Emanuele Paternò

Emanuele Paternò di Sessa
Emanuele Paternò
Born	(1847-12-12)12 December 1847 Palermo, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
Died	17 January 1935(1935-01-17) (aged 87) Palermo
Alma mater	University of Palermo
Known for	Paternò–Büchi reaction
Scientific career
Fields	Chemistry, Politics
Institutions	University of Palermo, University of Torino, University of Rome, University of Marburg
Doctoral advisor	Stanislao Cannizzaro
President of the Accademia nazionale delle scienze
In office 1 January 1921 – 26 March 1932
Preceded by	Vito Volterra
Succeeded by	Orso Mario Corbino

Emanuele Paternò, 9th Marquess of Sessa was an Italian chemist and politician and is credited with the discovery of the Paternò–Büchi reaction.

Biography

He was born in Palermo in 1847 as the Marquess of Sessa, in a branch of the House of Paternò. Emanuele's father, Giuseppe, took part in the Sicilian Revolution of 1848. When the Bourbons returned to power, he was sentenced to exile, and much of his assets were confiscated. Paternò and his family moved to Alexandria, Egypt. There, in 1858, Giuseppe Paternò died, and Emanuele and his mother moved to Genoa where they were welcomed by Emanuele's uncle, also dedicated to the cause of Italian independence.

Following the Expedition of the Thousand, the Paternò family was able to return to Palermo. Emanuele enrolled the University of Palermo, where he studied chemistry with Stanislao Cannizzaro. He graduated in physics and chemistry In 1871.

Scientific career

In 1871 he became a lecturer at the University of Torino, but returned to Palermo the following year as Cannizzaro's successor. In 1892 he became a professor at the University of Rome. His main area of research was photochemistry, and discovered the Paternò–Büchi reaction in 1909.^[1] The reaction was improved by George Büchi, its other namesake, in 1954.^[2]

Political career

Paternò was politically active. He served as the Mayor of Palermo (1890–1892), and in 1890 he was appointed by King Victor Emmanuel III a member of the Senate of the Kingdom of Italy. He was later elected vice president (1904-1919) of the Italian upper house.

References

1. E. Paterno; G. Chieffi (1909). "Sintesi in chimica organica per mezzo della luce — Nota II. Composti degli idrocarburi non saturi con aldeidi e chetoni" [Synthesis in organic chemistry using light. Note II. Compounds of unsaturated hydrocarbons with aldehydes and ketones]. Gazzetta Chimica Italiana. 39: 341–361.
2. G. Büchi; Charles G. Inman; E. S. Lipinsky (1954). "Light-catalyzed Organic Reactions. I. The Reaction of Carbonyl Compounds with 2-Methyl-2-butene in the Presence of Ultraviolet Light". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 76 (17): 4327–4331. doi:10.1021/ja01646a024.

Bibliography

• Calascibetta, Franco (2014). "PATERNO, Emanuele". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). Vol. 81: Pansini–Pazienza. Rome: Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. ISBN 978-88-12-00032-6.