Chlorophyllum agaricoides

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Chlorophyllum agaricoides
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Agaricaceae
Genus: Chlorophyllum
Species:
C. agaricoides
Binomial name
Chlorophyllum agaricoides
(Czern.) Vellinga
Synonyms
Chlorophyllum agaricoides
View the Mycomorphbox template that generates the following list
Glebal hymenium
Cap is conical
Hymenium attachment is not applicable
Stipe is bare
Spore print is olive-brown
Ecology is saprotrophic
Edibility is edible or inedible

Chlorophyllum agaricoides, commonly known as the gasteroid lepiota,[1] puffball parasol, false puffball, or puffball agaric, is a species of fungus in the family Agaricaceae.[2][3]

Description

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It is a secotioid mushroom, meaning its hymenium takes the form of a gleba made of underdeveloped gills, completely enclosed by the cap, which never fully opens. This protects the mushroom from desiccation.[3] The cap is egg-shaped to spherical, often tapering upward to form a blunt, conical point 1–7 centimetres (1⁄2–2+3⁄4 in) wide and 2–10 cm tall.[1] It is white, and becomes brownish with age.[1] It may have some small fibrils or develop fibrous scales.[1] The gills are contorted, irregularly chambered, and underdeveloped, making up an enclosed gleba which is white, aging to a mustardy yellow-brown.[1] The stipe is up to 3 cm long and 0.5–2 cm thick. There is no ring. Its odor becomes cabbagey with age. It grows singularly or in clusters mostly on cultivated land or grass, though occasionally on the forest floor. The spores are 6.5–9.5 x 5–7 μm, globose to elliptic, green to yellow-brown, turning reddish brown in Melzer's reagent. The germ pore is indistinct. Cheilocystidia and pleurocystidia are absent.

Agaricus inapertus is a look-alike, although unlike C. agaricoides, it prefers forests and develops a black gleba with age.[3]

Distribution and habitat

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It has a cosmopolitan distribution,[2] with documented records from China,[4] Mongolia,[4] Bulgaria,[5] and Turkey.[6] It is also a protected species in Hungary[7] and is believed to be in decline across Europe due to habitat destruction.

Uses

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Young specimens have been traditionally eaten by the Turkish for many years.[6]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e Arora, David (1986) [1979]. Mushrooms Demystified: A Comprehensive Guide to the Fleshy Fungi (2nd ed.). Berkeley, California: Ten Speed Press. pp. 731–32. ISBN 978-0-89815-170-1.
  2. ^ a b "Chlorophyllum agaricoides (Czern.) Vellinga". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 7 February 2021.
  3. ^ a b c "What's become of Macrolepiota rhacodes?". www.svims.club. Retrieved 1 August 2022.
  4. ^ a b Ge, Z. W.; Yang, Zhu L. (1 June 2006). "The Genus Chlorophyllum (Basidiomycetes) in China" (PDF). Mycotaxon. 96 (1): 181–191. Retrieved 1 August 2022.
  5. ^ Lacheva, Maria (1 January 2012). "New Data of Some Rare Larger Fungi of Agaricaceae (Agaricales) in Bulgaria" (PDF). Plant Studies. 2 (6): 24–29. Retrieved 1 August 2022.
  6. ^ a b Sezgin, S.; Dalar, A.; Uzun, Y. (2019). "Determination of antioxidant activities and chemical composition of sequential fractions of five edible mushrooms from Turkey". Journal of Food Science and Technology. 57 (5): 1866–1876. doi:10.1007/s13197-019-04221-7. PMC 7171027. PMID 32327797.
  7. ^ "Lemezes pöfeteg - Chlorophyllum agaricoides". www.miskolcigombasz.hu. Retrieved 1 August 2022.