Draft:Quizquiz Chiefdom
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Quizquiz Chiefdom
Quizqui | |
|---|---|
| Country | Present-day United States |
| State | Mississippi |
| Encountered by Hernando de Soto | 1541 |
The Quizquiz Chiefdom, Quizqui, or just Quizquiz was a native american polity encountered during the De Soto expedition. The polity encompassed three large towns within the north-western portion of the State of Mississippi.
The polity is thought to have administrated their territories from Coahoma County, Mississippi, where it is not believed that the towns who were controlled by the Quizquiz were associated with the same phase due to skepticism with archaeological records. The town itself is placed within the Walls Phase which is located within northwestern Mississippi and southwestern Tennessee.[1] There is no dialectic discerning as to where the name of the town was taken from, though it is noted that the term "Quizquiz" mirrors Atahualpa's general Quizquiz in peru and brings the question whether it is coincidental or not.[2]
De Soto expedition
[edit]Hernando De Soto arrived in Quizquiz from Alamamu over the course of seven days. They were obliged to march due to the need to find a place where there was maize, despite needing rest for the wounded. The area in which he marched is said to be unpopulated, consisting of swamps and thick woods. There were several marshes and swamps where they were required to swim, though this region was mostly passable on horseback.
When he did eventually arrive, they were not perceived by the inhabitants of the town, and seized the town before the residents were able to leave their homes. This being where the mother of the Cacique was captured. De Soto called for the Cacique to come and see him after sending one indian whom they had captured, proposing to the Cacique that he send back the indians who were captured alongside his mother. The Cacique said that De Soto should order his mother and the indians to be released, as well as to visit and serve De Soto. He, considering his men were sick and weary due to the lack of maize, while the horses were also weak, complied with the request of the Cacique, eager to please the Chieftain and have peace.
In the following day, many of the indians wielding bows and arrows intended to attack De Soto and his men. De Soto pre-emptively readied his men and ordered for the horses to be armed. Six of the indians, identified as Principal Indians, deliberated with De Soto. The inhabitants were taught by their ancestors that a white race (Europeans) would eventually take control over them. They wished to comply with obedience to De Soto, where they granted six or seven skin blankets that they had brought. The Cacique of Quizquiz no longer spoke with or visited De Soto afterward. As there was little maize in the town, He left to a town located half a league from a large river, potentially being the Mississippi.[3][4]
There is little archaeological indication afterward regarding the Quizquiz to reference what happened to them following De Soto's arrival. It is likely they fell within the Mississippian Shatter Zone, as many other polities on the delta fell within the following century.
References
[edit]- ^ BRAIN, JEFFREY P. (1978-12-31), "The archaeological phase: Ethnographic fact or fancy?", Archaeological essays in honor of Irving B. Rouse, DE GRUYTER MOUTON, pp. 311–318, doi:10.1515/9783110803259.311, ISBN 978-90-279-7834-9, retrieved 2025-08-16
- ^ McNutt, Charles H. (2010-05-30), "The Upper Yazoo Basin in Northwest Mississippi", Prehistory of the Central Mississippi Valley, University of Alabama Press, pp. 155–186, doi:10.2307/jj.30347188.12, ISBN 978-0-8173-8411-1, retrieved 2025-08-16
- ^ CLAYTON, LAWRENCE A.; KNIGHT, VERNON JAMES; MOORE, EDWARD C., eds. (2024-08-15). The De Soto Chronicles Vol 1. University of Alabama Press. doi:10.2307/jj.30347104. ISBN 978-0-8173-9562-9.
- ^ Bushnell, Amy Turner (1998-12-01). "Charles Hudson. Knights of Spain, Warriors of the Sun: Hernando de Soto and the South's Ancient Chiefdoms. Athens: University of Georgia Press. 1997. Pp. xxii, 561. $34.95". The American Historical Review. 103 (5): 1681–1682. doi:10.1086/ahr/103.5.1681. ISSN 1937-5239.