Aganane Formation

Aganane Formation
Stratigraphic range: Pliensbachian ~192–184 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Exposed lagoonal sequences of the Aganane Formation in South Todhra
Type	Geological formation
Unit of	High Atlas
Underlies	Ait Athmane Formation Azilal Formation Amezraï Formation Tagoudite Formation
Overlies	Jbel Rat Formation Imi-n-Ifri Formation Imouzzer Formation Talmest-Tazoult Formation
Area	Central High Atlas
Thickness	600 m
Lithology
Primary	Limestone, dolomite
Other	Sandstones, Claystone, Shale, Conglomerate
Location
Coordinates	31°36′N 6°24′W / 31.6°N 6.4°W / 31.6; -6.4
Approximate paleocoordinates	25°54′N 4°18′W / 25.9°N 4.3°W / 25.9; -4.3
Region	Central High Atlas Middle Atlas
Country	Morocco
Type section
Named for	Aganane Village, near Tizouggaghiyn
Aganane Formation (Morocco)

The Aganane Formation is a Pliensbachian (Early Jurassic), with some levels being potentially Latest Sinemurian, geologic formation in the Khenifra, Midelt, Azilal, Béni-Mellal, Ouarzazate, Tinerhir and Errachidia areas, in the Middle and High Atlas of Morocco, being the remnant of a local massive Carbonate platform, and known mostly for its rich tracksites (up to 1350 tracks in 1988) including footprints of dinosaurs.^[1][2][3] Is (in part) coeval with the Calcaires du Bou Dahar.^[4] This unit is know by other multiple synonymous names such as Aït Chitachen, Aït Bazzi, Aghbalou or Assemsouk Formation in the High Atlas and Calcaires de Tizi Nehassa in the Middle Atlas.^[5][6][7]

This formation has been dated to the Pliensbachian stage of the Lower Jurassic, thanks to the find of the ammonite Arieticeras cf. algovianum, indicator of Middle Domerian (=Uppermost Pliensbachian) in the upper zone, and lower delimitation by the foraminifers Mayncina termieri and Orbitopsella praecursor (indicators of Lower Pliensbachian age).^[8]

The Aganane Formation starts at the W sequences referred to either the synonyms "Aït Chitachen/Aït Bazzi" Formations at sectors such as Demnate or Telouet (continental-fluvial, coastal lagoon) and Azilal area.^[9] At Tazoult, part of the Azilal profile contacts the bottom with the karst Talmest-Tazoult Formation, then a section where the Aganane itself indicates an eastward expansion of the carbonate facies, finally, a westward advance of the Imilchil pelagic facies, mostly part of the Jbel Choucht Formation or Ouchbis Formation.^[9]

Lithology

A) Shallowing upward sequence with lower lagoonal marine, then intertidal algal laminations and top cycle an hurricane breccia in a dolomitic matrix; B) Metric emersive cycle with deposition of marine lagoon then dolomitized algal laminations in intertidal to supratidal environment.

The Aganane Formation is a thick carbonate sequence, up to 600 m, stratigraphically positioned between the Imi-n-Ifri Formation (dolomites and limestones) and the Tafraout Group (red sandstones and pelites). Its boundaries are mostly transitional, though local erosional discordances occur.^[10]

Lithologies vary across the basin. In the SW (Demnate area), facies include brecciated dolomites with gypsum lenses, cavernous dolomites, red marls, and basal sandstone-pelitic layers with rhizoliths, indicating episodes of desiccation. Towards Azilal, the unit is dominated by cyclic dolomitic and calcareous beds, with interbedded marls and fossil-rich limestones, organized into three subunits reflecting successive marine to emergent phases.^[11] At Zaouiat Ahansal is divided in 3 sub-units: 1st with red marls and features fossil-rich limestones, evolving from mudstones to oolitic grainstones, capped by an oxidized discontinuity; 2nd mirrors this lithology but spanning packstones to biomicrites with algae and oncoliths and finally the 3rd begins above an emersion surface and ends the formation with thick, fossiliferous limestones transitioning to detrital deposits, marked by tectonic cracks at its top.^[12] Around the Goulmima fault, thick evaporitic successions (gypsum and anhydrite) developed in subsiding sebkhas ("Aghbalou formation"), later redefined as specific facies of this formation.^[7]

Characteristic features include stromatolitic dolomites, diverse microfacies (mudstones, packstones, grainstones, biomicrites), biostromes with large bivalves, intraformational megabreccias, and cyclic deposits with siliceous nodules.^[2] Sedimentary structures such as Stromatolites, Teepee-like features, and desiccation cracks indicate repeated emergence, supporting the interpretation of a dynamic coastal to intertidal depositional system.^[11][13]

Environments

A) Metre-scale peritidal sedimentary cycles in two outcrops 230 km apart, with storm beds and possibly tsunamites include abundant reworked foraminifera. B) Virtual metric "shallowing upward sequence" observed all along (more than 10,000 km) the south Tethyan margin

The Aganane Formation represents the coastal–shallow sector of a large carbonate platform, where diagenetic features consistently recorded environmental changes and may even reflect major events such as Hurricanes.^[14][15] The formation displays marked west–east variations: red marly lagoonal–brackish deposits grade into lagoonal facies (locally evaporitic), then into marly–dolomitic and marly–calcareous lagoonal–marine facies. At the eastern edge of the Afourar map, it becomes coralligenous, integrating with underlying calcareous–dolomitic strata to form a reefal complex. This reefal barrier separated the cephalopod-rich facies of the Inner Atlas, complicating stratigraphic correlations.^[16]

The supratidal sector is diverse, including quartz-rich continental deposits, fluvial channels, and thick gypsum–cargneule successions, along with dolomitic shales and marls containing desiccation cracks, caliche crusts, and pisoliths.^[17] These indicate a continental zone bordering river systems, grading into coastal sabkhas where shales, siltstones, and interstitial evaporites accumulated.^[18][14] North of the Demnate fault, a broad subsiding tidal flat developed, where carbonate deposits with gypsum relics and stromatolitic laminites formed, interspersed with desiccation polygons and gypsum precipitated in sebkhas, suggesting an arid climate.^[10] Along the Demnate fault, lignite layers appear, probably derived from degraded forests to the south, as indicated by root traces in basal sandstones (locally the "Aït-Bazzi Formation") near Aït Tioutline, and laterally expressed as red marls with paleosols and chaotic dolomitic sequences in W Zaouiat Ahansal.^[6] Herbivorous and carnivorous dinosaurs also inhabited these coastal marshlands.^[10]

The Aganane Fm records varied carbonate platform environments: supratidal paleosols (ex. Red Sea mangroves), coastal sabkhas (Imlily, near Dakhla), mangrove-like intertidal settings with stromatolites (ex. Lake Bacalar), and shallow marine microbialite–coral associations (ex. Red Sea).

In the intertidal zone, pelletoid lime packstones and wackestones, often bioturbated, indicate shallow low-energy conditions with variable terrigenous input. Fenestral fabrics and bivalves also support intertidal to shallow subtidal environments.^[17] Mudstones and wackestones with occasional bivalves represent brackish–lagoonal settings, while oolitic cross-bedded grainstones mark high-energy tidal bars. Crinoid and mollusc-rich packstones reflect quieter shoal environments.^[17] Algal laminated boundstones developed in both supratidal and intertidal zones, similar to modern Shark Bay and the Persian Gulf. Pelletoid packstone–wackestone facies likely formed in tidal flats, comparable to present-day mangrove belts.^[18][14] More massive facies with Plicatostylidae bivalves separated tidal flats from open marine deposits with Ammonites, whose extent reached the eastern Azilal margin.^[10]

Subtidal deposits include lagoonal skeletal packstones, oolitic tidal deltas, offshore bars, oncoliths, and coral reefs. Occasional Opisoma bivalves occur, while farther east flint-bearing calcareous shales with ammonites signal more open-marine conditions.^[14][18]

Dinosaur tracks at Tabant

Reefs from Ait Athmane, Aghbalou N'Kerdous and Assemsouk show typical Sinemurian–Pliensbachian Plicatostylidae assemblages.^[19][20][21] Locally, these reefs evolved from shallow subtidal floatstones to layers with lagoonal marls, red mudstones with root traces, and calcrete, indicating subaerial exposure.^[20] The faunas include aberrant Plicatostylidae (Lithioperna, Cochlearites), corals, gastropods, Opisoma, and oncoids, forming sheltered lagoonal communities comparable to the Rotzo Formation of the Trento Platform.^[20] At Jebel Azourki, biofacies include tidal-channel structures, bivalve mounds, cross-bedded channel fills, and clustered bioherms.^[19] The "Assemsouk Structure", a massive bivalve reef (125 m high, 1.25 km long), preserves growth stages with corals and stromatolites, later faulted into a narrow turbiditic trough and buried by marine marls.^[22][23] The depositional environments span from supratidal flats to subtidal zones, with regressive phases marked by barrier islands, followed by anoxic lagoonal shales with coal seams and plant fragments.^[19][24][25]

Diapirism

Modern Farasan Islands within the Red Sea, an analogue of the local Diapirs in the Lower Jurassic. Like their modern counterparts, local diapirs remained as highs respect to surrounding sea, emerging as low tophography Islands.

Modern Farasan Islands within the Red Sea, an analogue of the local Diapirs in the Lower Jurassic. Like their modern counterparts, local diapirs remained as highs respect to surrounding sea, emerging as low tophography Islands.At Talmest-Tazoult, the presence of diapirs (like the "Tazoult salt wall") is remarkable. In the Pliensbachian, this area begins with the deposition of the Jbel Choucht carbonate platform, followed by uplift and salt wall growth causing erosion of the karst and deposition of syn-diapiric breccias, conglomerates, and sandstones (Talmest-Tazoult Formation), and then is invaded from the west by the shallow marine carbonate platform of the Aganane Formation.^[26] At this time, a decrease in the growth rate of the diapir is detected compared to the Sinemurian.^[27] In fact, with the eastward extension of the Aganane Formation, the Tazoult salt wall registers a major change towards shallower facies, confirming a higher diapir relief and a decrease in water depth towards this area during the Pliensbachian, not excluding a complete stop of diapir activity in this interval.^[26] Pliensbachian carbonate platforms likely formed above salt walls, similar to the La Popa Basin (Monterrey). Small-scale karstic cavities filled with meteoric sediments at the platform top further highlight this transition. The Aganane limestones were later overprinted by modified marine fluids during burial, leading to localized dolomitization under reducing conditions. This transformation suggests a late diagenetic phase linked to burial processes, potentially continuing into early shallow burial stages.^[28] The diapirs remained as bathymetric highs and emerged islands that allowed the proliferation of Plicatostylidae and other organism colonies during the deposition of the Aganane Fm, as well they created hemipelagic deeper facies between them.^[28][29]

Climate

The Pliensbachian High Atlas trough, situated within a photozoan-dominated carbonate system that formed in a warm, semi-arid to arid climate.^[21] Clear, nutrient-poor waters supported organisms such as Plicatostylidae, while ooids, evaporites (gypsum), and calcretes indicate high evaporation and limited freshwater input.^[21] The Reef facies featured a nearshore, tropical setting, with dominant Plicatostylidae bivalves and co-existing scleractinian corals, possibly photosymbiotic, suggest warm, clear, oligotrophic conditions.^[30]

Sedimentological evidence, including cross-bedding in oolite and clastic shoals, wind-blown red muds, and fine sands points to strong winds as a primary sediment transport mechanism, comparable to modern Shark Bay (Australia) or Persian Gulf settings. Periodic storms influenced sediment redistribution, forming erosional and depositional features in lagoons and tidal flats.^[17] The surrounding low-lying hinterland experienced little runoff and was primarily eroded by wind.^[17]

Salinity varied across the trough: marginal intertidal zones experienced hypersaline conditions, while central and southern areas maintained near-normal marine salinity during transgressions, as indicated by Ophiomorpha burrows and faunal assemblages.^[17] Intertidal zones intermittently supported salt-tolerant plants, leaving organic seams in low-salinity patches. Sedimentary structures like cross-bedding in oolite and clastic shoals, as well as channel directions, were recorded but showed high variability and no consistent trends, likely due to the complex interplay of tidal currents, islands, promontories, mud mounds, shoals, and storm influences in this tidally dominated environment.^[17]

Depositional settings

Footprints of a giant Sauropodomorph dinosaur, at the top of an emersive "shallowing upward" carbonate cycle

The Aganane Formation records a spectrum of shallow marine to coastal depositional environments during the Pliensbachian. The lower and middle parts are dominated by light gray, dolomitic limestones with rhythmic layering, representing tidal-flat–like coastal zones periodically inundated by seawater. Localities such as Ait Athmane and Tizi n'Terghist preserve rhizoliths, tree trunks, red clay paleosols, and pisoids, indicative of pedogenic or freshwater conditions with episodic exposure.^[20][31][32] Other sites show biodetritic limestones with emersion features, including dolomitization, mud cracks, plant remains, and dinosaur footprints.^[32] Coastal lagoons and supratidal plains—recorded at Assemsouk and Aghbalou N'Kerdous—contain cross-bedded clastic carbonates, microbial structures, and evidence of storm-induced deposition.^[21][25][33] Red and white marls, thin dolomite layers, and evaporites suggest alternating exposure and flooding, reminiscent of modern sabkha environments, with tropical conditions comparable to the Andros Island model in the Bahamas.^[33]

Depositional environments and associated foraminifera of the Aganane Formation

Further offshore, the platform transitions to more open lagoons dominated by shallow marine conditions. Sediments include mud-rich limestones and dark biodetrital limestones, with marine fauna such as lamellibranchs, gastropods, brachiopods, calcareous algae (Palaeodasycladus, Solenopora, etc.) oncoliths and Foraminifers. Large bivalves like Plicatostylidae, form shell beds shaped by tidal currents.^[33][34] Gray, organic-rich sediments indicate low-oxygen, calm-water deposition, with subtidal oncolitic lime wackestones reflecting occasional higher-energy mixing.^[17]

In wave-exposed zones, sediments coarsen and reef-related bioclastic limestones appear, with coral colonies and sea urchins forming patch reefs. These reefs protected inner lagoons, allowing finer sediments to accumulate behind them.^[33]

Frequent episodic storms caused repeated reworking and lateral displacement of facies, generating asymmetric cycles 2-4 meters thick in shallow lagoon bottoms and behind offshore bars or reef belts.^[2] These cycles likely reflect regressive events driven by global sea-level fluctuations and local tectonics, illustrating the dynamic interplay of marine, coastal, and storm-influenced processes.^[2]

Paleogeography

Sinemurian-Pliensbachian Paleogeography of N Africa, with closeup reconstruction of the High Atlas, including the Aganane Fm.

During the Pliensbachian, the region lay at near-tropical latitudes along the western edge of the "Atlas Gulf," facing the Tethys Sea. Deposition was concentrated along the North Atlas Fault, with up to 700 m of carbonates N, while around 200 m S.^[14] This fault line probably marked the northern boundary of a Paleozoic basement peninsula that advanced eastward from the Tichka Massif into the Atlas Trench.^[14] Pre-existing subsidence controlled deposition in areas like Haute Moulouya, Itzer Facies, Causse d’Ajdir, Amezraï, and Aït Bouguemez.^[2][32][35]

Paleogeographic evolution can be summarized in three stages:

• Lower Pliensbachian ("Carixian"): tidal flats and subtidal platforms on the southern slopes of the Central High Atlas; Plicatostylidae colonized areas along the NE-SW fault separating the Tilougguite trough from its northwest platform.^[6][36]
• Middle Pliensbachian ("Carixian–Domerian"): marine expansion along the western High Atlas Basin with rhythmic carbonates in the Tilougguit Trench, turbidites on the SE edge of the Beni-Mellal platform, and subsident lagoons in other sectors.^[6] Key faults include the Demnate Fault and North Atlas Fault, while the Telouet Graben remained stable.^[36]
• Upper Pliensbachian (Upper Domerian): contrasted platform conditions with emersion at Demnate, paleosols and karst development, lignite deposits along active faults, carbonate and terrigenous sedimentation in small basins like Tamadout and Taquat N’Agrd, and shoals at Jbel Taguendouft. Central zones deepened near Jbel Azourki-Jbel Aroudane, forming the early structural framework of the High Atlas basin.^[36]

Foraminifera

Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon		Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Local Foraminifers have been the major reference to establish the local different environmental settings, as its distribution is clearly based on cyclic sedimentary evolution: the base banks "Term A" represents a shallow subtidal setting with rich thanatocoenosis of Siphovalvulina, Mayncina or Orbitopsella, associated with an intensely bioturbated environment, analogous to present Bahamas, Florida or Persian Gulf.^[33] In the Aganane type section limestone beds (biopelmicrite) rich in Orbilopsella, Haurania or Pseudopfenderina could be interpreted as brought by tidal currents covering the supratidal zone. In "Term B" a thanatocoenosis of monospecific Foraminifera with Mayncina termieri, Pseudopfenderina or Lituosepta compressa are common, interpreted as allochthonous, resulting from sorting in an intertidal environment higher than supratidal, under or alternated with the supratidal laminations and the storm breccias, as well in rarer cases covering (aeolian origin?) surface of the supratidal coastal plain.^[33] The Aganane Foraminifera in Terms "D" and "E" underwent significant evolutionary and environmental changes.^[37] During D, the foraminiferal population was dominated by Planisepta, a smaller morphovariant of Lituosepta, which persisted after the decline of larger orbitopsellids like Orbitopsella due to internal biological factors and mechanical instability related to their large size. The population remained stable until the Middle Domerian anoxic crisis, which triggered a microfaunal turnover. E saw the emergence of smaller, simpler foraminifera such as Haurania gracilis and Paleocyclammina liasica, adapted to eutrophic lagoon conditions.^[37]

Genus	Species	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Amijiella[38]	A. amiji	Aït-Abbès Jbel Tarkeddid Tizi Isli Tizi Nehassa Wazzant	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the family Hauraniidae
Ammobaculites[5]	A. sp.	Tizi Nehassa	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the Ammomarginulininae family.
Dentalina[31]	D. sp.	Ait Athmane	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the Nodosariinae family.
Eariandia[10]	E. sp.	Aït-Abbès	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the family Earlandiidae.
Eggerella[12]	E. sp.	Tazoult	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the Eggerellidae family.
Everticyclammina[12][39][40][41]	E. praevirguliana E. sp.	Aganane/Assist Ait Athmane Barda Bernai Jbel Choucht Tazoult	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the Everticyclamminidae family.
Glomospira[10][40]	G. sp.	Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Assif Oum Tizi Isli Tizi Nehassa	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the family Ammodiscidae.
Glomospirella[40]	G. sp	Ait Athmane	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the family Ammovertellininae.
Haurania[10][12][37]	H. gracilis H. deserta	Aït-Abbès Barda Jbel Choucht Jbel Tarkeddid Tazoult Tizi Isli Tizi Nehassa Wazzant	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the family Hauraniidae
Lituosepta[38][39]	L. recoarensis L. compressa	Aganane Aît Bou Guemez Aït Blal Assif Oum Assist Bernai Assist Lakhdar Chaaba Touila Gorges de Taghia Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Asmir Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Moulay Yacoub Nit Blal-Tacht Tadghouit Wazzant	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the Mesoendothyridae family.
Meandrospira[12]	M. sp.	Barda Jbel Choucht Talmest-Tazoult	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the Cornuspiridae family.
Mesoendothyra[10][12][39][40]	M. croatica M. sp.	Aganane Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assist Bernai Jbel Choucht Tazoult Wazzant	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the Mesoendothyridae family.
Nodosaria[40]	N. sexcostata N. sp.	Ait Athmane	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the family Nodosariinae.
Ophtalmidium[40]	O. concentricum O. martanum O. sp.	Ait Athmane Tizi Nehassa	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the family Ophthalmidiidae.
Orbitopsella[10][38][39]	O. primaeva O. praecursor	Aganane Aït Blal Alt Bou Guemez Assif Bernal Assif Lakhdar Assif Imejdag Col d'Adoumaz Col du R'nim Col (Tizi) n-Toudat Gorges du Makin Gorges de Taghia Jbel Choucht Jbel Mahan Jbel Rhat Taclghouit Jbel Tadaghas Jbel Tafenfent Jbel Tarkeddid Wazzant	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the Mesoendothyridae family.
Paleomayncina[12][38][39]	P. termieri	Aganane Aït Blal Assist Bernai Barda Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Tazoult Wazzant	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the Mesoendothyridae family.
Planisepta[40][38]	P. compressa	Ait Athmane	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the Mesoendothyridae family.
Planiinvoluta[12]	P. carinata	Barda	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the Cornuspiridae family.
Pseudocyclammina[12][37][39]	P. liasica	Aït Blal Barda Jbel Choucht Jbel Tarkeddid Tazoult Tizi Isli Tizi Nehassa Wazzant	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the Pfenderinidae family.
Pseudopfenderina[10][38][39]	P. butterlini	Aganane Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Assist Bernai Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Wazzant	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the Pfenderinidae family.
Siphovalvulina[10][38][39][40]	S. colomi S. gibraltarensis S. sp.	Aganane Ait Athmane Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assist Bernai Tizi Isli Wazzant	Isolated Tests/Shells	A foraminifer of the Pfenderinidae family.

Invertebrates

Ichnofossils

Genus	Species	Location	Material	Made by	Images
Arenicolites[33][39]	A. ispp.	Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Aït Bou Guemez Amagour Assif Bernal Assif Lakhdar Assif Imejdag Col d'Adoumaz Col du R'nim Col (Tizi) n-Toudat Gorges du Makin Gorges de Taghia Jbel Choucht Jbel Ikis Jbel Mahan Jbel Rhat Jbel Taabest Taclghouit Jbel Tadaghas Jbel Tafenfent Jbel Tarkeddid Taberhout Tazergount Tizi Nehassa Wazzant	Borrowing Traces	Polychaetes (Spionida and Carpitellida) Crustaceans (Amphipodan). Sipuncula	Example of Arenicolites specimens
Asterosoma[42]	A. ispp.		Bulb-like swelling burrows	Annelids Sipuncula
Chomatichnus[33][39]	C. wegberensis		Tubular Fodinichnia	Decapoda Annelids (Polychaeta) Sipuncula
Chondrites[33][39]	C. ispp.		Tubular Fodinichnia	Annelids (Polychaeta) Sipuncula	Example of Chondrites trace fossil
Cruziana[42]	C. ispp.		Ribbon-like furrows	Xiphosura Isopoda	Example of Cruziana trace
Gastrochaenolites[42]	G. ispp.		clavate-shaped to flask-shaped tubes	Bivalves	Example of Gastrochaenolites
Glossifungites[42]	G. ispp.		Infilled abandoned burrows	Priapulida Serpulidae Siboglinidae Sabellidae Oweniidae
Ophiomorpha[42]	O. irregulaire O. nodosa O. ispp.		Tubular Fodinichnia	Decapodans	Example of Ophiomorpha trace fossil
Rhizocorallium[33][39]	R. parallelum R. ispp.		Tubular Fodinichnia	Crustaceans Annelids Bony Fish	Example of Rhizocorallium specimens .
Skolithos[33][39]	S. ispp.		Cylindrical to subcylindrical burrows	Polychaetes Phoronidans	Representation of Skolithos along the possible makers .
Thalassinoides[33][39]	T. suevicus T. ispp.		Tubular Fodinichnia	Decapoda Annelids (Polychaeta) Sipuncula Bony Fish Dipnoi	Example of Thalassinoides specimens .
Teichichnus[42]	T. ispp.		Vertical to oblique burrows	Polychaetes Phoronidans
Zoophycos[33][39]	Z. ispp.		Dwelling traces	Polychaetes (Spionida and Carpitellida) Deposit-feeding Sipuncula	Example of Zoophycos fossil

Hydrozoa

Genus	Species	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Spongiomorpha[18]	S. (Heptastylopsis) sp.	Aganane Jbel Azourki Tizi n'Tizint	Imprints	A hydrozoan, member of the family Spongiomorphidae

Anthozoa

Genus	Species	Stratigraphic Position	Material	Notes	Images
Actinastreidae[30]	Indeterminate	Ait Athmane	Colonial Imprints	Thamnasterioid corals	Actinaraea, example of Actinastreid
Ampakabastraea[20]	A. sp.	Ait Athmane	Imprints	A solitary coral of the family Stylinidae.
Archaeosmilia[20][30]	A. beata A. sp.	Ait Athmane	Imprints	A solitary coral of the family Zardinophyllidae.
Archaeosmiliopsis[20]	A. sp.	Ait Athmane	Colonial Imprints	A coral of the family Archaeosmiliidae.
Eocomoseris[30]	E. sp.	Ait Athmane	Colonial Imprints	A thamnasterioid coral of the family Archaeosmiliidae.
Icaunhelia[30]	I. sp.	Ait Athmane	Imprints	A solitary coral of the family Archaeosmiliidae
Oppelismilia[19][24]	O. sp.	Assemsouk	Imprints	A coral of the family Oppelismiliidae.
Paleomillepora[30]	P. sp.	Ait Athmane	Colonial Imprints	A plocoid coral of the family Spongiocoenia
Phacelostylophyllum[19][24]	P. sp.	Assemsouk	Colonial Imprints	A coral of the family Stylophyllidae.
Phacelophyllia[19]	P. sp.	Ait Athmane	Colonial Imprints	A coral of the family Dermosmiliidae.
Periseris[19]	P. sp.	Ait Athmane	Colonial Imprints	A coral of the family Latomeandridae.
Proleptophyllia?[30]	P?. sp.	Ait Athmane	Imprints	A solitary coral of the family Dermosmiliidae
Reimaniphyllidae[30]	Indeterminate	Ait Athmane	Imprints	Solitary corals
Retiophyllia[20][43]	R. zizensis R. spp.	Ait Athmane	Colonial Imprints	A coral of the family Reimaniphylliidae. It belongs to the otherwise common Triassic genus Retiophyllia.
Stylophyllidae[30]	Indeterminate	Ait Athmane	Colonial Imprints	Phaceloid corals	Thecosmilia, example of Stylophyllid
Thamnasteria[20][43]	T. cf. mettensis	Ait Athmane	Colonial Imprints	A thamnasterioid coral of the family Thamnasteriidae.	Thamnasteria specimens

Porifera

Genus	Species	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Caunopora[18]	C. spp.	Aganane Jbel Azourki Tizi n'Tizint	Imprints	Incertade Sedis, maybe a symbiotic Coral-Sponge, and likely Stromatoporoidea
Cladocoropsis[33][44]	C. mirabilis C. spp.	Aganane Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Jbel Tarkeddid Wazzant	Colonial Imprints	An Axinellidan demosponge of the family Cladocoropsidae.	Extant relative, Axinella
Stylothalamia[45]	S. columnaris	Ain Kahla to Ain Leuh	Imprints	A Dictyoceratidan demosponge of the family Verticillitidae

Brachiopoda

Genus	Species	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Aulacothyris[35]	A. resupinata A. sp.	Boumia Mudeli-Milhadène Dades Gorges	Isolated Shells	A Brachiopodan of the family Zeilleriidae
Calcirhynchia[35][46]	C. moghrabiensis C. spp.	Boumia Mudeli-Milhadène Tizi n’Talrhemt	Isolated Shells	A Brachiopodan of the family Cirpinae. It was originally identified as part of the genus Rhynchonella
Gibbirhynchia[5][47]	G. ageri G amalthei G. northamptonensis	Tizi Nehassa Dades Gorges	Isolated Shells	A Brachiopodan member of the family Tetrarhynchiidae
Grandirhynchia[48]	G (Rhynchonella) laevigata	Tillouguit	Isolated Shells	A Brachiopodan member of the family Tetrarhynchiidae
Hesperithyris[16][46][48][49]	H. atlantis H. ifranensis H. termieri H. renierii[35] H. cf. sinuosa[35]	Azrou[50] Boumia Col du Tarhzeft Jebel Hebri Mudeli-Milhadène Tazergount Tazioualt Tizi Nehassa	Isolated Shells	A Brachiopodan of the family Zeilleriidae
Liospiriferina[5][47]	L. praerostrata	Tizi Nehassa	Isolated Shells	A Brachiopodan of the family Spiriferinidae	Liospiriferina specimens
Lobothyris[47][51]	L. punctata L. subpunctata	Tizi Nehassa Tizi n'Tizint	Isolated Shells	A Brachiopodan of the family Lobothyrididae	Lobothyris specimen (from Spain)
Parathyridina[47][51]	P. mediterranea	Tizi Nehassa	Isolated Shells	A Brachiopodan of the family Zeilleriidae. A taxon living on the inner carbonate platforms rarely communicating with the open sea.
Spiriferina[46][48]	S. falloti S. moeschi[35] S. alpina[35] S. rostrata[35] S. tumida S. obtusa S. sp.	Boumia Mudeli-Milhadène S d'Ouaouizarthe Tillouguit Tizi n'Tizint	Isolated Shells	A Brachiopodan of the family Spiriferinidae
Sulcirostra[51]	S. brusinai	Bab-el-Hari	Isolated Shells	A Brachiopodan of the family Dimerellidae
Tetrarhynchia[51]	T. tounatensis T. ageri	Jebel Hebri Tizi Nehassa Tounat-el-Mariz	Isolated Shells	A Brachiopodan member of the family Tetrarhynchiidae
"Terebratula"[18][51]	"T." hebbriensis "T." spp.	Jebel Hebri Tounat-el-Mariz Dades Valley	Isolated Shells	A Brachiopodan member of the family Terebratulidae	Terebratula specimens
Zeilleria[12][51]	Z. undulata Z. sarthacensis Z. guerangeri Z. ssp.	Barda Tizi Nehassa Tizi n'Tizint Zawyat Ahançal	Isolated Shells	A Brachiopodan of the family Zeilleriidae	Zeilleria specimens (from Spain)

Bivalves

Genus	Species	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Arcomytilus[19][24]	A. furcatus	Assemsouk Tazioualt	Isolated Shells	A saltwater bivalve of the family Mytilidae.
Cochlearites[10][19][20][24][52]	C. loppianus C. spp.	Aganane Aghbalou N'Kerdous[21] Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assemsouk Assist Bernai Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Tizi Nehassa Tizi n'Tizint	Isolated Shells	A saltwater bivalve of the family Plicatostylidae. Its accumulations generally cover megalodontid coquinas.	Cochlearites
Eomiodon[19][24]	E. serradensis E. spp.	Aganane Aït Blal Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Assemsouk Jbel Tarkeddid	Isolated Shells	A saltwater/brackish bivalve of the family Neomiodontidae. This genus is considered an opportunistic suspension feeder of shallow infauna, and the marker genus for brackish environments.[53]
Fimbria[19][24]	F. trulla F. spp.	Assemsouk Tizi n'Tizint	Isolated Shells	A saltwater bivalve of the family Lucinidae.	Example of extant specimen
Gervilleia[16][18]	G. termieri G. spp.	Tazergount	Isolated Shells	A saltwater bivalve of the family Bakevelliidae.
Gervilleioperna[19][24]	G. atlanta G. termierii G. spp.	Ait Athmane Assemsouk Boumia Mudeli-Milhadène Tizi Nehassa	Isolated Shells	A saltwater bivalve of the family Plicatostylidae.	Gervillioperna
Gryphaea[20][31]	G. (Bilobissa) sp.	Ait Athmane	Isolated Shells	A saltwater/brackish bivalve of the family Gryphaeidae	Specimen of the genus
Liogryphaea[19][24][31]	L. arcuata L. spp.	Ait Athmane Assemsouk	Isolated Shells	A saltwater bivalve of the family Gryphaeidae. This genus develops a noted material oyster biostrome at Aït Athmane, where a discontinuous, patchy layer is formed, developed under submarine lithification and a relative enrichment in terrigenous matter.[31]	Specimens of the genus
Lithioperna[12][19][20][52]	L. scutata L. spp.	Aganane Aghbalou N'Kerdous[21] Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assemsouk Assist Bernai Barda Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Tazoult Tizi Isli[5] Tizi Nehassa Tizi n'Tizint	Isolated Shells	A saltwater bivalve of the family Plicatostylidae. This genus was founded to be a bivalve with a juvenile byssate stage that developed different lifestyles in adulthood depending on the density of individuals and the firmness of the bottom.	Lithioperna
Lucina[18][19][24]	L. spp.	Assemsouk Tizi n'Tizint	Isolated Shells	A saltwater/brackish bivalve of the family Lucinidae. Linked with intertidal settings	Specimen of the genus
Megalodon?[24]	M.? sp.	Assemsouk	Isolated Shells	A saltwater bivalve of the family Megalodontidae	Specimens of the genus
Modiolus[18]	M. tirolensis M. cf. hillana	Ait Athmane	Isolated Shells	A saltwater bivalve of the family Mytilidae	Example of extant specimen
Nanogyra[20][31]	N. sp.	Ait Athmane	Isolated Shells	A saltwater/brackish bivalve of the family Gryphaeidae
Opisoma[12][19][20][31][52]	O. menchikoffi O. excavatum O. bourcarti[35] O. spp.	Ait Athmane Aghbalou N'Kerdous[21] Assemsouk Barda Bou Dahar Chaaba Touila Grand Pic de l'Ouarsenis Jbel Choucht Tazoult Tizi Nehassa Tizi n'Tizint	Isolated Shells	A saltwater/brackish bivalve of the family Astartidae. Is considered a genus that evolved from shallow burrowing ancestors, secondarily becoming an edge-lying semi-fauna adapted to photosymbiosis.[54]
Pachygervillia[55]	P. anguillaensis	Aganane Aghbalou N'Kerdous[21] Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assemsouk Jbel Tarkeddid	Isolated Shells	A saltwater bivalve of the family Plicatostylidae.	Pachygervillia
Pachyrisma[19][31][52]	P. crassa P. opimun P. spp.	Aganane Aghbalou N'Kerdous[21] Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assemsouk Assist Bernai Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid	Isolated Shells	A saltwater bivalve of the family Pachyrismatidae
Pecten[19][24][31]	P. juhanus P. dieulefait[35] P. spp.	Ait Athmane Assemsouk Boumia Dades Gorges Mudeli-Milhadène Tizi n'Tizint	Isolated Shells	A saltwater bivalve of the family Pectinidae	Example of extant specimen
"Perna"[18]	"P". spp.	Tizi n'Tizint	Isolated shells	A saltwater bivalve of the family Pteriidae	Perna specimens
Phacoides[18]	P. spp.	Ait Toumerte	Isolated shells	A saltwater/brackish bivalve of the family Lucinidae.	Specimens of the genus
Pholadomya[18][19][24]	P. scutata P. voltzi	Assemsouk Dades Gorges	Isolated Shells	A saltwater bivalve of the family Pholadomyidae	Specimens of the genus
Plagiostoma[20][31]	P. gigantea	Ait Athmane	Isolated Shells	A saltwater/brackish bivalve of the family Limidae	Specimens of P. gigantea
Protodiceras[19][31][52]	P. pumilum P. spp.	Aganane Aghbalou N'Kerdous[21] Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assemsouk Assist Bernai Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Asmir Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid	Isolated Shells	A saltwater bivalve of the family Pachyrismatidae
Pseudopachymytilus[20]	P. sp.	Aghbalou N'Kerdous[21] Ait Athmane	Isolated Shells	A saltwater bivalve of the family Myalinidae.

Gastropoda

Genus	Species	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Boehmia[18]	B. speciosa	Dades Valley	Isolated shells	A saltwater gastropod of the family Acteonidae
Cerithiella[18]	C. africana	Tizi n'Tizint	Isolated shells	A saltwater gastropod of the family Newtoniellidae	Cerithiella specimen
Ceritella[47]	C. (Fibula) spp.	Tizi Nehassa	Isolated Shells	A saltwater gastropod of the family Ceritellidae
Coelostylina[18]	C. chartroni	Jbel Tarkeddid	Isolated shells	A saltwater gastropod of the family Coelostylinidae
Encyclomphalus[18]	E. spp.	Tizi n'Tizint	Isolated Shells	A saltwater gastropod of the family Pleurotomariidae
Fibulella[18]	F. nicolai F. (Fibula?) afra	Tizi n'Tizint	Isolated shells	A saltwater gastropod of the family Ceritellidae
Nerinea[16][19][24]	N. spp.	Aganane Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assemsouk Tazergount Jbel Tarkeddid	Isolated Shells	A saltwater gastropod of the family Nerineidae.	Specimen of the genus
Neritina[18]	N. spp.	Tizi n'Tizint	Isolated shells	A saltwater gastropod of the family Neritidae	Specimen of the genus
Procerithium[18]	P. canescens P. spp.	Aganane Aït-Abbès Jbel Azourki Tazergount Tizi n'Tizint	Isolated Shells	A saltwater gastropod of the family Procerithiidae
Pseudomelania[18]	P. (Oonia) marucchiensis	Tizi n'Tizint	Isolated shells	A saltwater gastropod of the family Pseudomelaniidae
Pseudonerinea[10][16]	P. terebra P. spp.	Aït-Abbès Tazergount	Isolated Shells	A saltwater gastropod of the family Nerineidae
Scurriopsis[19][24]	S. (Scurria?) parma S. spp.	Assemsouk	Isolated Shells	A saltwater gastropod of the family Nerineidae.	Specimens of the genus

Ammonites

Genus	Species	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Arieticeras[8]	A. ceratitoïdes A. cf. algovianum	Aït Blal Aït-Abbès	Isolated Shells	An ammonite of the family Hildoceratidae. Arieticeras cf. algovianum is indicative of the Middle Domerian (Upper Pliensbachian) in the upper zone	Example of Arieticeras specimens
Fontanelliceras[8]	F. sp.	Zawyat Ahançal	Isolated Shells	An ammonite of the family Hildoceratidae
Fuciniceras[8]	F. confungens F. lavinianum F. ambiguum F. cf.cornacaldense F. sp.	Aït-Haceïne Almou-n'Tarzekt S d'Ouaouizarthe	Isolated Shells	An ammonite of the family Hildoceratidae
Galaticeras[8]	G. aegoceroides	S d'Ouaouizarthe	Isolated Shells	An ammonite of the family Lytoceratidae
Lioceratoides[8]	L. sp.	Tillouguit	Isolated Shells	An ammonite of the family Hildoceratidae
Protogrammoceras[8]	P. contrarium P. marianii P. (Argutarpites) praeexeratus P. (Argutarpites) pectinatus	Aït-Haceïne S d'Ouaouizarthe Tillouguit	Isolated Shells	An ammonite of the family Hildoceratidae
Proamaltheus[8]	P. sp.	Moulay Yacoub	Isolated Shells	An ammonite of the family Amaltheinae	Example of Proamaltheus (Amaltheus) specimen
Reynesoceras[8]	R. ragazzonii	Aït-Haceïne	Isolated Shells	An ammonite of the family Dactylioceratidae

Annelida

Genus	Species	Stratigraphic position	Material	Habitat	Notes	Images
Serpulidae[33]	Indeterminate	Aganane Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assemsouk Assist Bernai Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid	Isolated or accumulated tubes	Marine or Lagoonal	A sessile Annelid of the family Serpulidae.	Example of modern Serpulid Tube

Decapoda

Genus	Species	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Favreina[10][33]	F. salevensis F. spp.	Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Assemsouk Jbel Tarkeddid	Coprolites	Decapodan fossil coprolites, assigned to the ichnofamily Favreinidae. Referred to Axiidea-like burrowing crustaceans	Extant Axiidean
Parafavreina[10][33]	P. thoronetensis P. spp.	Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Assemsouk Jbel Tarkeddid	Coprolites

Echinodermata

Genus	Species	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Atlasaster[35]	A. termieri	Boumia Mudeli-Milhadène	Isolated Individuals	An echinoid, member of the group Irregularia
Firmacidaris[18]	F. ssp.	Tizi n'Tizint Zawyat Ahançal	Isolated Individuals	An echinoid, Incertade Sedis
Pentacrinites[18]	P. ssp.	Aganane Jbel Azourki Tizi n'Tizint Zawyat Ahançal	Columnals	A Crinoid of the family Pentacrinidae	Reconstruction
Pseudocidaris[18]	P. ssp.	Tizi n'Tizint Zawyat Ahançal	Isolated Individuals	An echinoid, member of the family Hemicidaridae	Reconstruction

Dinosauria

Theropoda

Genus	Species	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Carmelopodus?[56][57][58]	C?. isp.	Ibaqualliwn Tabant	Footprints	Incertae sedis within Neotheropoda, maybe ceratosaur tracks. Includes some large tracks.[59][58]	The footprints of Carmelopodus belong to a genus with a pes similar to Ceratosaurus, yet does not implicate is a member of the family or a relative
"Carnosauria"[56][57]	Indeterminate	Ait Bou Oulli Assif-n-Sremt Ibaqualliwn Talsnant Tabant Tizi Asdremt Tizi-n-Aït Imi	Footprints	incertae sedis within Theropoda. 64 footprints of medium to large (30–55 cm) theropods referred as "Morphotype 3", some with resemblance to Allosauroid pes (Megalosauripus? ispp.).[59]	The footprints of Megalosauripus belong to a genus with a pes similar to Allosaurus, yet does not implicate is a member of the family or a relative
Coelurosaurichnus[1][56][57][60]	C. (Argoides?) isp. C. (Dromaeosauripus?) isp. C. ispp.	Aït Blal	Footprints	Member of the ichnofamily Grallatoridae, incertae sedis within Theropoda. Up to 96 tracks of small theropods, referred originally to "Morphotype 1", and usually attributed to dinosaurs similar to Coelophysidae and Dilophosaurus. Includes didactyl, tridactyl and tetradactyl tracks, as well as pathologic trackways with evidence of limping.[1] Has been suggested to be tracks from tridactyl taxa under different conditions.[61]	An example of Coelurosaurichnus (Grallator) track
Eubrontes[56][62]	E. isp. Cf.E. isp.	Aït Blal Akourbi Iskatafene Ansous Ibaqualliwn Issil-n-Aït Arbi[63] Tabant Taouddaat[64] Tizi-n-Aït Imi Waougoulzat Wanechki	Footprints	Type member of the ichnofamily Eubrontidae, incertae sedis inside Theropoda. Eubrontes is usually related to the genus Dilophosaurus, representing basal Neotheropods. The local record includes up to 208 tracks, referred as "Morphotype 2".[56]	An example of Eubrontes track
Theropoda[1][56][60]	Indeterminate	Akourbi Aït Blal Ansous[65] Arhbalou n'Kerdous[66] Ibaqualliwn Iba Ziz Issil-n-Aït Arbi[63] Tabant Taouddaat[66][64] Sidi Moussa Waougoulzat	Footprints	Incertae sedis.

Sauropodomorpha

Several tracks, classified under a "Morphotype 3", were originally attributed to Thyreophoran (Stegosaur?) dinosaurs, even recently suggested to come from the ichnogenera Deltapodus?, Luluichnus? and Tetrapodosaurus?.^[65][67] It must be noted that this tracks are badly preserved and unusually large for an armoured dinosaur of early jurassic age (some up to 60 cm), and so likely are misidentified Sauropodomorph tracks.^[58]

Genus	Species	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Breviparopus[56][68]	B. isp.	Ahbak	Footprints	Incertae sedis within Sauropoda. Includes traces with pes similar to Diplodocoidea, but also others that resemble basal sauropods.[68][69]	Breviparopus are referred to taxa like Haplocanthosaurus, yet it doesn't mean they were made by it
Liujianpus[56][58][70]	L. (Lavinipes?) isp. Aff.L.? isp.	Assif-n-Sremt Ibaqualliwn Tabant	Footprints	Incertae sedis within Sauropodomorpha. Described as the "Morphotype 1" Includes traces with pes similar to those of basal quadrupedal forms like Blikanasaurus or Melanorosauridae.[69] Referred to quadrupedal taxa such as Gongxianosaurus.[58] Alternatively, the tracks, or some of them, can belong to the ichnogenus Lavinipes.[71]
Otozoum[58][63][72][73]	O. moodii O. isp.	Ibaqualliwn Issil-n-Aït Arbi Timit	Footprints	Type member of the ichnofamily Otozoidae, incertae sedis within Sauropodomorpha. Cuadrupedal or semibipedal, includes a gigantic 84 or 75 cm track that represents the largest Otozoum ever described in the literature.[72][73]	The local Footprints of Otozoum may have belonged to a genus similar to that of Lamplughsaura
Parabrontopodus[63][68]	P. ispp. Aff.P. isp.	Aguer-n-Ouzrou Aguerd Ansous Ibaqualliwn Tabant Tigharguenine Tizi-n-Aït Waougoulzat	Footprints	Typical member of the ichnofamily Parabrontopodidae, incertae sedis within Sauropoda. Includes tracks with pes similar to those of Vulcanodon, Rhoetosaurus, Barapasaurus or Eusauropoda.[69] Tracks referred to the stegosaurian ichnogenus Deltapodus? locally are actually of sauropod origin, likely "Parabrontopodid", probably a new ichnogenus.[58][65]	The Footprints of Parabrontopodus may have belonged to a genus similar to that of Vulcanodon
Pseudotetrasauropus[63]	P. isp.	Issil-n-Aït Arbi	Footprints	Incertae sedis within Sauropodomorpha. Referred to semibipedal sauropodomorphs, like Kholumolumo.[74]	The prints of Pseudotetrasauropus may have belonged to a genus similar to that of Wudingloong
Sauropodomorpha[63][60]	Indeterminate	Aguer-n-Ouzrou Assif-n-Sremt Jbel Azourki Ibaqualliwn Iba'ziz Issil-n-Aït Arbi Tabant Tizi-n-Aït Tigharguenine Timit	Footprints	Incertae sedis.
Sauropoda[56][57]	Indeterminate	Ahbak Ait Waggown Ansous Tizi-n-Aït Tabant Timit Iba'ziz Taouddaat[64] Tigharguenine Waougoulzat	Footprints	Incertae sedis.

Ornithischia

Genus	Species	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Moyenisauropus[75]	M. isp.	Taouddaat	Footprints	Incertae sedis within Thyreophora. While the tracks can resemble Iguanodon-alike pes, biomorphic-morphometric characters can only be associated with thyreophorans, what would support the bipedalism theory for this taxa.[75]	The Footprints of Moyenisauropus may have belonged to a genus similar to that of Scelidosaurus.

Rhodophyta

Genus	Species	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Permocalculus[12]	P. sp.	Barda Jbel Choucht Tazoult	Calcareous Imprints	A Red alga of the Gymnocodiaceae family.
Pycnoporidium[10]	P. sp.	Aït-Abbès	Calcareous Imprints	A Red Alga of the family Solenoporaceae	Example of modern crustose coralline algae, an equivalent of extinct Solenopores
Solenopora[16][76]	S. liasica S. spp.	Aganane Aït Blal Assist Bernai Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Wazzant	Calcareous Imprints	A Red Alga of the family Solenoporaceae

Viridiplantae

Genus	Species	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Acicularia[12]	A. sp.	Jbel Choucht	Calcareous Imprints	A Green alga of the Dasycladaceae family.
Agathoxylon[18]	A. ("Dadoxylon") sp.	Tizi n'Tizint	Fossil Wood	Conifer Wood of the family Araucariaceae	Extant Araucarian Woods
Boueina[12][33][76]	B. hochstetteri B. spp.	Aganane Aït Blal Assist Bernai Barda Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Tazoult Wazzant	Calcareous Imprints	A Green alga of the Halimedaceae or Udoteaceae family.	Example of Modern Udotea
Cayeuxia[39][76]	C. liasica C. spp.	Aganane Aït Blal Assif Oum Assist Bernai Chaaba Touila Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Tizi Nehassa Wazzant	Calcareous Imprints	A Green alga of the Halimedaceae or Udoteaceae family.
Classopollis[77]	C. quezelii C. yvesi	LM494, Demnate	Pollen	Conifer Pollen, type of the family Hirmeriellaceae
Cupressacites[77]	C. oxycedroides	LM494, Demnate	Pollen	Conifer Pollen of the family Cupressaceae(?)	Local Cupressaceous(?) pollen may have come from a taxon similar to extant Taxodium
Cylindroporella[12]	C. sp.	Tazoult	Calcareous Imprints	A Green alga of the Dasycladaceae family.
Diadocupressacites[77]	D. moghrebiensis	LM494, Demnate	Pollen	Conifer Pollen of the family Cupressaceae(?)
Fanesella[31]	F. dolomitica	Ait Athmane	Calcareous Imprints	A Green alga of the Dasycladaceae family.
Paleodasycladus[12][39][76]	P. elongatus P. fragilis P. mediterraneus P. anae P. spp.	Aganane Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assemsouk Assif Oum Assist Bernai Chaaba Touila Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Asmir Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Ibaqualliwn Tazoult Wazzant	Calcareous Imprints	A Green alga of the Dasycladaceae family.	Palaeocladus mediterraneus specimens
Pseudolithocodium[33]	P. sp.	Aganane Aït Blal Assist Bernai Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Wazzant	Calcareous Imprints	A Green alga, likely a member of the Ulotrichales group.
Sestrosphera[39][76]	S. liasina	Aganane Aït Blal Assist Bernai Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Wazzant	Calcareous Imprints	A Green alga of the Triploporellaceae family.
Terquemella[5]	T. spp.	Tizi Isli	Calcareous Imprints	A Green alga of the Bornetellaceae family.
Thaumatoporella[12][39][76]	T. parvovesiculifera T. spp.	Aganane Aït Blal Assist Bernai Barda Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Tizi Isli[5] Tizi Nehassa Tazoult Wazzant	Calcareous Imprints	A Green alga of the Thaumatoporellales group

Photo Gallery

• 
  Desiccation cracks in a dolomitized limestone bench, emersive cycle top of the Lagoon
• 
  Ammonites and belemnites displaced on the supratidal plain ("teepee") by a storm wave or a tidal current
• 
  Storm breach at the top of a metric regressive sequence
• 
  Vadose pisoliths and "birdseyes" in coastal carbonate sand, emergent; outer shelf
• 
  Aerial, supratidal (vadose) diagenesis in a carbonate sand with foraminifera displaced by tidal currents and storm waves on the shelf
• 
  Thin layer: calcretes (calcareous crusts) reworked in a gravelly coastal sediment, partly dolomitized
• 
  Stalactite cement at the top of a "keystone vug" typical of diagenesis in a vadose environment, at the top of an emersive cycle (L=0.3 mm)
• 
  Calcretes (calcareous crust) and "birdseyes" in a gravelly coastal sediment
• 
  Diagenetic structure in "teepee" on the supratidal plain, formed by the increase in volume of the sediment following the crystallization of carbonates (dolomite)
• 
  Hurricane Breccia, with dolomitic matrix. Top of emersive cycle.

See also

• List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations
  • List of stratigraphic units with theropod tracks
  • List of stratigraphic units with sauropodomorph tracks
  • List of stratigraphic units with ornithischian tracks

References

1. Ishigaki, Shinobu; Lockley, Martin G. (March 2010). "Didactyl, tridactyl and tetradactyl theropod trackways from the Lower Jurassic of Morocco: evidence of limping, labouring and other irregular gaits". Historical Biology. 22 (1–3): 100–108. Bibcode:2010HBio...22..100I. doi:10.1080/08912961003789867.
2. Hauptmann, Manfred (1990). "Untersuchungen zur Mikrofazies, Stratigraphie und Paläogeographie jurassischer Karbonat-Gesteine im Atlas-System Zentral-Marokkos" [Investigations into the microfacies, stratigraphy and paleogeography of Jurassic carbonate rocks in the Atlas system of central Morocco]. Berliner geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen. Reihe A, Geologie und Paläontologie (in German). 119. Selbstverlag Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, FU Berlin. doi:10.23689/fidgeo-6546.^{[page needed]}
3. Danisch, Jan; Kabiri, Lahcen; Nutz, Alexis; Bodin, Stéphane (May 2019). "Chemostratigraphy of Late Sinemurian – Early Pliensbachian shallow-to deep-water deposits of the Central High Atlas Basin: Paleoenvironmental implications". Journal of African Earth Sciences. 153: 239–249. Bibcode:2019JAfES.153..239D. doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2019.03.003.
4. Merino-Tomé, Óscar; Porta, Giovanna Della; Kenter, Jeroen A. M.; Verwer, Klaas; Harris, Paul (Mitch); Adams, Erwin W.; Playton, Ted; Corrochano, Diego (January 2012). "Sequence development in an isolated carbonate platform (Lower Jurassic, Djebel Bou Dahar, High Atlas, Morocco): influence of tectonics, eustacy and carbonate production". Sedimentology. 59 (1): 118–155. Bibcode:2012Sedim..59..118M. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3091.2011.01232.x.
5. Benshili, Khadija (1989). "Lias - Dogger du Moyen-Atlas plissé (Maroc). Sédimentologie, biostratigraphie et évolution paléogéographique". Travaux et Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie de Lyon. 106 (1): 3–285.
6. Ibouh, H.; El Bchari, F.; Bouabdelli, M.; Souhel, A.; Youbi, N. (30 April 2001). "L'accident tizal-azourki haut atlas central du maroc: déformations synsedimentaires liasiques en extension et conséquences du serrage atlasique". Estudios Geológicos. 57 (1–2): 15–30. doi:10.3989/egeol.01571-2124.
7. POISSON, A; HADRI, M.; MILHI, A.; JULIEN, M.; ANDRIEUX, J. (1998). "The central High-Atlas (Morocco). Litho- and chrono-stratigraphic correlations during Jurassic times between Tinjdad and Tounfite. Origin of subsidence". The Central High-Atlas (Morocco). Litho- and Chrono-stratigraphic Correlations During Jurassic Times Between Tinjdad and Tounfite. Origin of Subsidence. 179: 237–256. ISSN 1243-4442.
8. Dubar, G.; Mouterde, R. (1978). "Les formations à ammonites du Lias Moyen dans Ie Haut Atlas du Midelt et du Tadla" (PDF). Notes & M. Servo Geo/. Maroc. 274 (4): 77.
9. Jossen, J.A. (1988). "Carte geologique du Maroc au 11100 000: Feuille Zawyat Ahancal". Notes & M. Servo Geo/. Maroc. 335 (4): 23–31.
10. Jenny, J. (1988). "Carte géologique du Maroc au 1/100 000: feuille Azilal (Haut Atlas central). Mémoire explicatif". Notes et Mémoires du Service géologique. 378 (1): 1–122. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
11. Milhi, Abdellah (1992). Stratigraphie, Fazies und Paläogeographie des Jura am Südrand des zentralen Hohen Atlas (Marokko). Selbstverlag Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, FU Berlin. OCLC 763029903.
12. Bouchouata, Abdelaziz (1994-01-01). La ride de Talmest-Tazoult (haut Atlas central, Maroc) : Lithostratigraphie, biostratigraphie et relations tectonique-sédimentation au cours du Jurassique (These de doctorat thesis). Toulouse 3.
13. Michard, A. (March 2011). "Nouveaux guides géologiques et miniers du Maroc/New Geological and Mining Guidebooks of Morocco, volume 7: Haut Atlas occidental, Haut Atlas central nord-ouest". Notes & M. Servo Geo/. Maroc. 562 (1–3): 70–76. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
14. Lee, C. W.; Burgess, C. J. (1978). "Sedimentation and tectonic controls in the early Jurassic central High Atlas trough, Morocco". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 89 (8): 1199–1204. Bibcode:1978GSAB...89.1199L. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1978)89<1199:SATCIT>2.0.CO;2.
15. Burgess, C. J. (1979). "The development of a Lower Jurassic carbonate tidal flat, central High Atlas, Morocco; 2, Diagenetic history". Journal of Sedimentary Research. 49 (2): 413–427. Retrieved 20 April 2023.
16. Rolley, J. P. (1973). "Etude géologique de l'Atlas d'Afourer-Haut-Atlas central-Maroc" (PDF). (Doctoral dissertation, Université de Grenoble).
17. Burgess, C. J.; Lee, C. W. (1978). "The development of a Lower Jurassic carbonate tidal flat, central High Atlas, Morocco; 1, Sedimentary history". Journal of Sedimentary Research. 48 (3): 777–793. Retrieved 20 April 2023.
18. Lee, C. W. (1976). "Facies and Faunistic Variation in the Middle Lias (Domerian) of the Central High Atlas Mountains, Morocco". Thesis University College of Swansea. 1 (1): 331.
19. Lee, C.W. (August 1983). "Bivalve mounds and reefs of the Central High Atlas, Morocco". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 43 (1–2): 153–168. Bibcode:1983PPP....43..153L. doi:10.1016/0031-0182(83)90052-4.
20. Brame, Hannah-Maria R.; Martindale, Rowan C.; Ettinger, Nicholas P.; Debeljak, Irena; Vasseur, Raphaël; Lathuilière, Bernard; Kabiri, Lahcen; Bodin, Stéphane (January 2019). "Stratigraphic distribution and paleoecological significance of Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian-Toarcian) lithiotid-coral reefal deposits from the Central High Atlas of Morocco". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 514: 813–837. Bibcode:2019PPP...514..813B. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.09.001.
21. Krencker, Francois-Nicolas; Fantasia, Alicia; Danisch, Jan; Martindale, Rowan; Kabiri, Lahcen; El Ouali, Mohamed; Bodin, Stéphane (September 2020). "Two-phased collapse of the shallow-water carbonate factory during the late Pliensbachian–Toarcian driven by changing climate and enhanced continental weathering in the Northwestern Gondwana Margin". Earth-Science Reviews. 208: 103254. Bibcode:2020ESRv..20803254K. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103254.
22. Fraser, Nicole Marie (2002). Early Jurassic reef eclipse: Paleoecology and sclerochronology of the "Lithiotis" facies bivalves (Thesis). OCLC 54394943. ProQuest 305518532.^{[page needed]}
23. Gharib, Abdelhaq; Souhel, Abdellatif; Canerot, J.; El Bchari, F. (2001). "New interpretation of the so called "Assemsouk mud-mound " (Central High Atlas -Morocco)". Géologie Méditerranéenne. 28 (1): 85–87. doi:10.3406/geolm.2001.1695.
24. Fraser, N. M.; Bottjer, D. J.; Fischer, A. G. (1 February 2004). "Dissecting 'Lithiotis' Bivalves: Implications for the Early Jurassic Reef Eclipse". PALAIOS. 19 (1): 51–67. Bibcode:2004Palai..19...51F. doi:10.1669/0883-1351(2004)019<0051:DLBIFT>2.0.CO;2.
25. Krobicki, M. (2014). "Early Jurassic Lithotis-facies bivalves in reef-type buildup in Moroccan High. Atlas (Jebel Azourki, Assemsouk) – a case study". 7th International Meeting on Taphonomy and Fossilization.
26. Martín-Martín, J. D.; Vergés, J.; Saura, E.; Moragas, M.; Messager, G.; Baqués, V.; Razin, P.; Grélaud, C.; Malaval, M.; Joussiaume, R.; Casciello, E.; Cruz-Orosa, I.; Hunt, D. W. (January 2017). "Diapiric growth within an Early Jurassic rift basin: The Tazoult salt wall (central High Atlas, Morocco): Diapiric Growth of the Tazoult Salt Wall". Tectonics. 36 (1): 2–32. doi:10.1002/2016TC004300. hdl:10261/142474.
27. Moragas, Mar; Vergés, Jaume; Saura, Eduard; Martín-Martín, Juan-Diego; Messager, Grégoire; Merino-Tomé, Óscar; Suárez-Ruiz, Isabel; Razin, Philippe; Grélaud, Carine; Malaval, Manon; Joussiaume, Rémi; Hunt, David William (February 2018). "Jurassic rifting to post-rift subsidence analysis in the Central High Atlas and its relation to salt diapirism". Basin Research. 30 (S1): 336–362. Bibcode:2018BasR...30..336M. doi:10.1111/bre.12223. hdl:10261/142318.
28. Moragas, Mar; Baqués, Vinyet; Travé, Anna; Martín-Martín, Juan Diego; Saura, Eduard; Messager, Gregoire; Hunt, David; Vergés, Jaume (June 2020). "Diagenetic evolution of lower Jurassic platform carbonates flanking the Tazoult salt wall (Central High Atlas, Morocco)". Basin Research. 32 (3): 546–566. Bibcode:2020BasR...32..546M. doi:10.1111/bre.12382. hdl:10261/186591.
29. Eduard, Saura; Juan Diego, Martín-Martín; Jaume, Vergés; Mar, Moragas; Philippe, Razin; Carine, Grélaud; Gregoire, Messager; David, Hunt (June 2025). "Shoulder to shoulder architecture of a salt-related rift basin at the onset of continental break-up: The Central High Atlas Jurassic diapiric province (Morocco)". Marine and Petroleum Geology. 176: 107338. Bibcode:2025MarPG.17607338E. doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107338.
30. Stone, Travis; Martindale, Rowan; Bodin, Stéphane; Lathuilière, Bernard; Krencker, François-Nicolas; Fonville, Tanner; Kabiri, Lahcen (April 2025). "Ecological differences in upper Pliensbachian (Early Jurassic) reef communities determined by environmental conditions in carbonate settings". Journal of African Earth Sciences. 224: 105547. Bibcode:2025JAfES.22405547S. doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2025.105547.
31. Wilmsen, M.; F., Neuweiler (2008). "Biosedimentology of the Early Jurassic post-extinction carbonate depositional system, central High Atlas rift basin, Morocco". Sedimentology. 54 (4): 773–807. Bibcode:2008Sedim..55..773W. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3091.2007.00921.x.
32. El Bchari, F.; Souhel, A. (2008). "Sequence tratigraphy and geodynamic evolution of the Jurassic (Sinemurian terminal-Aalenian) of Ait Bou Guemmez (Central High Atlas, Morocco)". Estudios Geológicos. 64 (2): 151–160. doi:10.3989/egeol.08642.028. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
33. Septfontaine, M. (1985). "Environnements de dépôt et foraminifères (Lituolidae) de la plate-forme carbonatée du Lias moyen au Maroc". Revue de Micropaléontologie. 28 (4): 265–289. Retrieved 3 January 2022..
34. Milhi, A.; Ettaki, M.; Chellai, E.H.; Hadri, M. (2002). "The lithostratigraphic formations of moroccan jurassic central High-Atlas: Interelationships and paleogeographic reconstitution". Revue de Paleobiologie. 21 (4): 241–256..
35. Saadi, Z.; Fedan, B.; Laadila, M.; Kaoukaya, A. (2003). "Les tidalites liasiques de la Haute Moulouya et du Moyen Atlas méridional (Maroc): dynamique sédimentaire et contexte paléogéographique" (PDF). Bulletin de l'Institut Scientifique, Rabat, section Sciences de la Terre. 25 (2): 55–71.
36. Souhel, A. (1996). "The Mesozoic in the High Atlas of Beni-Mellal (Morocco). Stratigraphy, sedimentology and geodynamic evolution" (PDF). Strata: Series 2, Memoirs. 27 (6): 1–227. Retrieved 12 May 2022..
37. Septfontaine, Michel (2020). "Steps of Morphogenesis and Iterative Evolution of Imperforate Larger Foraminifera in Shallow Carbonate Shelves During Mesozoic Times: Possible Relations to Symbiotic and Abiotic Factors". Morphogenesis, Environmental Stress and Reverse Evolution. pp. 129–173. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-47279-5_8. ISBN 978-3-030-47278-8.
38. Septfontaine, M. (1988). "Vers une classification évolutive des Lituolidés (Foraminifères) jurassiques en milieu de plate-forme carbonatée". Revue de paléobiologie. 86 (2): 229–256.
39. Septfontaine, H. M. R. (1984). "Biozonation (a l'aide des foraminifères imperfores) de la plate-forme interne carbonatée liasique du Haut Atlas (Maroc)". Revue de Micropaléontologie. 27 (3): 209–229. INIST 8990464.
40. Fonville, Tanner; Martindale, Rowan C.; Stone, Travis N.; Septfontaine, Michel; Bodin, StéPhane; Krencker, FrançOis-Nicolas; Kabiri, Lahcen (31 August 2024). "Early Jurassic Benthic Foraminiferal Ecology From The Central High Atlas Mountains, Morocco". PALAIOS. 39 (8): 277–299. Bibcode:2024Palai..39..277F. doi:10.2110/palo.2023.026.
41. Fugagnoli, A. (April 2000). "First Record Of Everticyclammina Redmond 1964 (E. Praevirguliana N. Sp.; Foraminifera) From The Early Jurassic Of The Venetian Prealps (Calcari Grigi, Trento Platform, Northern Italy)". The Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 30 (2): 126–134. Bibcode:2000JForR..30..126F. doi:10.2113/0300126.
42. Sarih, S.; Quiquerez, A.; Allemand, P.; Garcia, J. P.; El Hariri, K. (September 2018). "Along strike behavior of the Tizi n' Firest fault during the Lower Jurassic rifting (Central High Atlas Carbonate basin, Morocco)". International Journal of Earth Sciences. 107 (6): 2209–2231. Bibcode:2018IJEaS.107.2209S. doi:10.1007/s00531-018-1596-8.
43. Vasseur, Raphaël; Lathuilière, Bernard (23 November 2021). "Pliensbachian corals from the Western Tethys". Geodiversitas. 43 (22). doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a22.
44. Beauvais, L. (1980). "Les Calcarea (Spongiaires) du Lias du Maroc". Annales de Paléontologie (Invertébrés). 66 (2): 21–41.
45. Frankfurt, Rolf Schroeder (June 1984). "Revision von Stylothalamia columnaris Le Maitre 1935 (Sphinctozoa, Porifera) aus dem Lias von Marokko". Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 58 (1–2): 33–39. Bibcode:1984PalZ...58...33F. doi:10.1007/BF02990325.
46. Dubar, G. (1942). "Études paléontologiques sur le Lias du Maroc. Brachiopodes. Térébratules et Zeilléries multiplissées". Notes et Mémoires du Service Géologique du Maroc. 57 (1): 1–103..
47. Elmi, Serge; Alméras, Yves; Benshili, Khadija (1989). "Influence de l'évolution paléogéographique sur les peuplements au cours du Lias dans le Moyen-Atlas Marocain". Sciences Géologiques, bulletins et mémoires. 83 (1): 115–131.
48. Rousselle, L. (1969). "Térébratules pliciligates du Lias supérieur du Haut-Atlas". Notes Serv. Géol. Maroc, Rabat. 29 (213): 44–48.
49. Alméras, Yves (January 1987). "Les Brachiopodes du Lias-Dogger: Paléontologie et biostratigraphie". Geobios. 20: 161–219. Bibcode:1987Geobi..20..161A. doi:10.1016/s0016-6995(87)80073-6.
50. Cooper, G. A. (1983). "Terebratulacea (Brachiopoda), Triassic to Recent: A Study of the Brachidia (Loops)". Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology (50): 1–445. doi:10.5479/si.00810266.50.1.
51. Alméras, Yves (19 November 1993). "The Liassic brachiopod zones of the Middle-Atlas, Morocco (Comparison with the French North Tethyan zonation)". Newsletters on Stratigraphy. 29 (3): 125–136. Bibcode:1993NewSt..29..125A. doi:10.1127/nos/29/1993/125.
52. Elmi, S. (2002). "The Pliensbachian pelecypods assemblages of North Africa". 6th International Symposium on the Jurassic, Universities of Palermo and Torino. 6 (1): 54–56. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
53. Posenato, R.; Masetti, D. (2012). "Environmental control and dynamics of Lower Jurassic bivalve build-ups in the Trento Platform (Southern Alps, Italy)". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 361 (2): 1–13. Bibcode:2012PPP...361....1P. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.07.001.
54. Posenato, R. (2013). "Opisoma excavatum Boehm, a Lower Jurassic photosymbiotic alatoform-chambered bivalve". Lethaia. 46 (2): 424–437. Bibcode:2013Letha..46..424P. doi:10.1111/let.12020. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
55. Posenato, R.; Crippa, G. (2023). "An insight into the systematics of Plicatostylidae (Bivalvia), with a description of Pachygervillia anguillaensis n. gen. n. sp. from the Lithiotis Facies (Lower Jurassic) of Italy". Riv. It. Paleontol. Strat. 129 (3): 551–572. Bibcode:2023RIPS..12920273P. doi:10.54103/2039-4942/20273.
56. Ishigaki, S.; Jossen, J.A. (1988). "Les empreintes de Dinosaures du Jurassique inférieur du Haut Atlas central marocain" (PDF). Notes et mémoires du Service géologique. 334 (1): 79–86. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
57. Jenny, J.; Jossen, J.A. (1982). "Découverte d'empreintes de pas de Dinosauriens dans le Jurassique inférieur (Pliensbachien) du Haut-Atlas central (Maroc) [Discovery of dinosaur footprints in the Lower Jurassic (Pliensbachian) of the central High Atlas (Morocco)]". Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Série II. 294 (1): 223–226. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
58. Foster, John R.; Harris, Jerald D.; Milner, Andrew R.C.; Bordy, Emese M.; Sciscio, Lara; Castanera, Diego; Belvedere, Matteo; Xing, Lida; Lockley, Martin G. (2025). "Jurassic vertebrate tracks and traces". Vertebrate Ichnology. pp. 265–478. doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13837-9.00015-9. ISBN 978-0-443-13837-9.
59. Molina-Pérez, R. & Larramendi, A. (2019). Dinosaurs Facts and Figures: The Theropods and Other Dinosauriformes. Princeton University Press. p. 264. ISBN 9780565094973.
60. Moussa, Masrour; Pérez-Lorente, Félix; Boutakiout, M.; Ladel, L.; Díaz-Martínez, I. (2010). "Nuevos yacimientos de icnitas domerienses en Ibaqalliwn (Aït Bou Guemez, Alto Atlas Central. Marruecos) [New Domerian dinosaur footprint sites from Ibaqalliwn (Aït Bou Guemez, Central High Atlas, Morocco)]" (PDF). Geogaceta. 48 (1): 91–94. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
61. Mudroch, Alexander; Richter, Ute; Joger, Ulrich; Kosma, Ralf; Idé, Oumarou; Maga, Abdoulaye (14 February 2011). "Didactyl Tracks of Paravian Theropods (Maniraptora) from the ?Middle Jurassic of Africa". PLOS ONE. 6 (2): e14642. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...614642M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0014642. PMC 3038851. PMID 21339816.
62. Plateau, H.; Giboulet, G.; Roch, E. (1937). "Sur la présence d'empreintes de Dinosauriens dans la région de Demnat (Maroc) [On the presence of dinosaur tracks in the Demnat region (Morocco)]". Comptes Rendus sommaires de la Société géologique de France. 7 (16): 241–242.
63. Masrour, Moussa; Ladel, Latifa; Pérez Lorente, Félix (2015). "New theropod and prosauropod ichnites from Issil-n-Aït Arbi (Lower Jurassic, Central High Atlas, Morocco)" (PDF). Geogaceta (57): 55–58.
64. Hadri, M.; Boutakiout, M.; Pérez-Lorente, F. (2007). "Nuevos yacimientos de icnitas de dinosaurios carixiensis. Sur del Alto Atlas Central (Goulmima. Marruecos) [New Carixian dinosaur footprint localities. South of the Central High Atlas (Goulmima. Morocco)]". Geogaceta. 41 (1): 107–110.
65. Boutakiout, Mohamed; Masrour, Moussa; Pérez-Lorente, Félix (2014). "Icnitas tireóforas y terópodas en Ansous (Pliensbachiense, Alto Atlas Central, Marruecos)" [Thyreophoran and theropod prints from Ansous (Pliensbachien, Hight Atlas Central, Morocco)] (PDF). Geogaceta (in Spanish) (55): 75–78. CORE output ID 60661519.
66. Pérez-Lorente, F.; Hadri, M.; Boutakiout, M. (2006). "Primeras icnitas de dinosaurio en sur del Alto Atlas Central. Carixiense (Formación de Arhbalou, Goulmima, Marruecos) [First dinosaur footprints in the southern Central High Atlas. Carixian (Arhbalou Formation, Goulmima, Morocco)]" (PDF). Geogaceta. 40 (1): 159–162.
67. Salisbury, Steven W.; Romilio, Anthony; Herne, Matthew C.; Tucker, Ryan T.; Nair, Jay P. (2016-12-12). "The Dinosaurian Ichnofauna of the Lower Cretaceous (Valanginian–Barremian) Broome Sandstone of the Walmadany Area (James Price Point), Dampier Peninsula, Western Australia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (sup1): 1–152. Bibcode:2016JVPal..36S...1S. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1269539. ISSN 0272-4634.
68. Nouri, J. (2007). "La paléoichnologie des empreintes de pas de dinosauriens imprimées dans les couches du Jurassique du Haut-Atlas Central". Université Mohamed. 1 (1): 1–125. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
69. Farlow, J.O. (1992). "Sauropod tracks and trackmakers integrating the ichnological and skeletal records". Zubia. 10 (1): 89–138. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
70. Xing, L.; Lockley, M. G.; Zhang, J.; Klein, H.; Li, D.; Miyashita, T.; Kümmell, S. B. (2016). "A new sauropodomorph ichnogenus from the Lower Jurassic of Sichuan, China fills a gap in the track record" (PDF). Historical Biology. 28 (7): 881–895. Bibcode:2016HBio...28..881X. doi:10.1080/08912963.2015.1052427. S2CID 130151263. Retrieved 18 December 2021.
71. Avanzini, Marco; Leonardi, Giuseppe; Mietto, Paolo (January 2003). "Lavinipes Cheminii Ichnogen., Ichnosp. nov., A Possible Sauropodomorph Track from the Lower Jurassic of the Italian Alps". Ichnos. 10 (2–4): 179–193. Bibcode:2003Ichno..10..179A. doi:10.1080/10420940390256195.
72. Moussa, Masrour; Pérez-Lorente, Félix (2014). "Otozoum trackway in Issil-Aït-Arbi (Lower Jurassic, Central High Atlas, Morocco)". Geogaceta. 56 (1): 107–110. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
73. Lockley, Martin G.; Lallensack, Jens N.; Sciscio, Lara; Bordy, Emese M. (February 2024). "The early Mesozoic saurischian trackways Evazoum and Otozoum : implications for 'prosauropod' (basal sauropodomorph) gaits". Historical Biology. 36 (2): 406–424. Bibcode:2024HBio...36..406L. doi:10.1080/08912963.2022.2163170.
74. Sciscio, Lara; Bordy, Emese M.; Lockley, Martin G.; Abrahams, Miengah (28 September 2023). "Basal sauropodomorph locomotion: ichnological lessons from the Late Triassic trackways of bipeds and quadrupeds (Elliot Formation, main Karoo Basin)". PeerJ. 11: e15970. doi:10.7717/peerj.15970. PMC 10542822. PMID 37790620.
75. Hadri, M.; Pereda Suberbiola, X.; Boutakiout, M.; Pérez-Lorente, F. (2007). "Icnitas de posibles dinosaurios tireóforos del Jurásico Inferior (Alto Atlas, Goulmima, Marruecos) [Possible thyreophoran dinosaur tracks from the Lower Jurassic (High Atlas, Goulmima. Morocco)]". Revista Española de Paleontología. 22 (2): 147–156.
76. Dubar, G.; Le Maître, D. (1935). "Sur la présence de Solénopores et de Spongiomorphides dans le Lias du Maroc". Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences. 200 (7): 571–572.
77. Courtinat, B.; Le Marrec, A. (1986). "Nouvelles donnees palynologiques sur les "Coaches Rouges" (Jurassique Moyen) de la Region de Demnat (Haut-Atlas,Moroc)" (PDF). Bulletin de l'Institut Scientifique. 10 (2): 15–20.