Deaths in November 1988
This article needs additional citations for verification.  (April 2024)  | 
The following is a list of notable deaths in November 1988.
Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:
- Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.
 
November 1988
[edit]1
[edit]- Siddiq Abubakar III, 85, Nigerian Muslim leader, Sultan of Sokoto.
 - Broda Otto Barnes, 82, American physician and professor of medicine (Hypothyroidism).[1]
 - Michel Fauconnet, 79, Swiss Olympic fencer (1928, 1936).[2]
 - George Folsey, 90, American cinematographer (Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer), stroke.[3]
 - Hans P. Kraus, 81, Austrian-born American rare book dealer, pneumonia .[4]
 - Lefty Sullivan, 72, American MLB player (Cleveland Indians).[5]
 - Tuomo Suomalainen, 56, Finnish architect.[6]
 
2
[edit]- Ralph Amsden, 71, American basketball player.[7]
 - Rosalie Glynn Grylls, 83, British biographer.[8]
 - Hokuma Gurbanova, 75, Azerbaijani actress.[9]
 - Lukas Heller, 58, German-born British screenwriter (What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?, Hush...Hush, Sweet Charlotte).
 - Stewart Parker, 47, Northern Irish poet and playwright, stomach cancer.[10]
 - Menachem Savidor, 71, Israeli civil servant and politician, Speaker of the Knesset.[11]
 - James R. Shepley, 71, American journalist and businessman, president of Time Inc., CEO of The Washington Star, cancer.[12]
 - P. Thanulinga Nadar, 73, Indian politician, member of Lok Sabha.
 
3
[edit]- Hussain Adam, 20, Maldivian soldier, shot.[13]
 - Rachel Andresen, 81, American social worker and founder of Youth For Understanding.[14]
 - Sidney Carroll, 75, American film and television screenwriter (The Hustler, A Big Hand for the Little Lady).[15]
 - Harold Martin, 70, Australian bomber pilot and Air Marshall in the Royal Air Force.[16]
 - Lionel C. McGarr, 84, American general in the U.S. Army.[17]
 - George Mitchell, 87, American Olympic water polo player (1924, 1928).[18]
 - Henri van Praag, 72, Dutch writer and religious historian, known also for publications on parapsychology.
 - Marie Raymond, 80, French abstract painter.[19]
 - David Robilliard, 36, British poet and artist, AIDS.[20]
 - Keith Schow, 57, Australian rules footballer.[21]
 - Flora Rheta Schreiber, 70, American journalist and author (Sybil), heart attack.[22]
 
4
[edit]- Elinor Bellingham-Smith, 81, British painter of landscapes and still life.[23]
 - Raphael Bronstein, 92, Lithuanian-born American violinist, stroke.[24]
 - Walter Coutts, 75, British colonial administrator, Governor-General of Uganda.[25]
 - Jean Gérault, 84, French Olympic long-distance runner (1928).[26]
 - Edward Thaxter Gignoux, 72, American judge (United States District Court for the District of Maine).[27]
 - Hermann Graf, 76, German World War II fighter ace.[28]
 - Ki. Va. Jagannathan, 82, Indian Tamil journalist, poet and writer.
 - Ernest Lindner, 91, Austrian-born Canadian painter.[29]
 - Kimon Evan Marengo, 84, Egyptian-born British cartoonist.[30]
 - Nicholas Megura, 68, American USAAF WWII flying ace.
 - André Ménard, 81, French Governor General in the French colonial empire.
 - Henry Pelham-Clinton-Hope, 81, British peer and aviator, Duke of Newcastle.[31]
 - Michael Pomazansky, 99, Russian-born American theologian.[32]
 - Kleanthis Vikelidis, 73, Greek international footballer (Aris Thessaloniki, Greece).
 
5
[edit]- Mosher Joseph Blumenfeld, 84, American district judge (United States District Court for the District of Connecticut).[33]
 - Glenn Chapman, 82, American MLB player (Brooklyn Dodgers).[34]
 - C. F. Møller, 90, Danish architect.[35]
 - Jakoba Mulder, 88, Dutch architect and urban planner (Amsterdamse Bos).[36]
 - Albert Overton, 85, American Negro Leagues baseball player.[37]
 - Jean-Pierre Stirbois, 43, French far-right politician, member of the National Assembly, car crash.[38]
 - Claus Toksvig, 59, Danish journalist, broadcaster and politician.[39]
 - Rudolf Wirz, 70, Swiss Olympic handball player (1936).[40]
 
6
[edit]- John Hubbard, 74, American television and film actor, kidney failure.[41]
 - Daniel Knox, 74, British Army officer, Governor of the Bahamas.[42]
 - Donald Wade, 84, British solicitor and politician, Member of Parliament.[43]
 - Tan Zheng, 82, Chinese general and Communist Party leader.[44]
 
7
[edit]- Hans Baumann, 74, German poet and songwriter.[45]
 - Abram Belskie, 81, British-born American sculptor.[46]
 - Conrad Bernier, 84, French-Canadian organist, composer and conductor.[47]
 - Bill Hoest, 62, American cartoonist (The Lockhorns, Laugh Parade), lymphoma.[48]
 - Theodor V. Ionescu, 89, Romanian physicist and inventor (plasma physics).[49]
 - Morris Janowitz, 69, American sociologist and professor, Parkinson's disease.[50]
 - B. N. Kumar, Indian Army general, shot dead by militants.[51]
 - Ruth Lyons, 83, American radio and television broadcaster.[52]
 - Sy Mah, 62, Canadian long-distance runner, leukemia.[53]
 - Jean-Claude Paul, 49, Haitian military officer alleged to have been involved in the illegal drug trade in Haiti, believed to have been poisoned.[54]
 
8
[edit]- Kingman Brewster Jr., 69, American diplomat, president of Yale University, ambassador to the U.K, brain haemorrhage.[55]
 - Warren Casey, 53, American composer, writer and actor (Grease), AIDS.[56]
 - Norm Nelson, 65, American racing driver.[57]
 - Oskar Rohr, 76, German international footballer (Strasbourg, Germany).[58]
 
9
[edit]- Yves Baudrier, 82, French composer and Olympic sailor (1936).[59]
 - David Bauer, 64, Canadian ice hockey player and coach, pancreatic cancer.[60]
 - Billy Curtis, 79, American film and television actor (Little Cigars), heart attack.[61]
 - Clarke Hinkle, 79, American NFL footballer (Green Bay Packers).[62]
 - György Margó, 76, Hungarian Olympic field hockey player (1936).[63]
 - John N. Mitchell, 75, U.S. Attorney General, convicted for his role in the Watergate scandal, heart attack.[64]
 - Rosemary Timperley, 68, British novelist and screenwriter.[65]
 - Bob Weiland, 82, American MLB player (Chicago White Sox, Boston Red Sox, St. Louis Cardinals).[66]
 - Max-Eckart Wolff, 85, Nazi German naval commander.[67]
 - Richard S. Yeoman, 84, American commercial artist and coin collector, stroke.[68]
 
10
[edit]- Ian Aston, 51, Australian rules footballer.[69]
 - Frederick Eccleston, 83, Australian cricketer.[70]
 - Alexandru Jar, 76, Romanian poet and prose writer.[71]
 - T. K. Rama Rao, 59, Indian Kannada novelist (Bangaarada Manushya).
 
11
[edit]- Charles Groves Wright Anderson, 91, South African-born Australian politician and soldier, member of Australian House of Representatives and Victoria Cross recipient.[72]
 - Frank Curcio, 75, Australian rules footballer (Fitzroy Lions).[73]
 - William Ifor Jones, 88, Welsh composer, conductor and organist.[74]
 - Peggy Parish, 61, American writer of children's books (Amelia Bedelia), abdominal aneurysm.[75]
 
12
[edit]- Franco Angeli, 53, Italian artist, AIDS.[76]
 - Lev Aronson, 76, American cellist.
 - Janika Balaž, 62, Yugoslavian tamburica musician and band leader.[77]
 - Ursula Graham Bower, 74, English anthropologist, guerrilla fighter against the Japanese.[78]
 - Vincent Buckley, 63, Australian poet and essayist, heart attack.[79]
 - Primo Conti, 88, Italian artist.[80]
 - Death Halladay, 88, American NFL player (Racine Legion).[81]
 - István Klimek, 75, Romanian footballer.[82]
 - Andrzej Kowerski, 76, Polish Army officer during World War II, cancer.[83]
 - Lyman Lemnitzer, 89, American general in the U.S. Army, Supreme Allied Commander Europe, kidney failure.[84]
 - Tomasz Sikorski, 48, Polish composer and pianist.[85]
 
13
[edit]- Antal Doráti, 82, Hungarian-born American conductor (Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra).[86]
 - Vlad Georgescu, 51, Romanian historian, academic and political dissident, brain tumour.[87]
 - François Lanzi, 72, French-born British artist.
 - Béla Perényi, 35, Hungarian international chess master, car crash.[88]
 - Mulugeta Seraw, 28, Ethiopian student.
 - Jaromír Vejvoda, 86, Czech composer (Beer Barrel Polka).[89]
 
14
[edit]- Julia Caba Alba, 86, Spanish actress.[90]
 - Olie Cordill, 72, American NFL player (Cleveland Rams).[91]
 - Giacomo Gaioni, 83, Italian Olympic cyclist (1928).[92]
 - Haywood S. Hansell, 85, American general in the U.S. Army Air Forces during World War II, heart failure.[93]
 - Edward Lee, 64–65, Chinese Olympic basketball player (1948).[94]
 - Davis Love Jr., 53, American professional golfer, plane crash.[95]
 - Takeo Miki, 81, Japanese politician, Prime Minister of Japan, cerebral hemorrhage.[96]
 - Haralan Popov, 81, Protestant minister, cancer.[97]
 - Augusta La Torre, 42, Peruvian communist, number two in command of Shining Path.
 
15
[edit]- Nell Dorr, 95, American photographer.[98]
 - Ieronymos I of Athens, 83, Greek monk, Archbishop of Athens.
 - Johann Kastenberger, 30, Austrian marathon runner, bank robber and murderer, suicide.[99]
 - Mirko Kokotović, 75, Austro-Hungarian–born Yugoslavian international footballer (HŠK Građanski, Yugoslavia).[100]
 - Ernest Matthew Mickler, 48, American cookbook author, AIDS.[101]
 - Thomas Peirce, 71, Barbadian cricketer.
 - Mona Washbourne, 84, English actress (Stevie, My Fair Lady).[102]
 
16
[edit]- Henry Ciccarone, 50, American college lacrosse coach (Johns Hopkins), heart attack.[103]
 - Wera Engels, 83, German actress.[104]
 - Elgin Gates, 66, American hunter, firearms and ammunition technician.[105]
 - Johnny Hayes, 78, American Negro Leagues baseball player.[106]
 - Jennie Lee, 84, Scottish politician, Member of Parliament.[107]
 - Reginald Teague-Jones, 99, British political and intelligence officer.[108]
 
17
[edit]- Ken Dow, 70, American NFL player (Washington Redskins).[109]
 - Sheilah Graham, 84, British-born American gossip columnist, heart failure.[110]
 - Michael Lambart, 77, British hereditary peer, commanding officer of the Shropshire Yeomanry.
 - Ángel Reyes, 69, Cuban-born American violinist.[111]
 
18
[edit]- Erwin Ackerknecht, 82, German-born American historian of medicine.[112]
 - Janet Gladys Aitken, 80, Canadian-born British aristocrat and socialite, director of the All England Jumping Course at Hickstead.[113]
 - Hans Frederiksen, 83, Danish Olympic wrestler (1936).[114]
 - Józef Korolkiewicz, 86, Polish painter and graph designer.[115]
 - Carl Pfeiffer, 80, American physician and biochemist, researcher of schizophrenia, heart attack.[116]
 - Anantrai Raval, 76, Indian writer and journalist.
 - Lotte Stam-Beese, 85, German-Dutch architect and urban planner, led reconstruction of Rotterdam after World War II.[117]
 
19
[edit]- Mirza Hameedullah Beg, 75, Indian politician, Chief Justice of India.[118]
 - Adolf Heuser, 81, German boxer, International Boxing Union light heavyweight champion.[119]
 - Khan Roshan Khan, 73–74, Pakistani historian and writer, president of the All-India Muslim League.
 - Kid Lowe, 88, American Negro Leagues baseball player.[120]
 - Roland MacKenzie, 81, American golfer.[121]
 - Veljko Mandić, 64, Montenegrin actor.
 - Christina Onassis, 37, American shipping magnate and heiress, heart attack.[122]
 - Peggy Parish, 61, American writer, abdominal aneurysm.[123]
 - Hamidur Rahman, 59–60, Bangladeshi artist and sculptor.
 
20
[edit]- Marian Fontowicz, 81, Polish Olympic footballer (1936).[124]
 - Alberto Guerrero, 85, Puerto Rican Olympic sports shooter (1952, 1968).[125]
 - Tyler Kent, 77, American diplomat, convicted of espionage.[126]
 - Nils Sønnevik, 77, Norwegian politician.
 - Jenő Vincze, 80, Hungarian international footballer and manager (Bocskai, Újpest, Hungary).[127]
 - Felix Ziegel, 68, Soviet astronomer, stroke.
 
21
[edit]- Robert Bright, 86, American writer and illustrator of children's literature (Georgie), cancer.[128]
 - Tom Fraser, 77, Scottish coal miner and trade unionist, Member of Parliament, Under-Secretary of State for Scotland.[129]
 - Simon Grany, 89, French Olympic athlete (1920).[130]
 - Carl Hubbell, 85, American Major League baseball player (New York Giants), car crash due to stroke.[131]
 - Pál Kalmár, 88, Hungarian pop singer.
 - Raymond Lewenthal, 65, American virtuoso pianist, heart attack.[132]
 - Theodora Llewelyn Davies, 90, British barrister, bronchopneumonia.[133]
 - Princess Sophie, 77, German princess of the House of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
 
22
[edit]- Luis Barragán, 86, Mexican architect and engineer (Torres de Satélite).[134]
 - Cathy Carr, 52, American pop singer ("Ivory Tower"), ovarian cancer.[135]
 - Gordon Church, 28, American murder victim.
 - Raymond Dart, 95, Australian anatomist and anthropologist (Australopithecus africanus), cerebral hemorrhage.[136]
 - Erich Fried, 67, Austrian-born British poet and writer, intestinal cancer.[137]
 - Pehr Gyllenhammar, 87, Swedish insurance company executive (Skandia).[138]
 - Ray Kelly, 74, American sportswriter (Philadelphia Bulletin).[139]
 - Hans Kruyt, 81, Dutch Olympic rower (1928).[140]
 - John C. Parkin, 66, British-born Canadian architect.[141]
 - John R. Ragazzini, 76, American electrical engineer, involved in Manhattan Project, heart failure.[142]
 - Josefina Vicens, 76, Mexican author, screenwriter and journalist.[143]
 - Terry Welch, 49, American computer scientist (Lempel–Ziv–Welch compression), brain tumour.[144]
 - Curt Wiberg, 90, Swedish Olympic sprinter (1924).[145]
 
23
[edit]- Gamal Abdel-Rahim, 63, Egyptian classical music composer.[146]
 - F. D. Amr Bey, 79, Egyptian diplomat and squash player, multiple British Open winner, Egyptian ambassador to the U.K.
 - Ludwig Franzisket, 71, German World War II Luftwaffe fighter ace.
 - Hansraj Gupta, 86, Indian mathematician (partition function).[147]
 - Wieland Herzfelde, 92, German publisher and writer.[148]
 - Richard Lonsdale, 74, British Army officer in World War II.[149]
 - Kenzō Masaoka, 90, Japanese anime creator, co-founder of Toei Animation.[150]
 - Albert Raby, 54–55, American civil rights activist, heart attack.[151]
 - Marcia Ralston, 82, Australian-born American actress (The Ghost Train; Marcus Welby, M.D.).[152]
 - Kazem Sami, 52–53, Iranian politician, Minister of Health, murdered.[153]
 - Joe Schleimer, 79, Canadian Olympic wrestler (1936).[154]
 - Philip F. Tyler, 31, Irish actor and television presenter (Bosco).[155]
 - Jack White, 68, American stock car racing driver.[156]
 
24
[edit]- Walter W. Bankhead, 91, American politician, member of the U.S. House of Representatives (1941).[157]
 - Mary Cavendish, 93, Mistress of the Robes to Queen Elizabeth II, Duchess of Devonshire.
 - John William Corrington, 56, American film writer (Battle for the Planet of the Apes, General Hospital), and novelist.[158]
 - Benigno Ferrera, 95, Italian Olympic cross-country skier (1924).[159]
 - Bernard Leene, 85, Dutch Olympic track cyclist (1928, 1932, 1936).[160]
 - Harris McDowell, 82, American politician, member of the U.S. House of Representatives (1955–1957, 1959–1967), stroke.[161]
 - Lukáš Mihalák, 80, Czechoslovakian Olympic cross-country skier (1936).[162]
 - Andreas Ostler, 67, German Olympic bobsledder (1952, 1956).[163]
 - Bo Rhambo, 65, American trumpeter and tenor saxophonist.[164]
 - Irmgard Seefried, 69, German soprano, cancer.[165]
 - Jenő Szűcs, 60, Hungarian historian.[166]
 
25
[edit]- Eddie Cameron, 86, American footballer and basketballer.[167]
 - Alphaeus Philemon Cole, 112, American artist, engraver and super-centenarian, heart failure.[168]
 - Rolf Jørgen Fuglesang, 79, Norwegian secretary to the Quisling government.[169]
 - Jack Leslie, 87, English footballer (Plymouth Argyle).[170]
 - Muhammad bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, 78, Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia.[171]
 - Robert Voigt, 75, Danish Olympic wrestler (1936).[172]
 
26
[edit]- Hans Baron, 88, German-born American historian (civic humanism).[173]
 - Albert Barthélémy, 82, French racing cyclist.
 - John Dahmer, 51, Canadian politician, member of the House of Commons (1988), cancer.[174]
 - Antonio Estévez, 72, Venezuelan musician, composer and conductor.[175]
 - Baron Michele Leone, 79, Italian-born American professional wrestler, struck by car.
 - John Loder, 90, British film actor.[176]
 - Hugh Oldman, 74, British Army officer, Secretary for Defence of the Sultanate of Oman.[177]
 - Bent Peder Rasch, 54, Danish Olympic sprint canoeist (1952).[178]
 
27
[edit]- Angela Aames, 32, American B Movie actress, heart virus.[179]
 - Carlos Botín, 88, Spanish Olympic sprinter (1920).[180]
 - John Carradine, 82, American actor (House of Frankenstein, The Grapes of Wrath), heart and kidney failure.[181]
 - Bill Dalkin, 67, Australian rules footballer.[182]
 - Jan Hein Donner, 61, Dutch chess grandmaster and writer, gastric hemorrhage.[183]
 - Max Fox, 76, Australian politician, member of the Australian House of Representatives (1955–1974).
 - George Kelly, 80, Irish Olympic boxer (1928).[184]
 - Yasin Osman Kenadid, 68–69, Somalian writer.[185]
 - Wilfred "Chicken" Smallhorn, 77, Australian rules footballer (Fitzroy).[186]
 - Takieddin el-Solh, 79–80, Lebanese politician, Prime Minister of Lebanon, heart attack.[187]
 - Victor Hubert Tait, 96, Canadian-born British RAF officer and Olympic Ice hockey player (1928).[188]
 
28
[edit]- Gus Bailey, 37, American NBA basketballer (Houston Rockets, New Orleans Jazz), murdered.[189]
 - Nuri Boytorun, 80, Turkish Olympic wrestler (1928, 1936).[190]
 - Robert E. Cook, 68, American attorney, politician, and judge, member of the United States House of Representatives (1959–1963).[191]
 - Butch Davis, 72, American Negro Leagues baseball player.[192]
 - Daniil Kazakevich, 85, Soviet Red Army officer, recipient of the Hero of the Soviet Union.
 - Leonid Lubennikov, 78, Soviet politician, Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union.
 - Robert Stewart, 82, New Zealand Olympic sailor (1956).[193]
 - Håkon Walde, 81, Norwegian footballer.[194]
 - Edward Ronald Walker, 81, Australian diplomat, Australia's representative to the UN and ambassador to three countries.[195]
 
29
[edit]- Nils Bejerot, 67, Swedish psychiatrist and criminologist (Stockholm syndrome), lymphoma.[196]
 - Tom Harrington, 80, Australian rules footballer.[197]
 - Donald Keyhoe, 91, American Marine Corps naval aviator, "UFO" researcher, pneumonia and cardiac arrest.[198]
 - George Lemin, 83, New Zealand cricketer.[199]
 - Elof Lindström, 90, Swedish Olympic javelin thrower (1920).[200]
 - Yevsey Moiseyenko, 72, Soviet painter.[201]
 - Ted Rosequist, 80, American NFL player (Chicago Bears, Cleveland Rams).[202]
 - Heinrich Schmidt, 84, Austrian composer.[203]
 - Mabel Strickland, 89, Maltese journalist, newspaper proprietor and politician, co-founder of the Times of Malta.[204]
 - Isabella von Thurn, 26, Austrian model and socialite, princess of the House of Hanover, overdose.[205]
 
30
[edit]- Abdul Basit 'Abd us-Samad, 60–61, Egyptian Quran reciter and Hafiz.[206]
 - Martín Alarcón, 59, Argentine football player.
 - Wally Berger, 83, American Major League baseball player (Boston Braves), stroke.[207]
 - Tom Dahms, 61, American NFL player and coach (Los Angeles Rams).[208]
 - Aleksandar Deroko, 94, Serbian architect, artist and author.
 - Edward H. Feldman, 68, American director and producer (Hogan's Heroes), heart disease.[209]
 - Pannonica de Koenigswarter, 74, British-born American jazz patron, Free French fighter and writer, heart failure.[210]
 - Ricky Lawless, 28, American professional wrestler, murdered.
 - Henrique Medina, 87, Portuguese painter (The Picture of Dorian Gray).[211]
 - Margaret Mee, 79, British botanical artist, car crash.[212]
 - Amiram Nir, 37, Israeli journalist, air crash.[213]
 - Paul Peter Rao, 89, American judge.[214]
 - M. K. Rocksamy, 56, Sri Lankan musician.[215]
 - Charlie Rouse, 64, American tenor saxophonist and flautist, lung cancer.[216]
 - István Szabácsy, 62, Hungarian Olympic equestrian (1972).[217]
 
Unknown date
[edit]- Aper Aku, 49–50, Nigerian governor of Benue State.
 - Romola Costantino, 58, Australian pianist, cancer.[218]
 
References
[edit]- ^ Dr. Broda Barnes' History. thyroidopedia.com. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
 - ^ "Olympedia – Michel Fauconnet". www.olympedia.org.
 - ^ "George Folsey Dies; Film Maker Was 90". The New York Times. November 5, 1988. p. 1 10. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
 - ^ Hans Peter Kraus, 81, Book Dealer and Collector. New York Times. Retrieved 18 Jun 2024.
 - ^ "Lefty Sullivan Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Rookie Status & More". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved October 5, 2025.
 - ^ Suomalainen, Tuomo (Finnish architect, died 1988). Getty Center (year of death only). Retrieved 11 Jul 2024.
 - ^ "Ralph Amsden NBL Stats". Basketball-Reference.com.
 - ^ Rosalie Glynn Grylls, Lady Mander (1905-1988). National Trust Collections (year of death only). Retrieved 11 Jun 2024.
 - ^ Hokuma Gurbanova. WorldCat. Retrieved 27 Oct 2024.
 - ^ Mervyn Rothstein (November 4, 1988). "Stewart Parker, 47, a Playwright On Irish Troubles, Dies in London". The New York Times. p. B 4. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
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 - ^ Martyr Hussain Adam’s proud parents through Nausham’s lens. Sun. 3 November 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
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 - ^ Oskar Rohr (Player). National Football Teams. Retrieved 3 Jul 2024.
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 - ^ Actor, Double : Billy Curtis; Midget Had Film Career. L.A. Times. Retrieved 3 Jun 2024.
 - ^ "Clarke Hinkle, 79, Former Football Star". The New York Times. November 11, 1988. p. D 18. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
 - ^ "Olympedia – György Margó". www.olympedia.org.
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 - ^ Rosemary Timperley. WorldCat. Retrieved 27 Oct 2024.
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