  4. ^ "Kenneth L. Shepard". hertzfoundation.org. Archived from the original on September 17, 2015.
  5. ^ "Princeton Weekly Bulletin 22 June 1987 — Princeton Periodicals".
  6. ^ "Thesis Prize Winners". hertzfoundation.org. Archived from the original on November 5, 2012.
  7. ^ Shepard, K.L.; Carey, S.; Beece, D.K.; Hatch, R.; Northrop, G. (1997). "Design methodology for the high-performance G4 S/390 microprocessor". Proceedings International Conference on Computer Design VLSI in Computers and Processors. pp. 232–240. doi:10.1109/ICCD.1997.628873. ISBN 0-8186-8206-X. S2CID 13009336.
  8. ^ "CadMOS Secures $5 Million in Second Round Funding; Andrew Yang Added to the Company's Board of Directors. - Free Online Library". Archived from the original on August 20, 2016. Retrieved July 4, 2016.
  9. ^ "Texas Instruments Successfully Performs Noise Immunity Validation of a DSP Design With CadMOS' PacifIC. - Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com. Archived from the original on August 20, 2016.
  10. ^ "Cadence Acquires Cadmos". EE Times. January 5, 2001. Retrieved March 3, 2024.
  11. ^ "Company". Archived from the original on August 6, 2016. Retrieved July 31, 2016.
  12. ^ Sturcken, Noah; Davies, Ryan; Wu, Hao; Lekas, Michael; Shepard, Kenneth; Cheng, K. W.; Chen, C. C.; Su, Y. S.; Tsai, C. Y.; Wu, K. D.; Wu, J. Y.; Wang, Y. C.; Liu, K. C.; Hsu, C. C.; Chang, C. L.; Hua, W. C.; Kalnitsky, Alex (2015). "Magnetic thin-film inductors for monolithic integration with CMOS". 2015 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM). pp. 11.4.1–11.4.4. doi:10.1109/IEDM.2015.7409676. ISBN 978-1-4673-9894-7. S2CID 18463194.
  13. ^ "EE Times Silicon 60: Hot Startups to Watch". July 15, 2014.
  14. ^ Sorgenfrei, S; Chiu, CY; Gonzalez, RL Jr; Yu, YJ; Kim, P; Nuckolls, C; Shepard, KL (February 2011). "Label-free single-molecule detection of DNA-hybridization kinetics with a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor". Nat Nanotechnol. 6 (2): 126–32. doi:10.1038/nnano.2010.275. PMC 3783941. PMID 21258331.
  15. ^ Sorgenfrei, S; Chiu, CY; Johnston, M; Nuckolls, C; Shepard, KL (September 2011). "Debye screening in single-molecule carbon nanotube field-effect sensors". Nano Lett. 11 (9): 3739–43. doi:10.1021/nl201781q. PMC 3735439. PMID 21806018.
  16. ^ Rosenstein, JK; Wanunu, M; Merchant, CA; Drndic, M; Shepard, KL (March 2012). "Integrated nanopore sensing platform with sub-microsecond temporal resolution". Nat Methods. 9 (5): 487–92. doi:10.1038/nmeth.1932. PMC 3648419. PMID 22426489.
  17. ^ Rosenstein, JK; Ramakrishnan, S; Roseman, J; Shepard, KL (June 2013). "Single ion channel recordings with CMOS-anchored lipid membranes". Nano Lett. 13 (6): 2682–6. doi:10.1021/nl400822r. PMC 3683112. PMID 23634707.
  18. ^ Levine, PM; Gong, P; Levicky, R; Shepard, KL (August 2008). "Active CMOS Sensor Array for Electrochemical Biomolecular Detection". IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. 43 (8): 8. doi:10.1109/JSSC.2008.925407.
  19. ^ Huang, TC; Sorgenfrei, S; Gong, P; Levicky, R; Shepard, KL (May 2009). "A 0.18-μm CMOS Array Sensor for Integrated Time-Resolved Fluorescence Detection". IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. 44 (5): 1644–1654. doi:10.1109/JSSC.2009.2016994. PMC 2860634. PMID 20436922.
  20. ^ Field RM, Realov S, Shepard KL. A 100-fps, Time-Correlated Single-PhotonCounting- Based Fluorescence-Lifetime Imager in 130-nm CMOS. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. 2014 January 02; 49(4).
  21. ^ Bellin, DL; Sakhtah, H; Rosenstein, JK; Levine, PM; Thimot, J; Emmett, K; Dietrich, LE; Shepard, KL (2014). "Integrated circuit-based electrochemical sensor for spatially resolved detection of redox-active metabolites in biofilms". Nat Commun. 5 3256. doi:10.1038/ncomms4256. PMC 3969851. PMID 24510163.
  22. ^ Sturcken, N; Petracca, M; Warren, S; Mantovani, P; Carloni, LP; Peterchev, AV; Shepard, KL (August 2012). "A Switched- Inductor Integrated Voltage Regulator With Nonlinear Feedback and Network-on- Chip Load in 45 nm SOI". IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. 47 (8): 8. doi:10.1109/JSSC.2012.2196316.
  23. ^ Sturcken, N; O'Sullivan, E; Wang, N; Herget, P; Webb, B; Romankiw, L; Petracca, M; Davies, R; Fontana, R; Decad, G; Kymissis, I; Peterchev, A; Carloni, L; Gallagher, W; Shepard, KL (January 2013). "A 2.5D Integrated Voltage Regulator Using Coupled-Magnetic- Core Inductors on Silicon Interposer". IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. 48: 1. doi:10.1109/JSSC.2012.2221237.
  24. ^ Davies, RP; Cheng, C; Sturcken, N; Bailey, WE; Shepard, KL (July 2013). "Coupled Inductors With Crossed Anisotropy CoZrTz/SiO2Multilayer Cores". IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 49: 7. doi:10.1109/TMAG.2013.2237892.
  25. ^ Tien K, Sturcken N, Wang N, Nah J, Dang B, O'Sullivan E, Andry P, Petracca M, Carloni L, Gallagher W, Shepard KL. An 82%-Efficient Multiphase Voltage-Regulator 3D Interposer with On-Chip Magnetic Inductors. VLSI Technology (VLSI Technology), 2015 Symposium on; 2015 June; Kyoto, Japan.
  26. ^ Meric, I; Han, MY; Young, AF; Ozyilmaz, B; Kim, P; Shepard, KL (November 2008). "Current saturation in zero-bandgap, top-gated graphene field-effect transistors". Nat Nanotechnol. 3 (11): 654–9. doi:10.1038/nnano.2008.268. PMID 18989330.
  27. ^ Dean, CR; Young, AF; Meric, I; Lee, C; Wang, L; Sorgenfrei, S; Watanabe, K; Taniguchi, T; Kim, P; Shepard, KL; Hone, J (October 2010). "Boron nitride substrates for high-quality graphene electronics". Nat Nanotechnol. 5 (10): 722–6. arXiv:1005.4917. doi:10.1038/nnano.2010.172. PMID 20729834.
  28. ^ Petrone, N; Meric, I; Hone, J; Shepard, KL (January 2013). "Graphene field-effect transistors with gigahertz-frequency power gain on flexible substrates". Nano Lett. 13 (1): 121–5. arXiv:1302.1421. doi:10.1021/nl303666m. PMID 23256606.
  29. ^ Wang, L; Meric, I; Huang, PY; Gao, Q; Gao, Y; Tran, H; Taniguchi, T; Watanabe, K; Campos, LM; Muller, DA; Guo, J; Kim, P; Hone, J; Shepard, KL; Dean, CR (November 2013). "One-dimensional electrical contact to a two-dimensional material". Science. 342 (6158): 614–7. doi:10.1126/science.1244358. PMID 24179223.
  30. ^ Shepard, K.L.; Narayanan, V.; Rose, R. (1999). "Harmony: Static noise analysis of deep submicron digital integrated circuits". IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems. 18 (8): 1132–1150. doi:10.1109/43.775633.
  31. ^ Shepard, K.L.; Zhong Tian (2000). "Return-limited inductances: A practical approach to on-chip inductance extraction". IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems. 19 (4): 425–436. doi:10.1109/43.838992.
  32. ^ Chan, S. C.; Shepard, K. L.; Restle, P. J. (2005). "Uniform-phase uniform-amplitude resonant-load global clock distributions". IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. 40 (1): 102–109. Bibcode:2005IJSSC..40..102C. doi:10.1109/JSSC.2004.838005. S2CID 16239014.
  33. ^ "Resonant clock distribution for very large scale integrated circuits".