Isoprene synthase

Isoprene synthase
Identifiers
EC no.	4.2.3.27
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Search PMC articles PubMed articles NCBI proteins

The enzyme isoprene synthase (EC 4.2.3.27) catalyzes the chemical reaction

prenyl pyrophosphate ${\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }$ isoprene + diphosphate

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically those carbon-oxygen lyases acting on phosphates. The systematic name of this enzyme class is prenyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (isoprene-forming). Other names in common use include ISPC, and ISPS. The crystal structure of ISPS was the first of a hemiterpene synthase and was reported by the research group of David W. Christianson at the University of Pennsylvania.^[1]

References

1. Köksal, Mustafa; Zimmer, Ina; Schnitzler, Jörg-Peter; Christianson, David W. (September 2010). "Structure of Isoprene Synthase Illuminates the Chemical Mechanism of Teragram Atmospheric Carbon Emission". Journal of Molecular Biology. 402 (2): 363–373. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2010.07.009. PMC 2942996. PMID 20624401.

Further reading

• Silver GM, Fall R (1991). "Enzymatic Synthesis of Isoprene from Dimethylallyl Diphosphate in Aspen Leaf Extracts". Plant Physiology. 97 (4): 1588–1591. doi:10.1104/pp.97.4.1588. PMC 1081206. PMID 16668590.
• Silver GM, Fall R (1995). "Characterization of aspen isoprene synthase, an enzyme responsible for leaf isoprene emission to the atmosphere". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 (22): 13010–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.22.13010. PMID 7768893.
• Wildermuth MC, Fall R (1996). "Light-Dependent Isoprene Emission (Characterization of a Thylakoid-Bound Isoprene Synthase in Salix discolor Chloroplasts)". Plant Physiology. 112 (1): 171–182. doi:10.1104/pp.112.1.171. PMC 157936. PMID 12226383.
• Schnitzler JP, Arenz R, Steinbrecher R, Lehming A (1996). "Characterization of an Isoprene Synthase from Leaves of Quercus petraea (Mattuschka) Liebl". Botanica Acta. 109 (3): 216–221. Bibcode:1996BotAc.109..216S. doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.1996.tb00566.x.
• Miller B, Oschinski C, Zimmer W (2001). "First isolation of an isoprene synthase gene from poplar and successful expression of the gene in Escherichia coli". Planta. 213 (3): 483–7. Bibcode:2001Plant.213..483M. doi:10.1007/s004250100557. PMID 11506373.
• Sivy TL, Shirk MC, Fall R (2002). "Isoprene synthase activity parallels fluctuations of isoprene release during growth of Bacillus subtilis". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 294 (1): 71–5. Bibcode:2002BBRC..294...71S. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)00435-7. PMID 12054742.
• Sasaki K, Ohara K, Yazaki K (2005). "Gene expression and characterization of isoprene synthase from Populus alba". FEBS Letters. 579 (11): 2514–8. Bibcode:2005FEBSL.579.2514S. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2005.03.066. PMID 15848197.
• Schnitzler JP, Zimmer I, Bachl A, Arend M, Fromm J, Fischbach RJ (2005). "Biochemical properties of isoprene synthase in poplar (Populus x canescens)". Planta. 222 (5): 777–86. doi:10.1007/s00425-005-0022-1. PMID 16052321.
• Vickers CE, Possell M, Cojocariu C, Velikova V, Laothawornkitkul J, Ryan A, Mullineaux PM, Hewitt CN (2009). "Isoprene synthesis protects transgenic tobacco plants from oxidative stress". Plant, Cell & Environment. 32 (5): 520–31. Bibcode:2009PCEnv..32..520V. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.01946.x. PMID 19183288.
• Vickers CE, Possell M, Hewitt CN, Mullineaux P (2010). "Genetic structure and regulation of isoprene synthase in Poplar (Populus spp.)". Plant Molecular Biology. 73 (4–5): 547–58. Bibcode:2010PMolB..73..547V. doi:10.1007/s11103-010-9642-3. PMID 20467886.
• Vickers CE, Possell M, Laothawornkitkul J, Ryan AC, Hewitt CN, Mullineaux P (2011). "Isoprene synthesis in plants – lessons from a transgenic tobacco model". Plant, Cell & Environment. 34 (6): 1043–53. Bibcode:2011PCEnv..34.1043V. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02303.x. PMID 21388420.