3C 300

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3C 300
SDSS image of 3C 300.
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
ConstellationBoötes
Right ascension14h 23m 01.00s[1]
Declination+19° 35′ 17.98″[1]
Redshift0.270000[1]
Heliocentric radial velocity80,944 km/s[1]
Distance3.243 Gly
Apparent magnitude (V)18.73
Characteristics
TypeE;Radio galaxy HEG[1]
Other designations
4C +19.46, PKS 1420+19, DA 366, OQ +134, NRAO 0443, TXS 1420+198, CoNFIG 192, Cul 1420+198[1]

3C 300 is a radio galaxy[2] located in the constellation of Boötes. The redshift of the object is (z) 0.270[1] and it was first discovered as a radio source in 1959.[3] It was subsequently identified with a galaxy counterpart in June 1966 and designated as 4C 19.46 by the Fourth Cambridge Survey in 1968.[4][5]

Description

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3C 300 is a high-excitation Fanaroff-Riley Class Type 2 radio galaxy,[6] hosted by a compact elliptical galaxy that is located in a poor galaxy cluster.[7][8] The appearance of the galaxy is described as highly elongated with faint tidal distortions, a boxy isophotal structure and an apparent V magnitude of 19.0.[8][9][10] A small companion galaxy is located 8.14 arcseconds away in the west direction, shown to be heavily involved in the interaction and merging process with the galaxy.[11] There are also high surface brightness regions in the galaxy along with a patch of radio emission located east from its extended nucleus.[7][12] The total star formation of 3C 300 is 3.3+0.7-0.7 Mʘ per year, with a total infrared luminosity of 19.0+3.8-4.1 x 109 Lʘ.[13]

The extended emission-line region of 3C 300,[14] has an S-shaped morphology with a total extent of 60 kiloparsecs in east to west direction and displaying rotation that is well-ordered along the position of its major radio axis. Diffused emission is seen on the north and west side of the region.[15] Nuclear outflows are evident, with the outflow being mainly influenced by a blue component whose maximum velocity peaks at 2160 kilometers per seconds.[16]

The radio source of 3C 300 is classified as a double, based on observations made by J.M. Riley and G.G. Pooley using the Cambridge 50-km Telescope in 1975.[17] When observed on a radio map, the source contains multiple components with a total spectra index value of 0.83 ± 0.10.[18] High resolution imaging made by the Very Long Baseline Array (VLA) would paint a different picture for the source, describing it as asymmetrical with a hotspot located in the eastern direction. When further imaged, the hotspot has a double structure with an elongated component at its western edge and a brighter component that is being extended back towards the radio core position. Two other components are located inside a high surface brightness area.[19] The northern radio lobe of 3C 300 displays a high speed of 0.026 ± 0.045c, compared to its shorter southern radio lobe. This implies the northern radio lobe is residing within a low external gas density area.[20]

A jet is present inside the western radio lobe of 3C 300, from the core to the terminating point of the hotspot region. This jet might also be bent too, given the change of angle between 10° and 15°.[19] An observation made in 1998 found the jet is straight with a flux density of 8.06 GHz and has a length of 4.70 kiloparsecs.[21] A supermassive black hole mass of 12.7+5.6-5.0 x 107 Mʘ has been estimated for the galaxy.[13]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g "NED Search results for 3C 300". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2025-09-21.
  2. ^ Lilly, S. J.; McLean, I. S.; Longair, M. S. (July 1984). "Surface photometry of powerful radio galaxies : their relation to Abell cluster cD galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 209 (3): 401–413. doi:10.1093/mnras/209.3.401. ISSN 0035-8711.
  3. ^ Edge, D. O.; Shakeshaft, J. R.; McAdam, W. B.; Baldwin, J. E.; Archer, S. (1959). "A survey of radio sources at a frequency of 159 Mc/s". Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society. 68: 37–60. Bibcode:1959MmRAS..68...37E.
  4. ^ Véron, P. (June 1966). "Optical Positions for Radio Sources in the 3c Revised Catalogue". The Astrophysical Journal. 144: 861. Bibcode:1966ApJ...144..861V. doi:10.1086/148682. ISSN 0004-637X.
  5. ^ Williams, P. J. S.; Collins, R. A.; Caswell, J. L.; Holden, D. J. (1968-04-01). "The Radio Spectra of Sources in the Fourth Cambridge Catalogue-III" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 139 (3): 289–311. doi:10.1093/mnras/139.3.289. ISSN 0035-8711.
  6. ^ Massaro, F.; Harris, D. E.; Tremblay, G. R.; Axon, D.; Baum, S. A.; Capetti, A.; Chiaberge, M.; Gilli, R.; Giovannini, G.; Grandi, P.; Macchetto, F. D.; O’Dea, C. P.; Risaliti, G.; Sparks, W. (2010-04-13). "CHANDRAOBSERVATIONS OF 3C RADIO SOURCES WITHz< 0.3: NUCLEI, DIFFUSE EMISSION, JETS, AND HOTSPOTS". The Astrophysical Journal. 714 (1): 589–604. arXiv:1003.2438. Bibcode:2010ApJ...714..589M. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/714/1/589. ISSN 0004-637X.
  7. ^ a b McCarthy, Patrick J.; Spinrad, Hyron; van Breugel, Wil (July 1995). "Emission-Line Imaging of 3CR Radio Galaxies. I. Imaging Data". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 99: 27. Bibcode:1995ApJS...99...27M. doi:10.1086/192178. ISSN 0067-0049.
  8. ^ a b Floyd, David J. E.; Axon, David; Baum, Stefi; Capetti, Alessandro; Chiaberge, Marco; Macchetto, Duccio; Madrid, Juan; Miley, George; O'Dea, Christopher P.; Perlman, Eric; Quillen, Alice; Sparks, William; Tremblay, Grant (July 2008). "Hubble Space Telescope Near-infrared Snapshot Survey of 3CR Radio Source Counterparts. II. An Atlas and Inventory of the Host Galaxies, Mergers, and Companions". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 177 (1): 148–173. arXiv:0712.0595. Bibcode:2008ApJS..177..148F. doi:10.1086/587622. ISSN 0067-0049.
  9. ^ Tremblay, G. R.; Chiaberge, M.; Donzelli, C. J.; Quillen, A. C.; Capetti, A.; Sparks, W. B.; Macchetto, F. D. (September 2007). "Isophotal Structure and Dust Distribution in Radio-loud Elliptical Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 666 (1): 109–121. arXiv:0705.3642. Bibcode:2007ApJ...666..109T. doi:10.1086/520333. ISSN 0004-637X.
  10. ^ Taylor, G. L.; Dunlop, J. S.; Hughes, D. H.; Robson, E. I. (December 1996). "A near-IR study of the host galaxies of radio-quiet quasars, radio-loud quasars and radio galaxies" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 283 (3): 930–968. doi:10.1093/mnras/283.3.930. ISSN 0035-8711.
  11. ^ Roche, Nathan; Eales, Stephen A. (September 2000). "Optical/ultraviolet morphology and alignment of low-redshift radio galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 317 (1): 120–140. Bibcode:2000MNRAS.317..120R. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03684.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
  12. ^ de Koff, Sigrid; Baum, Stefi A.; Sparks, William B.; Biretta, John; Golombek, Daniel; Macchetto, Ferdinando; McCarthy, Patrick; Miley, George K. (December 1996). "HST Snapshot Survey of 3CR Radio Source Counterparts. I. Intermediate Redshifts". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 107 (2): 621–660. Bibcode:1996ApJS..107..621D. doi:10.1086/192376. ISSN 0067-0049.
  13. ^ a b Westhues, Christian; Haas, Martin; Barthel, Peter; Wilkes, Belinda J.; Willner, S. P.; Kuraszkiewicz, Joanna; Podigachoski, Pece; Leipski, Christian; Meisenheimer, Klaus; Siebenmorgen, Ralf; Chini, Rolf (May 2016). "Star Formation in 3CR Radio Galaxies and Quasars at z < 1". The Astronomical Journal. 151 (5): 120. arXiv:1602.07443. Bibcode:2016AJ....151..120W. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/151/5/120. ISSN 0004-6256.
  14. ^ Balmaverde, B.; Capetti, A.; Baldi, R. D.; Baum, S.; Chiaberge, M.; Gilli, R.; Jimenez-Gallardo, A.; Marconi, A.; Massaro, F.; Meyer, E.; O’Dea, C.; Speranza, G.; Torresi, E.; Venturi, G. (2022-06-01). "The MURALES survey - VI. Properties and origin of the extended line emission structures in radio galaxies". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 662: A23. arXiv:2204.00528. Bibcode:2022A&A...662A..23B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142823. ISSN 0004-6361.
  15. ^ Balmaverde, B.; Capetti, A.; Marconi, A.; Venturi, G.; Chiaberge, M.; Baldi, R. D.; Baum, S.; Gilli, R.; Grandi, P.; Meyer, E. T.; Miley, G.; O’Dea, C.; Sparks, W.; Torresi, E.; Tremblay, G. (2021-01-01). "The MURALES survey - III. Completing the MUSE observations of 37 3C low-z radio galaxies". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 645: A12. arXiv:2010.11195. Bibcode:2021A&A...645A..12B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039062. ISSN 0004-6361.
  16. ^ Speranza, G.; Balmaverde, B.; Capetti, A.; Massaro, F.; Tremblay, G.; Marconi, A.; Venturi, G.; Chiaberge, M.; Baldi, R. D.; Baum, S.; Grandi, P.; Meyer, E. T.; O’Dea, C.; Sparks, W.; Terrazas, B. A. (2021-09-01). "The MURALES survey - IV. Searching for nuclear outflows in 3C radio galaxies at z < 0.3 with MUSE observations". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 653: A150. arXiv:2106.09743. Bibcode:2021A&A...653A.150S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140686. ISSN 0004-6361.
  17. ^ Riley, J. M.; Pooley, G. G. (1975). "Observations of 31 extragalactic radio sources with the Cambridge 50-km telescope at 5 GHz". Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society. 80: 105. Bibcode:1975MmRAS..80..105R.
  18. ^ Burch, S. F. (1979-03-01). "Multifrequency studies of seven 3CR radio sources - II. Results and interpretation" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 186 (3): 519–553. doi:10.1093/mnras/186.3.519. ISSN 0035-8711.
  19. ^ a b Hardcastle, M. J.; Alexander, P.; Pooley, G. G.; Riley, J. M. (July 1997). "High-resolution observations at 3.6cm of seventeen FRII radio galaxies with 0.15<z<0.30". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 288 (4): 859–890. doi:10.1093/mnras/288.4.859. ISSN 0035-8711.
  20. ^ Harwood, Jeremy J.; Hardcastle, Martin J.; Croston, Judith H.; Goodger, Joanna L. (2013-09-12). "Spectral ageing in the lobes of FR-II radio galaxies: new methods of analysis for broad-band radio data". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 435 (4): 3353–3375. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1526. ISSN 1365-2966.
  21. ^ Hardcastle, M. J.; Alexander, P.; Pooley, G. G.; Riley, J. M. (May 1998). "FRII radio galaxies with z<0.3 - I. Properties of jets, cores and hotspots" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 296 (2): 445–462. arXiv:astro-ph/9801179. Bibcode:1998MNRAS.296..445H. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.1998.01480.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
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