Cambridge Algebra System

Cambridge Algebra System

Developer(s)	David Barton, Stephen R. Bourne, and John Fitch
Written in	Titan assembler, ALGOL 68C, BCPL
Operating system	Titan computer then Cross-platform
Type	Computer algebra system

Cambridge Algebra System (CAMAL) is a computer algebra system written in Cambridge University by David Barton, Steve Bourne, and John Fitch. It was initially used for computations in celestial mechanics^[1][2] and general relativity. The foundation code was written in Titan computer assembler.^{[3][better source needed][4]} In 1973, when Titan was replaced with an IBM System/370 Model 165, it was rewritten in ALGOL 68C and then BCPL^[5] where it could run on IBM mainframes and assorted microcomputers.^[4]

References

1. Bourne, Stephen Richard (1969). Automatic algebraic manipulation and its application to the lunar theory. University of Cambridge.
2. Bourne, Stephen Richard (1972). "Literal Expressions for the Co-Ordinates of the Moon. I. The First Degree Terms". Celestial Mechanics. 6 (2): 167–186. Bibcode:1972CeMec...6..167B. doi:10.1007/BF01227779. S2CID 123519237.
3. Titan Autocode 1
4. J.P. Fitch. "REDUCE meets CAMAL" (PDF). School of Mathematical Sciences University of Bath. p. 2. Retrieved 2012-08-12.
5. John P. Fitch. CAMAL 40 Years on – Is Small Still Beautiful?. Intelligent Computer Mathematics (CICM 2009). pp. 32–44. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-02614-0_8.

Further reading

• Bauke Hiemstra (August 1975). "A pre-editor for CAMAL". ACM SIGSAM Bulletin. 9 (3): 30–34. doi:10.1145/1088309.1088320.
• Fitch, John (1975). CAMAL User's Manual. England: Cambridge University.
• Bourne, Stephen Richard; Horton, J.R. (1971). "The design of the Cambridge algebra system". Proceedings of the second ACM symposium on Symbolic and algebraic manipulation - SYMSAC '71. Los Angeles, California, USA. pp. 134–143. doi:10.1145/800204.806278. S2CID 14998130.