Dyne

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For people with the name, see Dyne (name).
dyne
Ohaus spring scale displaying force measurements in both newtons and dynes
General information
Unit systemCGS units
Unit offorce
Symboldyn
Conversions
1 dyn in ...... is equal to ...
   CGS base units   1 g⋅cm/s2
   SI units   10−5 N
   British Gravitational System   2.248089×10−6 lbf

The dyne (symbol: dyn; from Ancient Greek δύναμις (dúnamis) 'power, force') is a derived unit of force specified in the centimetre–gram–second (CGS) system of units, a predecessor of the modern SI.

History

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The name dyne was first proposed as a CGS unit of force in 1873 by a Committee of the British Association for the Advancement of Science.[1]

Definition

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The dyne is defined as "the force required to accelerate a mass of one gram at a rate of one centimetre per second squared".[2] An equivalent definition of the dyne is "that force which, acting for one second, will produce a change of velocity of one centimetre per second in a mass of one gram".[3]

One dyne is equal to 10 micronewtons, 10−5 N or to 10 nsn (nanosthenes) in the old metre–tonne–second system of units.

  • 1 dyn = 1 g⋅cm/s2 = 10−5 kg⋅m/s2 = 10−5 N
  • 1 N = 1 kg⋅m/s2 = 105 g⋅cm/s2 = 105 dyn
Force units
Newtons Dynes Kilograms-force
kiloponds 		Pounds Poundals
1 N ≡ 1 kg⋅m⁄s2 = 100000 dyn ≈ 0.10197 kgf ≈ 0.22481 lb ≈ 7.23301 pdl
1 dyn = 1×10−5 N ≡ 1 g⋅cm⁄s2 ≈ 1.01972×10−6 kgf ≈ 2.24809×10−6 lb ≈ 7.23301×10−5 pdl
1 kgf = 9.80665 N = 980665 dyn ≡ gn × 1 kg ≈ 2.20462 lb ≈ 70.9316 pdl
1 lb ≈ 4.44822 N ≈ 444822 dyn ≈ 0.45359 kgf ≡ gn × 1 lbm / .3048 m⁄ft ≈ 32.1740 pdl
1 pdl ≈ 0.13825 N ≈ 13825.5 dyn ≈ 0.01410 kgf ≈ 0.03108 lbf ≡ 1 lbm⋅ft⁄s2

Use

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The dyne per centimetre is a unit traditionally used to measure surface tension. For example, the surface tension of distilled water is 71.99 dyn/cm at 25 °C (77 °F).[4] (In SI units this is 71.99×10−3 N/m or 71.99 mN/m.)

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Thomson, Sir Wl; Professor GC, Foster; Maxwell, Professor JC; Stoney, Mr GJ; Professor Flemming, Jenkin; Siemens, Dr; Bramwell, Mr FJ (September 1873). Everett, Professor (ed.). First Report of the Committee for the Selection and Nomenclature of Dynamical and Electrical Units. Forty-third Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. Bradford: Johna Murray. p. 224. Retrieved 8 April 2012.
  2. ^ Gyllenbok, Jan (11 April 2018). "dyne". Encyclopaedia of Historical Metrology, Weights, and Measures. Vol. 1. Birkhäuser. p. 90. ISBN 9783319575988. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
  3. ^ Beach, Chandler B., ed. (1914). "Dyne" . The New Student's Reference Work . Vol. II. Chicago: F. E. Compton and Co.
  4. ^ Haynes, W.M.; Lide, D. R.; Bruno, T.J., eds. (2015). "Surface tension of common liquids". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (96nd ed.). CRC Press. p. 6-181. ISBN 9781482260977.