Alexander Iden
Sir Alexander Iden | |
|---|---|
 A fictitious engraving of Alexander seen in the 1864–68 Plays of Shakespeare, vol. II. | |
| High Sheriff of Kent | |
| In office 1456–1456 | |
| Preceded by | Philip Belknap |
| Succeeded by | John Guildford |
| Personal details | |
| Born | c. 1420 Westwell, Kent, England |
| Died | 19 November 1457 London |
| Resting place | St Martin Orgar, City of London[1] |
Sir Alexander Iden (c. 1420 – 19 November 1457) of Westwell was the High Sheriff of Kent in 1456. He is known for capturing Jack Cade, the leader of the 1450 rebellion in south-east England.
Biography
[edit]Very little is known about Iden's early life; it is believed that he was the son of John Barnard Iden (c. 1400–1488) and his wife Helen. It is known that by late 1450 he was married to Elizabeth Fiennes, the daughter of James Fiennes and widow of William Cromer, both of whom had been killed in or near London on July 4 of that year when Jack Cade's Rebellion broke out. The couple had at least two children, a son Thomas in 1453 and a daughter Joan at an unknown date.[citation needed]
On 10 July 1450, Henry VI issued a proclamation offering 1,000 marks (equivalent to around 666 pounds) for Cade's capture, dead or alive; and five marks for anyone who played a part.[2] It is said that Iden and his posse caught up with Cade on 12 July in Heathfield, East Sussex.[3] It is written that the injuries Cade suffered during his capture were so severe that he died before the group could return to London on 15 July. Iden and the other men were given their respective rewards. Cade's corpse was decapitated at Newgate and his head was placed on London Bridge, facing Kent. His body was also quartered.[4]
The rebellion was likely a precursor to the Wars of the Roses, which began in May 1455. It is unknown what side Iden may have taken during the early years of this conflict, as he died in 1457. However, it is plausible to assume that he would have later supported the House of York due to similar feelings amongst close members of his family by the 1460s. His brother-in-law William Fiennes became a knight who fought alongside Edward IV, dying at the Battle of Barnet in 1471. Iden took the position of High Sheriff of Kent in 1456.[5] He died the following year on 19 November. His wife Elizabeth married a third time after his death, to Sir Lawrence Raynsford, who was later High Sheriff of Essex in 1465 and High Sheriff of Wiltshire in 1470.
Popular media
[edit]It is a common misconception that Iden killed Cade immediately upon finding him. This version of events was likely made popular by William Shakespeare's 1591 historical play, Henry VI, Part 2.[6]
This false history was used in the 1963 theatrical adaptation The Wars of the Roses and the subsequent BBC television mini-series that aired in 1965–66, where Iden is played by Malcolm Webster and Cade by Roy Dotrice.[7]
References
[edit]- ^ King, William Louis (1882). Genealogical Memoranda Relating to the Family of King of Maidstone, County Kent. L. Mitchell. p. 18. Retrieved 3 September 2025.
- ^ Benjamin Brogden Orridge (1869). "Illustrations of Jack Cade's rebellion, from researches in the Guildhall records: together with some newly-found letters of Lord Bacon, &c. By B. Brogden Orridge, F.G.S. To which are added contributions by W. Darrant Cooper, F.S.A., on the rising of Cade and his followers in Kent and Sussex". Internet Archive. London: J.C. Hotten. p. 33. Retrieved 24 January 2025.
- ^ I. M. W Harvey (1991). "Jack Cade's rebellion of 1450". Internet Archive. Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press. p. 99. Retrieved 24 January 2025.
- ^ Benjamin Brogden Orridge (1869). "Illustrations of Jack Cade's rebellion, from researches in the Guildhall records: together with some newly-found letters of Lord Bacon, &c. By B. Brogden Orridge, F.G.S. To which are added contributions by W. Darrant Cooper, F.S.A., on the rising of Cade and his followers in Kent and Sussex". Internet Archive. London: J.C. Hotten. p. 34. Retrieved 17 September 2025.
- ^ "General history: Sheriffs of Kent". British History Online. University of London. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
- ^ William Shakespeare (1591). "The Second part of King Henry the Sixth". William MIT Education. p. Act IV Scene X. Retrieved 24 January 2025.
- ^ Peter Hall & John Barton (15 April 1965). "Edward IV – David Warner – Peggy Ashcroft – Ian Holm – The War of The Roses II – 1965 – 4K". Shakespeare Network. Retrieved 25 January 2025 – via YouTube.