Association of Combatant Clerics

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Not to be confused with Combatant Clergy Association.
Association of Combatant Clerics
مجمع روحانیون مبارز
General SecretaryMohammad Mousavi Khoeiniha
SpokespersonMajid Ansari
Head of CouncilMohammad Khatami
FoundedMarch 16, 1988; 37 years ago (1988-03-16)
LegalizedFebruary 7, 1989; 36 years ago (1989-02-07)[1]
Split fromCombatant Clergy Association[2]
HeadquartersTehran, Iran
NewspaperSalam[2]
IdeologyCurrently:
Islamic democracy[3]
Reformism[4]
Liberalism[3]
Republicanism[5]
Clericalism
Anti-secularism[6]
Anti-liberalism[6]
Under the Presidency of Muhammad Khatami:
Islamic democracy[3]
Reformism[4][7]
Liberalism[3]
Economic liberalism[8][9][10][11][12][13]
Economic populism[14][15]
Free markets[11]
Economic interventionism[11]
Neoliberalism[16][17][18][19][20]
Social justice[11][21]
Third Way (debateable)[14][22][23]
Critic of capitalism[24][14]
Critic of imperialism[24]
Pro-consumer subsidies[11]
Pro-price controls[11]
Pro-privatization[11][25][26][27]
Pro-nationalization[11]
Pro-foreign investment[28]
Before the Presidency of Muhammad Khatami:
Radicalism[29]
Populism[29]
State-owned economy[30]
National affiliationCouncil for Coordinating the Reforms Front
Other affiliationCoalition For Iran (2004)
Website
rouhanioon.com

The Association of Combatant Clerics[a] (Persian: مجمع روحانیون مبارز, romanized: Majma'-e rowhāniyūn-e mobārez) is an Iranian reformist clerical political party. It is regarded as a left-wing party within the Iranian political spectrum.[31]

History

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Party's old logo

The Association of Combatant Clerics was founded in 1987 after abolition of the Islamic Republican Party, the last political party of that time. The association was originally radical, populist,[32] rather than reformist in orientation, and favored a focus "on exporting the revolution and calling for the state's monopoly over the economy,"[33] rather than democracy and freedom of expression. As of 2007, it advocated limits on clerical power in Iranian politics and extending individual freedoms—though not to the extent that might "lead to secularism or liberalism."[34]

After the resignation of Mehdi Karroubi from the post of secretary general, the party had no secretary general until late August 2005, when Mohammad Mousavi Khoeiniha was elected as the new secretary general. Former President of Iran Mohammad Khatami is the Chairman of the association's Central Council.

Members

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According to Muhammad Sahimi, the party "has a significant number of followers and sympathizers among the younger clerics".[35]

Central council members

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28 members of the party's central council are:

Other members

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ The party's name has been alternately translated Association of Militant Clergy, Assembly of Combatant Clerics, and Combatant Clerics League

References

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  1. ^ "List of Legally Registered Parties in Iran". Khorasan Newspaper. Pars Times. 30 July 2000. p. 4. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  2. ^ a b Bashiriyeh, Hossein (Spring–Summer 2001). "Civil Society and Democratisation during Khatami's First Term". Global Dialogue. 3 (2–3). Centre for World Dialogue: 19–26. ISSN 1986-2601. Archived from the original on 7 May 2016.
  3. ^ a b c d Ahmad Ashraf and Ali Banuazizi (2001), "Iran's Tortuous Path Toward "Islamic Liberalism"", International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society , 15 (2): 237–256,
  4. ^ a b Badamchi, Meysam (2017). Post-Islamist Political Theory: Iranian Intellectuals and Political Liberalism in Dialogue . Philosophy and Politics - Critical Explorations. Vol. 5. Springer. p. 3. ISBN 978-3-319-59492-7.
  5. ^ Mohseni, Payam (2016). "Factionalism, Privatization, and the Political Economy of Regime Transformation". In Brumberg, Daniel; Farhi, Farideh (eds.). Power and Change in Iran: Politics of Contention and Conciliation . Indiana Series in Middle East Studies. Indiana University Press. p. 201–
  6. ^ a b Wright, Robin, Dreams and Shadows: The Future of the Middle East, Penguin Press, 2008, p.300
  7. ^ Borjian, Maryam (2013). "The Period of Global Outlook (1997–2005)". English in Post-Revolutionary Iran. Vol. 29. Multilingual Matters & Channel View Publications. pp. 110–135. doi:10.2307/j.ctt21kk1tj.11. ISBN 978-1-84769-909-1.
  8. ^ "Khatami and the Myth of Reform in Iran". The Washington Institute.
  9. ^ "Khatami: The Reformist (1997-2005)".
  10. ^ Mehran, Golnar (2003). "Khatami, Political Reform and Education in Iran". Comparative Education. 39 (3): 311–329. doi:10.1080/0305006032000134391. JSTOR 3593430.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h "Khatami and His "Reformist" Economic (Non-)Agenda". 21 May 2001.
  12. ^ "Capitalism in Iran". ProQuest.
  13. ^ Amuzegar, Jahangir (2006). "Khatami's Legacy: Dashed Hopes". Middle East Journal. 60 (1): 57–74. doi:10.3751/60.1.13. JSTOR 4330216.
  14. ^ a b c "The Changing Paradigm of Iranian Foreign Policy Under Khatami".
  15. ^ "Khatami and His "Reformist" Economic (Non-)Agenda". 21 May 2001.
  16. ^ "What Can Neoliberalism Tell Us About the Iranian State?". 28 March 2022.
  17. ^ Valadbaygi, Kayhan (2022). "Neoliberalism and state formation in Iran". Globalizations: 1–15. doi:10.1080/14747731.2021.2024391 (inactive 18 November 2025). hdl:1887/3250718.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2025 (link)
  18. ^ "Toegang geblokkeerd / Access Blocked".
  19. ^ Etezadosaltaneh, Nozhan (12 January 2017). "Rafsanjani's Legacy: The Father of Neoliberalism in Iran". International Policy Digest.
  20. ^ "Khatami's Second Term".
  21. ^ "Iran Under Khatami: A Political, Economic, and Military Assessment". The Washington Institute.
  22. ^ "From Marx to Giddens via Weber and Habermas: The politics of social thought in Iran".
  23. ^ "Khatami marks Iran's revolution with criticism". NBC News. 11 February 2004.
  24. ^ a b "Muhammad Khatami".
  25. ^ "Iran: Khatami Receives Mixed Marks for His Economic and Political Legacies". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 8 April 2008.
  26. ^ https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/sites/default/files/pdf/IranUnderKhatami.pdf.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  27. ^ "Big Business and Economic Development: Conglomerates and Economic Groups in Developing Countries and Transition Economies under Globalisation".
  28. ^ "KUNA : KHATAMI SUPPORTS GOVT'S ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE - Economics - 04/10/2000".
  29. ^ a b Brumberg, Daniel, Reinventing Khomeini: The Struggle for Reform in Iran, University of Chicago Press, 2001, p.162
  30. ^ "Al-Ahram Center for Political & Strategic Studies". Archived from the original on 10 February 2006.
  31. ^
    • Asayesh, Hossein; Halim, Adlina Ab.; Jawan, Jayum A.; Shojaei, Seyedeh Nosrat (March 2011). "Political Party in Islamic Republic of Iran: A Review". Journal of Politics and Law. 4 (1). Canadian Center of Science and Education: 221–230. doi:10.5539/jpl.v4n1p221. ISSN 1913-9047.
    • Werner Ende; Udo Steinbach, eds. (2010), Islam in the World Today: A Handbook of Politics, Religion, Culture, and Society, Cornell University Press, ISBN 9780801464898, Left-wing Islamists can be separated into three groups that cooperate with one another, the most important being the aforementioned MRM.... Initially left-wing Islamists pursued a strict policy of economic austerity. They subjected the economy to rigorous state controls...
    • Golkar, Saeid (2015). Captive Society: The Basij Militia and Social Control in Iran. Washington D.C.: Columbia University Press. p. 15. after a split in the Militant Clergy Association [Jame'e-e Rohaniat-e Mobarez], Rahmani joined the left-wing party known as the Assembly of Militant Clerics, or Majma'-e Rohaniun-e Mobarez.
    • Rahnema, Ali (20 February 2013) [15 December 2008]. "JAMʿIYAT-E MOʾTALEFA-YE ESLĀMI ii. Jamʿiyat-e Moʾtalefa and the Islamic Revolution". Encyclopædia Iranica. Fasc. 5. Vol. XIV. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 483–500. Retrieved 15 March 2016. ...Society of Tehran's Militant Clergy, became largely overshadowed by the left-leaning clerical faction of Society of Tehran's Militant Clerics (Majmaʿ-e ruhāniun-e mobārez-e Tehran).
    • Yadullah Shahibzadeh (2016). Islamism and Post-Islamism in Iran: An Intellectual History. Springer. p. 94. ISBN 9781137578259. With Khomeini's backing, the leftist faction within the Society of Militant Clergy (Jameeh-ye Rouhaniyat-e Mobarez) left the organization and established the Association of Militant Clerics (Majma-e Rouhaniun-e Mobarez).
    • Bashiriyeh, Hossein (Spring–Summer 2001). "Civil Society and Democratisation during Khatami's First Term". Global Dialogue. 3 (2–3). Centre for World Dialogue: 19–26. ISSN 1986-2601. Archived from the original on 7 May 2016. ...Association of Combatant Clerics, which was an important party in the left wing
  32. ^ Brumberg, Daniel, Reinventing Khomeini: The Struggle for Reform in Iran, University of Chicago Press, 2001, p.162
  33. ^ Mneisi, Ahmad. "The power shift within Iran's right wing". Archived from the original on 10 February 2006. Retrieved 19 April 2006. At the Al-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies.
  34. ^ [Wright, Robin, Dreams and Shadows: The Future of the Middle East, Penguin Press, 2008, p.300]
  35. ^ Muhammad Sahimi (12 May 2009). "The Political Groups". Tehran Bureau. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
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