2006 in public domain

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When a work's copyright expires, it enters the public domain. The following is a list of works that entered the public domain in 2006. Since laws vary globally, the copyright status of some works are not uniform.

Entered the public domain in countries with life + 70 years

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With the exception of Belarus (Life + 50 years) and Spain (Life + 80 years for creators that died before 1987), a work enters the public domain in Europe 70 years after the creator's death, if it was published during the creator's lifetime.[1][2] The list is sorted alphabetically and includes a notable work of the creator that entered the public domain on January 1, 2006.

Names Country Birth Death Occupation Notable work
Lewis Grassic Gibbon United Kingdom 13 February 1901 7 February 1935 novelist. A Scots Quair, Spartacus
Ioan Bianu Romania 1856 13 February 1935 philologist and bibliographer. Bibliografia Românească veche (1508–1830), Catalogul manuscriselor românești din Biblioteca Academiei
Vernon Lee United Kingdom 14 October 1856 13 February 1935 writer of supernatural fiction, essayist on aesthetics. Studies of the Eighteenth Century in Italy, Euphorion: Being Studies of the Antique and the Mediaeval in the Renaissance
Tsubouchi Shōyō Japan 22 May 1859 28 February 1935 playwright, novelist, translator Kiri Hitoha (A Paulownia Leaf), Hototogisu Kojō no Rakugetsu (The Sinking Moon over the Lonely Castle Where the Cuckoo Cries)
Edwin Arlington Robinson United States 22 December 1869 6 April 1935 playwright, poet Children of The Night, The Man Who Died Twice
Anna Katharine Green United States 11 November 1846 11 April 1935 detective novelist, poet The Leavenworth Case, Marked "Personal"
Panait Istrati Romania 10 August 1884 16 April 1935 short story writer Les Récits d'Adrien Zograffi (The Stories of Adrian Zografi), Adolescence d'Adrien Zograffi (Adolescence of Adrian Zografi)
T. E. Lawrence United Kingdom 16 August 1888 19 May 1935 autobiographer Seven Pillars of Wisdom, The Mint
Kaitarō Hasegawa Japan 17 January 1900 29 June 1935 novelist, translator Jappu shobai orai (A Jap Businessman's Guide), Tange Sazen
George William Russell Ireland 10 April 1867 17 July 1935 poet, painter, literary critic, writer on mysticism Candle of Vision: Autobiography of a Mystic, The National Being: Some Thoughts on an Irish Polity
William Watson United Kingdom 2 August 1858 11 August 1935 poet The Purple East: A Series Of Sonnets On England's Desertion of Armenia, The Superhuman Antagonists and Other Poems
Charlotte Perkins Gilman United States 3 July 1860 17 August 1935 novelist, short story writer, magazine editor The Yellow Wallpaper, Herland
Henri Barbusse France 17 May 1873 30 August 1935 novelist, short story writer, poet Under Fire, Hell
Iván Persa Slovenia 2 April 1861 26 September 1935 religious writer Od vnouge i velke miloscse i pomoucsi szvétoga skapulera
Winifred Holtby United Kingdom 2 April 1898 29 September 1935 novelist, poet, non-fiction writer South Riding, Women and a changing civilization
Steele Rudd Australia 14 November 1868 11 October 1935 short story writer, novelist On Our Selection, The Romance of Runnibede
Ella Loraine Dorsey United States 2 March 1853 3 November 1935 writer of young adult fiction, translator, encyclopedia contributor The Knickerbocker Ghost, The Tsar's Horses
Mary R. P. Hatch United States 19 June 1848 28 November 1935 novelist, poet The Upland mystery : a tragedy of New England, The bank tragedy : a novel
Louise Manning Hodgkins United States 5 August 1846 28 November 1935 educational writer, editor, historian on religious history A Guide to the study of nineteenth century authors, Via Christi : an introduction to the study of missions
Mary G. Charlton Edholm United States 28 October 1854 29 November 1935 journalist, editor, non-fiction writer on sex trafficking The Traffic in Girls and Florence Crittenton Missions, Shall our Women Vote?
Fernando Pessoa Portugal 13 June 1888 30 November 1935 poet, literary critic, translator, philosopher Mensagem, The Book of Disquiet
Stanley G. Weinbaum United States 4 April 1902 14 December 1935 science fiction writer A Martian Odyssey, Valley of Dreams
Lizette Woodworth Reese United States 9 January 1856 17 December 1935 poet A Victorian Village: Reminiscences of Other Days, The Old House in the Country
Kurt Tucholsky Germany 9 January 1890 21 December 1935 political writer, satirist, essayist Rheinsberg, Schloss Gripsholm
Clarence Day United States 18 November 1874 28 December 1935 comic writer, cartoonist Life with Father, God and my Father

Entered the public domain in countries with life + 50 years

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In most countries of Africa and Asia, as well as Belarus, Bolivia, Canada, New Zealand, Egypt and Uruguay; a work enters the public domain 50 years after the creator's death.

Names Country Birth Death Occupation Notable work
Fik Abbing (nl) Netherlands 8 May 1901 12 August 1955 Painter, Illustrator Works
James Agee United States 27 November 1909 16 May 1955 Novelist, Journalist, Poet, Screenwriter A Death in the Family
Silvio D'Amico Italy 3 February 1887 1 April 1955 Theatre theorist
Ruby M. Ayres United Kingdom 28 January 1881 14 November 1955 Romance novelist Bibliography
Johannes Baader Germany 21 June 1875 14 January 1955 Writer, Artist, Architect
Lloyd Bacon United States 4 December 1889 15 November 1955 Actor, Film director Filmography as director
Guido Battelli (de) Italy 24 September 1869 13 April 1955 Writer Works
Dale Carnegie United States 24 November 1888 1 November 1955 Writer How to Win Friends and Influence People
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin France 1 May 1881 10 April 1955 Jesuit priest, Scientist, Paleontologist, Theologian, Philosopher The Phenomenon of Man
Eugenio Cirese (it) Italy 21 February 1884 8 February 1955 Poet Works
Paul Claudel France 6 August 1868 23 February 1955 Poet, Dramatist Works
Donald Corley United States 8 June 1886 11 December 1955 Short story author, illustrator, architect
Alfredo Cuscinà (it) Italy 30 November 1881 30 March 1955 Composer Main operettas
William C. deMille United States 25 July 1878 5 March 1955 Screenwriter, Film director Filmography
Isaak Dunayevsky Russia 30 January 1900 25 July 1955 Composer Compositions
Albert Einstein Germany
United States 		14 March 1879 18 April 1955 Theoretical physicist Scientific publications, The Evolution of Physics, The Meaning of Relativity
George Enescu Romania 19 August 1881 4 May 1955 Composer Compositions
Concha Espina Spain 15 April 1879 19 May 1955 Writer Bibliography
Émile Fabre France 24 March 1869 25 September 1955 Playwright Plays
Joseph Jefferson Farjeon United Kingdom 4 June 1883 6 June 1955 Novelist, Playwright, Screenwriter Works
Alexander Fleming United Kingdom 6 August 1881 11 March 1955 Physician
José Ortega y Gasset Spain 9 May 1883 18 October 1955 Philosopher, Essayist Works
Rodolfo Graziani Italy 11 August 1882 11 January 1955 General Books
Arthur Honegger  Switzerland 10 March 1892 27 November 1955 Composer Compositions
Clemence Housman United Kingdom 23 November 1861 6 December 1955 Author
María Izquierdo Mexico 30 October 1902 2 December 1955 Painter
Jaime Ovalle Brazil 5 August 1894 9 September 1955 Composer Works
James P. Johnson United States 1 February 1894 17 November 1955 Composer, pianist Charleston
Fernand Léger France 4 February 1881 17 August 1955 Painter, Sculptor, Filmmaker
Thomas Mann Germany 6 June 1875 12 August 1955 Writer, Philanthropist, Essayist Works
Carl Milles Sweden 23 June 1875 19 September 1955 Sculptor Works
Francesco Balilla Pratella Italy 1 February 1880 17 May 1955 Composer Selected Works
Charlie Parker United States 29 August 1920 12 March 1955 Saxophonist
Max Pechstein Germany 31 December 1881 29 June 1955 Painter
Robert Riskin United States 30 March 1897 20 September 1955 Screenwriter, Playwright Filmography
Nat Schachner United States 16 January 1895 2 October 1955 Author and biographer Space Lawyer
Robert E. Sherwood United States 4 April 1896 14 November 1955 Screenwriter, Playwright
Nicolas de Staël France 5 January 1914 16 March 1955 Painter
Al. T. Stamatiad Romania 9 May 1885 December 1955 Poet, Short story writer, Dramatist
Wallace Stevens United States 2 October 1879 2 August 1955 Poet The Auroras of Autumn
Yves Tanguy France 5 January 1900 15 January 1955 Painter Paintings
Yevgeny Tarle Russia 27 October 1874 6 January 1955 Historian Napoleon's Invasion of Russia, 1812
Tin Ujević Croatia 5 July 1891 12 November 1955 Poet Works
Maurice Utrillo France 26 December 1883 5 November 1955 Painter
Edouard Verschaffelt (fr) Belgium 1874 1955 Painter
Anwar Wagdi Egypt 11 October 1904 14 May 1955 Director The Flirtation of Girls
Léon Werth France 17 February 1878 13 December 1955 Writer Books
Hermann Weyl Germany 9 November 1885 8 December 1955 Mathematician, Theoretical physicist, Philosopher Bibliography
Herbert Stanley Jevons UK 8 October 1875 27 June 1955 Economist

Entering the public domain in the United States

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See also: Public domain in the United States

In the United States, the copyright status of works extends for the life of the author or artists, plus 70 years.[3][4] If the work is owned by a corporation, then the copyright extends 95 years.[5]

Due to the passing of the Copyright Term Extension Act (Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act) in 1998, no new works would enter the public domain in this jurisdiction until 2019.[6]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "EU Extends Copyright Term To 70 Years | Billboard". Billboard.biz. 2011-09-12. Archived from the original on 2013-01-06. Retrieved 2014-01-07.
  2. ^ Directive 2006/116/EC
  3. ^ "What Could Have Entered the Public Domain | Duke University School of Law".
  4. ^ "S.505 - One Hundred Fifth Congress of the United States of America at the Session Session. An act to amend the provisions of title 17, United States Code, with respect to the duration of copyright, and for other purposes" (PDF). U.S. Copyright Office.
  5. ^ "Copyright Term and the Public Domain in the United States | Copyright Information Center".
  6. ^ "United States Copyright Law". Archived from the original on 2014-08-01. Retrieved 2012-06-02.