Henochilus

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Henochilus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Characiformes
Family: Bryconidae
Subfamily: Bryconinae
Genus: Henochilus
Garman, 1890
Species:
H. wheatlandii
Binomial name
Henochilus wheatlandii
Garman, 1890

Henochilus is a monospecific genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Bryconidae, the doradas and jaw characins. The only species in the genus is Henochilus wheatlandii. This genus is classified in the subfamily Bryconinae, in the family Bryconidae, within the suborder Characoidei of the order Characiformes.[2][3][4] This taxon is endemic to Brazil, where it is native to the Mucuri and Doce River basins.[5]

It is a Critically Endangered species, and now restricted to the Santo Antônio River, a tributary of the Doce River.[contradictory][6] It had been considered extinct for more than a century, until rediscovered in 1996.[7] This species is known to feed on plants.[8] It can reach up to 41.3 cm (16.3 in) in standard length.[5]

Henochilus means "one-lipped", an allusion to this fish having a lip on the lower jaw but no lip on the upper jaw. The specific name honors Henry Wheatland (1812–1893), who was president of the Essex Institute in Salem, Massachusetts, United States, which published the description of the fish.[9]

References

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  1. ^ Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio) (2023). "Henochilus wheatlandii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2023 e.T186843A1819214. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T186843A1819214.pt. Retrieved 17 March 2025.
  2. ^ Fricke, Ron; Eschmeyer, William N. & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Bryconinae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 20 August 2025.
  3. ^ Fricke, Ron; Eschmeyer, William N. & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Henochilus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 20 August 2025.
  4. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard. "Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes Classification". California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 20 August 2025.
  5. ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Henochilus wheatlandii". FishBase. February 2017 version.
  6. ^ Vieira, Fábio; Bernardo Mascarenhas Alves, Carlos (2001). "Threatened fishes of the world: Henochilus wheatlandii Garman, 1890 (Characidae)". Environmental Biology of Fishes. 62 (4): 414. Bibcode:2001EnvBF..62..414V. doi:10.1023/A:1012233128362. S2CID 45861603.
  7. ^ Silva, Priscilla C.; Santos, Udson; Travenzoli, Natália M.; Zanuncio, Jose C.; Cioffi, Marcelo de B.; Dergam, Jorge A. (2012). "The Unique Karyotype of Henochilus wheatlandii, a Critically Endangered Fish Living in a Fast-Developing Region in Minas Gerais State, Brazil". PLOS ONE. 7 (7) e42278. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...742278S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0042278. PMC 3407097. PMID 22848754.
  8. ^ "Henochilus wheatlandii". The Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 3 March 2013.
  9. ^ Scharpf, Christopher (26 April 2024). "Family BRYCONIDAE Eigenmann 1912 (Dorados or Jaw Characins)". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. Retrieved 20 August 2025.


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