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For other uses, see Calypso (disambiguation).
CALIPSO
CALIPSO
Mission typeEarth observation
OperatorNASA / CNES
COSPAR ID2006-016A
SATCAT no.29108
Websitewww-calipso.larc.nasa.gov
Mission duration19 years
Spacecraft properties
Launch mass587 kilograms (1,294 lb)
Dimensions1.49 m × 1.84 m × 2.31 m (4.9 ft × 6.0 ft × 7.6 ft)
Power562 W
Start of mission
Launch dateApril 28, 2006, 10:02:16 (2006-04-28UTC10:02:16Z) UTC
RocketDelta 7420-10C D314
Launch siteVandenberg AFB SLC-2W
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeSun-synchronous
Semi-major axis7,080.7 kilometres (4,399.7 mi)
Eccentricity0.0001111
Perigee altitude701 kilometers (436 mi)
Apogee altitude703 kilometers (437 mi)
Inclination98.2176 degrees
Period98.50 minutes
RAAN285.6451 degrees
Argument of perigee80.3481 degrees
Mean anomaly279.7840 degrees
Mean motion14.57093780
Revolution no.40530

CALIPSO was a joint NASA (US) and CNES (France) environmental satellite, built in the Cannes Mandelieu Space Center, which was launched atop a Delta II rocket on April 28, 2006. Its name stands for Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations. CALIPSO launched alongside CloudSat.

Passive and active remote sensing instruments on board the CALIPSO satellite monitored aerosols and clouds 24 hours a day. CALIPSO was originally part of the "A-Train" alongside CloudSat[1][2], but moved to a lower orbit called the "C-Train" in 2018[3]. The mission ended on August 1, 2023 after over 17 years. Final passivation occurred on December 15, 2023.[4]

Mission

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Three instruments:

  • Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) - a lidar that provided high-resolution vertical profiles of aerosols and clouds.
  • Wide Field Camera (WFC) - a modified version of the commercial off-the-shelf Ball Aerospace CT-633 star tracker camera. It was selected to match band 1 of the MODIS instrument on the Aqua satellite.
  • Imaging Infrared Radiometer (IIR) - used to detect cirrus cloud emissivity and particle size. The CALIOP laser beam is aligned with the center of the IIR image to optimize joint CALIOP/IIR observations.

In February 2009, CALIPSO switched over to the redundant laser as scheduled. The primary laser achieved its mission goal of three years of successful operation, and the redundant laser has been performing beyond expectations.

The CALIPSO mission was granted extended mission status in June 2009. CALIPSO moved to the C-Train in 2018. The mission ended on August 1, 2023 due to lack of propellant.[5]

The Delta II rocket with CALIPSO and CloudSat on Launch Pad SLC-2W, VAFB.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Winker, David M.; Vaughan, Mark A.; Omar, Ali; Hu, Yongxiang; Powell, Kathleen A.; Liu, Zhaoyan; Hunt, William H.; Young, Stuart A. (2009). "Overview of the CALIPSO Mission and CALIOP Data Processing Algorithms". Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. 26 (11): 2310–2323. Bibcode:2009JAtOT..26.2310W. doi:10.1175/2009JTECHA1281.1. ISSN 1520-0426.
  2. ^ Stephens, Graeme L.; Vane, Deborah G.; Boain, Ronald J.; Mace, Gerald G.; Sassen, Kenneth; Wang, Zhien; Illingworth, Anthony J.; O'connor, Ewan J.; Rossow, William B.; Durden, Stephen L.; Miller, Steven D.; Austin, Richard T.; Benedetti, Angela; Mitrescu, Cristian; the CloudSat Science Team (2002). "THE CLOUDSAT MISSION AND THE A-TRAIN: A New Dimension of Space-Based Observations of Clouds and Precipitation". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 83 (12): 1771–1790. doi:10.1175/BAMS-83-12-1771. ISSN 0003-0007.
  3. ^ Braun, Barbara Manganis; Sweetser, Theodore H.; Graham, Clifford; Bartsch, Joseph (2019). "CloudSat's A-Train Exit and the Formation of the C-Train: An Orbital Dynamics Perspective". 2019 IEEE Aerospace Conference. pp. 1–10. doi:10.1109/AERO.2019.8741958. ISBN 978-1-5386-6854-2.
  4. ^ "Extinction du satellite CALIPSO". 26 December 2023.
  5. ^ "CALIPSO - INSTRUMENT UPDATE". NASA LARC. Archived from the original on 2010-03-16.
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