Draft:E-RUPI
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|  |
| e-RUPI | |
|---|---|
| Developer(s) | National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) |
| Initial release | August 2, 2021 |
| Operating system | SMS and QR code delivery (works on feature phones and smartphones) |
| Platform | NPCI UPI rails |
| Type | Digital payment system |
| License | Proprietary |
| Website | Official website |
e-RUPI is a person-and-purpose specific digital voucher system launched in India in August 2021. The system delivers prepaid electronic vouchers to beneficiaries via SMS or QR code which can be redeemed at participating merchants for a specified purpose without requiring a bank account, card or mobile payments app. e-RUPI is powered by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) in collaboration with the Department of Financial Services, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, and the National Health Authority for certain healthcare use cases.[1][2]
Background
[edit]e-RUPI was announced and launched by the Prime Minister of India on 2 August 2021 as a prepaid, purpose-specific voucher system intended to enable leak-proof delivery of government and corporate welfare payments and benefits. The initiative was promoted as a means to ensure that benefits reach intended beneficiaries in a targeted and tamper-resistant manner, particularly for health and welfare interventions.[3]
Design and features
[edit]e-RUPI vouchers are generated by authorised agencies and delivered to beneficiaries as a one-time SMS string or a QR code. Vouchers are person-and-purpose specific: they can be redeemed only by the intended beneficiary and only for the service or product defined in the voucher (for example, a diagnostic test, a vaccine dose, or a subsidy). Because redemption requires only the presented voucher at participating merchants, users need not have a UPI app, bank account, or card to use e-RUPI, making it suitable for targeted benefits where traditional digital access is limited.[4][5]
Implementation and use cases
[edit]Early uses of e-RUPI emphasised healthcare—such as prepaid vouchers for COVID-19 vaccination and diagnostics—but the system was designed for broader welfare and corporate use. State governments and departments have piloted e-RUPI for targeted subsidy delivery, agricultural inputs, and health schemes. Several state governments subsequently announced pilot projects and local rollouts using e-RUPI for farmers and other beneficiaries.[6][7]
Governance, issuance and technology
[edit]e-RUPI vouchers are issued through banks and authorised entities using NPCI rails; the platform integrates with government and corporate back-end systems for voucher generation and reconciliation. Over time regulators and the Reserve Bank of India explored expanding the scope of voucher issuance and clarifying operational roles for non-bank prepaid instrument issuers, to broaden usage and interoperability.[8]
Adoption and rollout
[edit]Since its launch, e-RUPI has been adopted in multiple pilot schemes and government programmes. By 2024–25 there were reports of state governments and institutions using e-RUPI for agriculture subsidies, welfare schemes and targeted benefits for citizens who may lack access to conventional digital payment methods. Sources from 2025 note local government launches of e-RUPI pilots for farmers and for other state-led welfare disbursements.[9][10]
Reception and commentary
[edit]News coverage and policy commentary have generally described e-RUPI as a useful tool for targeted delivery of benefits, particularly in health and welfare contexts, because of its leak-reducing features and low dependency on beneficiary access to digital banking or apps. Commentators have also noted operational challenges—such as merchant onboarding, beneficiary awareness and technical integration—and recommended broader interoperability and training at the local level.[11]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "PM Modi to launch digital payment solution e-RUPI". NDTV. 2 August 2021.
- ^ "e-RUPI Contactless Digital Payment Platform". National Payments Corporation of India.
- ^ "e-RUPI to create a transparent and efficient welfare delivery mechanism: PM Narendra Modi". The Economic Times. 2 August 2021.
- ^ "PM Modi to launch digital payment solution e-RUPI". NDTV. 2 August 2021.
- ^ "e-RUPI Contactless Digital Payment Platform". National Payments Corporation of India.
- ^ "Dhami launches e-RUPI system, agricultural policies for farmers". Times of India. 17 May 2025.
- ^ "What is e-RUPI and how does it work?". The Business Standard. 2 August 2021.
- ^ "RBI to expand scope of e-RUPI vouchers". Outlook Money. 6 September 2024.
- ^ "e-RUPI to create a transparent and efficient welfare delivery mechanism: PM Narendra Modi". The Economic Times. 2 August 2021.
- ^ "PM Modi to launch digital payment solution e-RUPI". NDTV. 2 August 2021.
- ^ "E-RUPI: The way forward". IMPRI Insights. 22 April 2023.
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