Jinan Prefecture
| Jinan Prefecture 濟南府 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prefecture of Imperial China | |||||||||
| 1116–1913 | |||||||||
 Beiji Pavillion in the early 20th century | |||||||||
 Map of Jinan Fu with in Shandong Province in 1820 | |||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | 1116 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1913 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | Jinan, Tai'an, Yucheng, Qihe, and Linyi | ||||||||
Jinan Prefecture (濟南府) was a fu (prefecture) that existed in central Shandong from 1116 to 1913, its administrative center was in today's Licheng, Jinan.
History
[edit]In 1116, during Song dynasty, Qizhou was elevated to Jinan Prefecture, under the jurisdiction of Jingdong Eastern Circuit[1], poets like Xin Qiji and Li Qingzhao were born here. In later periods, Jinan Prefecture belonged to Shandong Eastern Circuit[2]. At the beginning of the Yuan dynasty, it was reorganized as Jinan Route (Jinan Lu). Near the end of the Yuan dynasty, Banyan Route was changed into Zichuan Directly-Administered Prefecture (Zichuan Zhili Zhou). In 1367, Zhu Yuanzhang restored it to a prefecture. Bohai County, Yanci County, Fengfu County, and Ande County were abolished, and their territories were placed under the direct jurisdiction of Binzhou, Dizhou, Tai’an Prefecture, and Dezhou.
After Ming was established, in 1369, Dezhou was changed from a directly-administered prefecture into a scattered prefecture (san-zhou), with Ling County placed under its administration; Zichuan Prefecture was downgraded to a county; Laiwu County was reassigned to Tai'an Prefecture; Putai County was reassigned to Binzhou; and Leling County to Dizhou. Qingcheng County was abolished and divided between Qidong County and Zouping County.
In 1373, Dizhou was renamed Le'an Prefecture (Le'an Zhou). In 1375, Ling County was merged into Dezhou. In 1376, Zichuan County was elevated to a prefecture. In 1377, Zichuan Prefecture was again downgraded to a county; in the next year, the capital of Shandong was moved from Qingzhou to Jinan[3]. Since then, Licheng county was the administrative seat of three levels of government—Licheng County, Jinan Prefecture, as well as Shandong Province, and this was known as attached county[4].
In 1724 during Qing dynasty, Tai'an Prefecture, Bin Prefecture, and Wuding Prefecture—previously under Jinan Prefecture—were elevated to directly-administered prefectures (直隸州), with the nine counties of Xintai, Laiwu, Changqing, Lijin, Zhanhua, Putai, Yangxin, Haifeng, and Leling placed under their supervision. In 1734, Qingcheng and Shanghe—previously under Jinan Prefecture—were reassigned to Wuding Prefecture, and Feicheng County was reassigned to Tai’an Prefecture, while Changqing, Pingyuan, Yucheng, Linyi, and Ling County, which had earlier been detached, remained under Jinan Prefecture.
After the Xinhai Revolution, imperial rule was replaced by Republic of China; in 1913, Jinan Prefecture was abolished.
Divisions
[edit]| Period | Total | Subordinate Units |
|---|---|---|
| Northern Song, 1116 | Five counties | |
| Jin dynasty | Seven counties and twenty-nine towns | |
| Ming dynasty, Jingtai era | Four subprefectures and twenty-six counties: | Subprefectures:
Counties: |
| Qing dynasty, Yongzheng era | One subprefecture and fifteen counties | Subprefecture:
Counties: |
References
[edit]- ^ 《宋史·卷八十五·志第三十八》◎地理一......济南府，上，济南郡，兴德军节度。本齐州。先属京东路。咸平四年，废临济县。元丰元年，割属京东东路。政和六年，升为府。崇宁户一十三万三千三百二十一，口二十一万四千六十七。贡绵、绢、阳起石、防风。县五：历城，紧。禹城，紧。章丘，中，景德三年，以章丘县置清平军。熙宁二年废军，即县治置军使。长清、中。至道二年，徙城于刺榆。临邑，中。建隆元年，河决公乘渡口，坏城。三年，移治孙耿镇。政和元年，升为望......
- ^ 《金史·卷二十五·志第六》◎地理中......济南府，散，上。宋齐州济南郡。初置兴德军节度使，后置尹，置山东东西路提刑司。户三十万八千四百六十九。县七、镇二十九：历城，镇六，盘水、中宫、老僧口、上洛口、王舍人店、遥墙。临邑 镇三:新镇、安肃、新市。齐河，镇三，晏城、刘宏、新孙耿。章丘，有长白山、东陵山、百脉水、杨绪水。镇四，普济、延安、临济、明水。禹城，有黄河、济河、淇河、氵水。镇三，新安、仁水寨、黎济寨。长清，剧。有磨笄山、隔马山、黄河、清水。镇六，赤庄、莒镇、李家庄、归德、丰济、阴河。济阳，镇四，回河、曲堤、旧孙耿、仁丰。淄州......
- ^ 《明史·卷四十一·志第十七》济南府，元济南路，属山东东西道宣慰司。太祖吴元年为府。领州四，县二十六：历城，倚......兖州府......
- ^ "科学网-杂说"县"-冯大诚的博文". wap.sciencenet.cn. Retrieved 2025-11-12.